Sitima zapamadzi "Northwind": kufotokoza ndi specifications. sitima zankhondo za nyukiliya "Northwind"

Anatengera woyamba wa njira nyukiliya sitima zapamadzi "Northwind" polojekiti Russian sitima anavomerezedwa mu 2013. The sitima zapamadzi, amene anatulutsa chithunzi TV zoweta ndi achilendo, wotchedwa "Yury Dolgoruky". Pa nthawi imene anali yekha anapezerapo pa yapita zaka 12. Komanso, anali woyamba sitima chombo cha mtundu womwewo, anamanga mu Russia latsopano.

Amene ali Boreas

Kumasulira kwa Greek "Borey" amatanthauza "kumpoto". Koma izi lingaliro Hrs tavomera dera mwina ntchito, "Yuriya Dolgorukogo" tanthauzo la dzina la ntchito si wotopa. Aliyense sitima zapamadzi la "Borey" ntchito amaimira mphamvu ya Greek m'nthano mulungu m'bale Dziwani ndi Zephyr, mwana wa Astrea ndi mbo, yoopsa ya mkulu wa mphepo kumpoto. Kulemba za izo mu "Iliad" wa Homer, iye anali ngwazi ankakonda wa ambuye wa Greece wakale, kuti iye mu ntchito zambiri za luso lomwe yatsikira kwa nthawi zathu. Wamphamvu, zouluka, bearded, kuleza tsitsi, anakhala "sedmidomnom grotto" (ndiko mobisa kwambiri) ndipo anachita zimene iye amafuna. Pamene kukwatira - iye kubedwa Orifov, mwana wamkazi wa mfumu, ndi njira. Mfundo kenako zimaonekera pa nsalu zokha ayi wake ojambula zithunzi zambiri. Fano kungoganiza za Boreas mulungu (amatchedwanso Zephyr) ndi ndi kupenta "Spring" wa Botticelli. Kodi dzina la nyukiliya sitima zapamadzi udindo waukulu.

Mbiri ya polojekiti

The sitima zapamadzi "Northwind" poyambirira linakonzedwa mtundu enieni a sing'anga njira nyukiliya - olimba mafuta chida "Makungwa" (P-39UTTH), anayamba m'ma Mipingo monga counterweight ku US, "Pershing-2". Mwamwayi kenako, shipbuilders kupirira ntchito bwino kuposa amuna roketi, amene onse chalakwika. Kumapeto kwa "Makungwa" tinaganiza kuti asiye ntchitoyo, latsopano sitima zapamadzi dzanja namtsata ndi chinachakenso. mwina ndi kukonzekeretsa ake mivi sitima, koma Unduna wa silikhali anaumirira kupitiriza kafukufuku m'munda wa mizinga olimba mafuta, anali, poyerekeza ndi kale opangidwa mu USSR zitsanzo madzi, m'njira zambiri. M'madzi sitima panopa anapitiriza kumanga. Dziko watsala ndi kanthawi kochepa mavuto.

Yosatha Yeltsin nyengo

ntchitoyi anali wokonzeka pambuyo USSR kugwa. The sitima zapamadzi loyamba "Borey" kalasi anakhazikitsidwa mu 1996 ndipo anakhala ... weniweni yomanga yaitali. Patapita zaka ziwiri, pamene kulephera kwa "Barco" linaonekera, okonzeka zopangidwa blueprints anali amasintha. Kumangidwa kwa cholimba ndi opepuka thupi la ndalama mavuto ndi kuchepekedwa ndalama zinatha zaka khumi ndi ziwiri. Only mu 2008 kunali afunika wapadera wa "Yuriya Dolgorukogo", koma anatenga zonse zisanu kalendala pakuti chimaliziro cha ntchito liza ndi kulanda sitima ya kumpoto zombo za la Russia. Koma khama ameneŵa kuthana ndi mavuto angathe kuonedwa ngati wolungama. Sitima zapamadzi "Northwind" ali zolimba panyanja wapadera.

