Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa mu Moscow: kwayara, yopatulika, hotelo

Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa mu Moscow analowa mu mbiri tsamba la Russia, choyambirira cha kutanthauza ulamuliro wa Basil I (mwana Dmitriya Donskogo yemwe anamwalira mu 1382). Kwa zaka 36, ulamuliro wake mwanzeru Muscovy kulimbitsa ndi kukuza, ndi Moscow womwe unali konse anagonjetsedwa ndi aliyense.

Mbiri ya dzina obisika

Kumasulira kwa Greek "Candlemas" amatanthauza msonkhano. Kuchkovo munda anatenga dzina la dzina la SI Boyar milu, kumtundu vyatichi kosamugonjera Yuri Dolgoruky. Theka-nthano Boyar Stepan gulu anaphedwa ndi m'dziko limene iye anali, Moscow inamangidwa. Zinali apa, pa Kuchkovo kumunda, ndipo panali msonkhano mu 1395 Muscovites Vladimir chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu, yotumidwa chionetsero cha Vladimir pa-Klyazma. Road kuti anapita m'kati mwa likulu, ndi limene chochitika zinachitika, anayamba kuitana Sretenka, ndi obisika ndi anamangidwira pano okumbukira chochitika, kunapezeka Sretensky. Lodziwika bwino chifukwa tsiku lotsatira pa chifukwa akuoneka Timur Tamerlane chadzaoneni asanafike Elec, anatembenuka ndi asilikali ake ku makoma likulu chitetezo. Basil Ine moyo imeneyi chochitika, anamanga mu 1397, pa msonkhano kufika kumanda Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa mu Moscow.

wapatali chidina

Chifukwa cha Vladimir chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu pali nthano kuchotsa Aisiraeli. Mmodzi chinachitika mu 1451, pamene chiguluchi Prince Mazovia, akulu-mdzukulu wa Khan Tokhtamysh, anatentha mzinda wonse wa Moscow, madzulo a kumenya zikuluzikulu kuthawa makoma a likulu pambuyo usiku kuukira nzika ndi fano. The chachiwiri zikugwirizanirana ndi 1480 (kutaya Akhmat, ataima pa za Ugra mtsinje). Vladimir Amayi a Mulungu Icon kwalembedwa, malingana ndi mwambo, ndi Mtumwi Luka Mlaliki ndi Mary pa moyo pa gulu tebulo, Pambuyo kudya Woyera Banja.

Constantinople mabishopu, Luka Hrisoverg, amene ulamuliro m'zaka za m'ma XII zinali zodzaza ndi zinthu zochuluka mpingo malamulo, anatumiza mndandanda ndi chizindikirochi Yuriyu Dolgorukomu. Kamodzi idamangidwa Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa mu Moscow pa August 26 chionetsero chaka chilichonse kuyambira Mfundo Cathedral kupulumutsa Vladimir chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu, mpulumutsi wa akupeza likulu asilikali ake Tamerlane.

nyumba obisika, ndi moyo mpaka masiku athu

Inamangidwa ndi agulupa amamanga anapulumutsidwa. Ku nyumba zakale, anapulumuka nkhondo zonse ndi mikangano, masiku ano anapulumuka tchalitchi zisanu ozungulira, anamanga mu 1679 pa ndalama za Tsar Fedor Alekseevich, theka m'bale Peter I. Fyodor III ndi mkazi wake Agafey Semenovnoy Grushetskoy makamaka mbamphedza wa Sretensky obisika mu Moscow. Pambuyo imfa ziwiri mu 1706 anakonza kum'mwera yopemphereramo - St. Yohane M'batizi. The iconostasis wa Cathedral wa Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa mu 1680, Mfumu banja anakhazikitsako njira ogula awo - oyera ndi ofera Fedora Stratilata Agafi. Zizindikiro zili equidistant ku chipata cha mfumu.

Zochita za dziko

Nthawi zambiri, kunyumba ino anachita tsogolo la Romanov mafumu si udindo wotsiriza - anali kugwira chinathandiza kuwuka kwa ulamuliro Mikhail Fedorovich, woyamba Russian Tsar, mwini wake wa dzina ili. Onse Haji chapamwamba strata wa anthu Russian anayamba, monga ulamuliro, mu obisika izi. M'zaka za m'ma XIX apa, osachepera yochepa, ndi primatial Dipatimenti. Ndi Vladimir chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu, kunena za tiakachisi wa agulupa katatu opulumutsidwa Moscow kwa adani mdani ndi kuwononga.

frescoes wa agulupa ya

Ngakhale kufunika kwake, Cathedral wa Kupereka kwa Vladimir chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu mpaka 1707 ndinaima unpainted. Chaka chino, chifukwa zopereka za SF Griboyedov, musketeers Wapolisiyo anaonekera frescoes kachisi, bwino anapulumutsidwa masiku ano ndipo mmodzi wa katswiri otsiriza luso wakale likulu. Amene utoto makoma a tchalitchi si amadziwika popeza moto mu chaka cha 1737 agulupa unawotchedwa ndi zikalata zonse zokhudza ntchito ya amisiri aluso, ndi Luso lomwe limati yomanga choyambirira cha murals thematic ndi ntchito yabwino.

masamba wakuda wa mbiri

The zinthu zoipa wa agulupa anabwera mu 20 ntchentche za m'ma XX. Yekha anazindikira m'dziko lonse la Soviet Russia kuyambira mu 1922 mpaka 1926 anali gulu Mpingo "renovationism" lomwe, kwenikweni, anali anatengera boma latsopanolo kuti apulumuke. Ndi mwachangu anamenyana ndi mabishopu, Tikhon. Pamene obisika Sretensky mu 1923 anasamuka Renovationism mu ulamuliro wa umutu, mavuto anayamba, ndipo mu 1925 agulupa Anatseka. Mpaka 30, ndi nyumba zambiri obisika ndi nkhanza anagwetsa. Kuganizira - msewu kutambasuka, mmodzi wa chapakati monga Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa amene adilesi ili Moscow - Bolshaya Lubyanka, 19, pa mtima mwa likulu. Mwa nyumba anawononga anali kachisi wa St. Mary wa Egypt, ndi mpingo wa St. Nicholas. Iwo limzake. Shrine ya agulupa inasokonekera mu zakale. Only mwangozi akale mafano "kutamandira Cross" imene chaonekera m'nyumbayi odana ndi chipembedzo anasunga ndi kusungidwa mu Tretyakov Gallery. Mu nyumba otsala linaikidwa pa NKVD alonda kogona. chakuti m'dziko woyera wa agulupa anaphedwa anthu, akuti kulambira mtanda ndipo anamangidwa mu 1995 pokumbukira anthuwo kuzunzidwa.

Bwererani ku Mpingo

90 chaka ku nyumba tchalitchi anali Onse-Union Art Research ndi Kubwezeretsa Center dzina lake. Grabar. Mu 1991 obisika anali atabwerera ku tchalitchi cha Orthodox, ndipo anayamba chitsitsimutso chake - kubwezeretsedwa nyumba zakale, yomanga nyumba yatsopano ndi belu nsanja. Pa gawo la obisika a akuthamanga yosindikiza nyumba yaikulu. Pa maphunziro a catechetical ophunzitsidwa anthu 400. Chimonko 40 ndi novices moyo mu obisika a. Tikumbukenso kuti December 4, 1925, kutangotsala kutsekedwa mokwanira, Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa anali tonsured mu rassophore dzina lake Plato tsogolo mabishopu, Pimen (mu dziko SERGEY Izvekov) yemwe anamwalira mu 1990.

Kukongola wowuma mtima wa agulupa ya

nyumba zonse zili mu mtima mwa likulu, umene pa zaka zaposachedwapa zasintha modziwika, mogwirizana ndi maonekedwe ake atsopano, kuphatikizapo Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa mu Moscow. Photo, anaika pansipa, amalankhula akusonyeza za wowuma mtima kukongola kwake panopa. Mwachibadwa wina wa amonke wamkulu, amene anachita mbali yofunika kwambiri mu tsoka la Russia, yomwe ili pakati pa mzinda, wapatsidwa kwambiri chidwi ndi utsogoleri wa mpingo Orthodox. Kuwonjezera apo, popeza agulupa stauropegic, kholo la Moscow ndi chigamulo chake bishopu awathandize bwinobwino. Mawu akuti "stauropegic" kumatanthauza sanamvere obisika makonsolo diocesan. Mchitidwe umenewu amenewa ndi Laura ali kutumikiridwa mabishopu. Mpaka 1918 obisika, ili mu mtima mwa likulu, pa msewu Bolshaya Lubyanka (poyamba Sretenka), anali ndi udindo wa agulupa supernumerary, alipo popanda thandizo boma. Masiku ano, Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa mu Moscow amatanthauza stauropegic.