Kodi sitimayo ili?

Kumiza kuya - mamita anayi (480 pazipita). Adalowetsedwa liwiro - 29 mfundo pamwamba -15 mayunitsi. Choyesera (amphumphu) - .. matani 24 tsiku lililonse lalikulu mita thupi zopangidwa mkulu-mphamvu austenitic zosapanga dzimbiri AK-100, kupitiriza wolemera matani 40 katundu. sitimayo kutalika - mamita 170. madzi abwino ndi yotengedwa kuchokera ku mbali ya zomera desalination, ndipo anatengedwa kuchokera chomwecho mpweya patsogolo mpweya ayenera kuchita mkati galimoto. Padziko simungathe kuuka kwa miyezi ingapo. zinthu kwambiri moyo wa habitability unakhazikitsidwa kuti oyendetsa. Nyukiliya sitima zapamadzi "Northwind" amaona ndi kumva zonse zokwawa pa mtunda wa makumi ambiri kulizungulira, ali kugwirizana khola ndi yosiyanasiyana njira lamayimbidwe ndipo nthawi zonse amakhala okonzeka kuchita utumwi nkhondo. Cholinga cha chombo, mosiyana Akhristu ambiri generic, njira. Ndi kuti pulezidenti, iye ayenera kupulumutsa yaikulu nyukiliya chida sitalaka mphamvu amene ali ndithu moti Africa yense mu chipululu chopanda moyo. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera cruiser mobisa pano m'dera lililonse la nyanja, pa losadziwika kwa kuya mdani angathe amayang'anira sizimadziwika iye. makhazikitsidwe chitetezo pang'ono yokutidwa ndi chophimba chinsinsi, ngati sitima zapamadzi "Northwind". Zofunika chinsinsi, zoti pang'ono ndithu, ndipo ngakhale ndiye yekha chifukwa cholinga chachikulu cha chitetezo dongosolo mlingo uliwonse ofanana - mantha ndi wankhanza zotheka.

Zolinga za njira chida sitima zapamadzi sali m'gulu kusaka zoyendera kapena magulu ankhondo fleets ankhanza. Imakhala yekha deterrence nyukiliya kwayandikirako kuopseza kubwezera ngati chiwembu.

About shipbuilding "chopereka"

mavuto azachuma ndiAmene wa sitima yoyamba pa mndandanda ( "Yuriya Dolgorukogo") ntchito yomanga ake Ndime "Cougar" Project 971 sitima zankhondo (amatchedwanso "Pike-B"). Kapangidwe ka "Aleksandra Nevskogo" zigawo ofanana akhala anaitenga ku "Lynx" ndipo mu nkhani ya "Vladimirom Monomahom" - pa "dera limeneli limatchedwa Mabala". Womkanikizawo zinawukhira mfundo zimene oyambirira ndi amene anapuma pantchito sitima zankhondo za nyukiliya "Barnaul" anakhala ngati munthu woperekayo kuti zombo zatsopano, motero kuti pakhale ena ofufuza za makampani Russian chitetezo kudzatunga mfundo za backwardness luso zombo Russian. Anamanga sizikuyenda bwino kopanda kuti sitima zankhondo za Project 955 "Borey" si mawu omaliza mu shipbuilding panyanja, ndipo anasonkhana kwa zipangizo sekondale zosaphika ndi zigawo, amene anapuma pantchito sitima zankhondo. Ndipotu, ntchito ndi abwino ndithu zipolopolo alumikizana - zolondola ndithu muyeso kuchepetsa zakuthupi. Pa nkhondoyo mphamvu zombo latsopano si bwanji.

Riyakitala ndi zosagwiritsa dongosolo

Mtima wa sitima zapamadzi za - ndi 190-megawatt nthunzi Chabwino-650V. Magwero chachikulu cha phokoso kuulula sitima zapamadzi aliyense nyukiliya, monga mapampu, coolant ikukoka ndi TGZA (Turbo gasi-zida wagawo). Kapangidwe ka sitima zapamadzi nyukiliya "Northwind", mayunitsi ndi chimodzi kuti ntchito pa maboti wa mndandanda yapita (kuphatikizapo "Ash" ntchito). Koma zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti mlingo phokoso akanali yemweyo - izo utachepa chifukwa zidule zosiyanasiyana luso. Inasanduka ndege zosagwiritsa chipangizo, amene kwambiri anachepetsa decibel, zipangizo zonse analandira absorbers wapadera mantha. Pali maganizo oti zinthu zofuna malo apadera, pali disconnection GTZA ku tinakwera kutsinde ndi boti yotengeka ndi wapadera injini otsika phokoso. Osachepera njira imeneyi inathetsedwa funso mwachinsinsi "Ash".

m'badwo wachinai

The sitima zapamadzi "Northwind" - m'badwo wachinayi za m'chombo. Cholinga chake chinali m'malo sitima zankhondo m'nthawi Union, atsopano amene ali tcheru kwa zaka kotala ndi zida za mtundu wa "Sineva" zida madzi. Kupitiriza kwa nyumba Pankhaniyi n'chofunikira: sitima zapamadzi okwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo ali ndi moyo wautali utumiki ndi kusamutsidwa a zanyengo awo latsopano pang'onopang'ono. Strategic nyanja onyamula nyukiliya mivi ya US Navy ndi pafupifupi zaka mofanana Russian, makamaka popeza nthawi otsiriza US anapatsidwa chidwi ŵakwenera za kulengedwa kwa sitima zankhondo Mipikisano cholinga likuvutika mavuto a containment lonse. Luso yomanga sitima zankhondo Russian amaimirira kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwapa, ngakhale mfundo Soviet akadali operewera. Choncho, sitima chachiwiri (ndi wachitatu) Project 955 anatha mu utumiki zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi basi pambuyo kuika.

siteshoni lamayimbidwe

Mphuno lonse la sitima zapamadzi "Northwind" ali wotanganidwa ndi tcheru kwambiri ozungulira mlongoti sonar dongosolo MGK-600B "Irtysh-Amphora". Ziribe kanthu momwe wamphamvu aliyense armament chimphona m'madzi, izo zikanakhala zopanda ntchito pakanapanda luso bwinobwino kuwunika pamwamba chilengedwe ndi mkhalidwe m'madzi. Kuwonjezera pa ntchito mwachizolowezi, wopangidwa mwa shumopelengovanii, zikhudze kuzindikira ndi kulankhulana, gulu GAK angathe kuyeza makulidwe a ayezi kupeza torpedoes ndi mabomba, kupeza una mu ayezi mu M'madera a zitunda kumpoto ndi kupereka lamulo ngalawa zambiri zina zothandiza kwambiri mu vuto nkhondo.

launchers roketi

The sitima zapamadzi "Northwind" ali silhouette chosiyana ndi chisomo cha akuigwiritsa kuchuluka. Pali zida launchers, ndiwo waukulu chida wa m'madzi cruiser cholinga chapadera. Mpaka nthawi pamene deta linasindikizidwa pa mwayi njira ya ngalawa latsopano, akatswiri asilikali ankakhulupirira kuti makumi awo. Ndipotu si choncho: launchers, sikisitini, aliyense wa iwo - chida "Bulava". mozama ultraprecise olimba dongosolo amapereka odalirika kuyamba kwa njira iliyonse nkhondo.

Kotero ndi "Bulava"?