Chifukwa kunyada wapadera

Onse likufanana mu malo udindo wake mkulu. Anthu ambiri ayenera kunyadira Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa mu Moscow. obisika kwaya (kuimba, ndi kwayala) ndi zaka mofanana ake, ndipo amadziwika osati kwa atsogoleri a chipembedzowo ndi okonda nyimbo zopatulika. Kale mu XVII m'ma Sretensky Choir ndi kwayala anazitcha, monga anali limodzi ndi wapadera akuguba Mzinda Wonse. Nakhala pa nthawi yovuta, timabadwanso pamodzi ndi obisika ndodo anayamba kupeza zinthu zatsopano, nthawi zogwirizana ndi potsiriza anapanga mu 2005. Iwo lotsogoleredwa ndi maphunziro a Russian Academy of Music Nikon Stepanovich moyo. Kuyambira ali mwana anali chorister cha Utatu-Sergio Lavra. Pamodzi ndi mautumiki a soloists wa kwaya ndi zoimbaimba ndipo Albums olembedwa. Aliyense wa soloists 30 kwambiri nyimbo maphunziro - kapena "Gnesinka" kapena Moscow Theological Seminary kapena Sretinskaya. Pali ophunzira matauni Academy of Choral Art ndi Moscow Conservatory. Malinga ndi mafani ndi akatswiri, bwana aluso "zimapangitsa mogwirizana mawu mu thupi." Mu kwayara kumeneko soloists padziko lonse - wotchedwa Dmitry Beloselsky, ndi ena.

zithunzi akulemekezedwa ndi zotsalira za oyera mtima

Tiakachisi Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa mu Moscow, ankaimira makamaka zotsalira za Hieromartyr Hilarion (Troitsky) - bishopu zaumulungu wa tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox, chizindikiro ndi zotsalira za St. Seraphim wa Sarov. Komanso pali zasungidwa zotsalira za St. Mary wa Egypt, St. Ioanna Zlatousta, Vasiliya Velikogo ndi Nikolaya Chudotvortsa. Zimatanthauza kachisi filimu (nkhope pa cophimba) ndi zabwino (chithunzi) chidole Turin cophimba, anapanga m'ziwawa, umene uli crypt a tchalitchi. Iwo anali opatulidwira kholo la Moscow Alexis II monga chizindikiro cha Mpulumutsi sanapangidwe ndi. Analemekeza ya Vladimir chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu anamaliza mndandanda akachisi Sretensky obisika.

Disinterestedness pakuti ulemerero wa Mulungu

Anthu amene amafuna ndipo mwakufuna ntchito ku ulemerero wa Mulungu, ndi pa mchitidwe umenewu chikale koma iwo sali novices - otchedwa membala ndodo. Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa mu Moscow, komanso mabungwe mpingo wina akufunika thandizo lawo. Trudnik amasiyana wogonera, ndi novices. Mwachidule, ndi anthu chabe kukhala okonzeka amadzipereka kuti mpingo kwathunthu. Pali makonzedwe a membala ndodo, imene imvera mfundo zake, ndi kuswa iwo ali osavomerezeka. Kawirikawiri ndodo membala kubwera kwa mchitidwe umenewu kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo iwo, ayenera malo ogona. Hotel Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa mu Moscow lotchedwa "Podushkin" Mwaichi ndipo chinali. Koma, mwatsoka, mu 2012, mu kugwa, anafika ku likulu la milandu chifukwa chakuti mndandanda wa misonkhano, malinga ndi apolisi, komanso wapamtima. Woimira Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa mudziwe otchedwa miseche.