The sitima zapamadzi "Northwind" analengedwa kuti akhale mwini wa chida latsopano "Bulava". Popeza January 2013 ngalawa ili mbali ya kumpoto zombo, koma akadali sadziwa kugwiritsa kukhala nkhonya chinaperekedwa pa iwo. Kusintha kwa mtundu watsopano wa zida anatsimikizira zovuta kuposa mmene ankaganizira poyamba. Ndipotu, ubwino wa mizinga olimba mafuta ali motere:

- otetezeka kusungiramo ndi kupatulana pafupifupi kuthekera mwangozi chiyambi-mmwamba;

- mtengo wotsika;

- zosavuta chiyambi;

- zochepa chiopsezo kachitidwe chida chitetezo.

Komabe, olimba roketi ndi ang'onoang'ono utali wozungulira nkhondowo ntchito kuposa - pa misa chomwecho - zakumwa ofanana. Komanso, luso yopanga awo amakhala ndi zambiri subtleties.

Mu 2013, pa bolodi "Aleksandra Nevskogo" anali opangidwa ndi kutumidwa "Bulava R-30" zinathera m'chaka kulephera. Chipolopolo anagwa mphindi ziwiri pambuyo pa chiyambi. Isanafike nkhani imeneyi, mayeso wadutsa bwinobwino. Pambuyo Zovuta za akapsa zotsatirazi zinkachitikanso ndithu. zinthu zachinsinsi musalole mfundo kotheratu nkhondowo imapanga sitima zankhondo "Northwind". TTX chida "Bulava" zodziwika kokha mawu ambiri, iwo amapanga boma chinsinsi. Ntchito kusintha ndi kuwonjezera kudalirika akupitiriza.

zombo zina Project 955

Aliyense wa zotsatirazi "Borey" sitima zapamadzi imalankhula mtundu isiyana ndi ungwiro yapita kukula. Sitimayo patsogolo, "Yury Dolgoruky" kuyambira chiyambi cha 2013 ndi zimachitika m'munsi mwa Navy Gadzhiyevo (SF). "Alexander Nevsky" - sitima zankhondo zam'madzi lotsatira - ku mapeto a chaka chomwecho, anatumikira mu Pacific zombo mu Vilyuchinsk, monga mbali ya Division 25. Chaka chotsatira, mu December 2014, anadza unit chachitatu cha nkhani ya nyukiliya sitima zapamadzi "Vladimir Monomakh" pa maziko omwewo. maboti onse atatu sanayambe kulimbana ntchito mu madera ntchito. N'zovuta adzaweruza pati chifukwa cha izi ndicho cha chivomerezocho luso. Mchitidwe wabwinobwino wa fleets onse a dziko ndi mokwanira ntchito kunja maluso a anthu okonza ndi kukwaniritsa langwiro chuma chuma chombo asanachoke chipinda cha opareshoni. lamulo imakhala kwambiri alonda 55 52 amalinyero, umene maluso zofunika komanso ndi lalitali kwambiri. Pa momwe ntchito yawo bwino mgwirizano, izo zimatengera si bwino ulendo wautali, komanso miyoyo ya amalinyero.

Zotsatirazi "Borei"

Mu 2009, pa "Sevmash" anaika chombo chachinayi cha polojekiti 955, analandira dzina la St. Nicholas. Panopa, mkati nyumba yomalizidwa kuti anaika zida ndiponso makina amagetsi. Baibulo limeneli la chida m'madzi ali 955-U index.

Mu 2014 anayamba kumanga mayunitsi awiri - "Suvorov" ndi "Prince Oleg" (Baibulo 955-A). ntchito zake ziri gawo la khamu la alumikizana kuthamanga.

Pakuti 2015 izo zakonzedwa kuika sitima zankhondo awiri a kalasi "Boreas".

Iwo okha ngati Bulu eyiti Russian sitima zankhondo za m'badwo wachinayi, akadali osadziwika. Mwina, chiwerengero chawo lidzafika khumi ndi 2020. M'kupita kwa nthawi, iwo adzakhala m'malo ntchito "nyamayi" ndi "Dolphins" Project 667, amene kale otsluzhat moyo wake.