Kumpoto zombo - Russia kumalo ozizira Chikopa

Kumpoto zombo analengedwa ina kuposa Baltic, Black Sea ndi Pacific Ocean. Kutanthauza zisudzo kumalo ozizira ntchito chawonjezeka kwambiri mu mmasate oyambirira a zaka za m'ma XX. Zachitika pa ndege ndi shipbuilding analola kunena kuti m'madera patsogolo kufunika cha chitetezo chimene poyamba kuchita ntchito asilikali zosatheka.

Commissar anthu a silikhali Klim Voroshilov mu April 1933 lalembedwa kuti ndi kusamukira squadron wopangidwa mwa ofunkha "Kuibyshev" ndi "Uritsky", sitima zankhondo awiri awiri kulondera m'dera la kumalo ozizira. Amalonda a zombo dzina lake SAS-1 (wapadera cholinga ulendo). zombo zinathandiza aumbike mwa Murmansk Flotilla. Mu August, anayamba zomangamanga zikuluzikulu latsopano panyanja m'munsi mu Arctic.

Mu 1935, ku North anapezerapo ilibe ntchito nkhondowo maphunziro. Mkati yochepa, monga pa zaka ziwiri, kunachitika M'ndime zambiri yaitali, makamaka kwa Dziko Latsopano ndi kumpoto Nyanja Route , bungwe kunyumba ndiponso zomangamanga anapeza zambiri ayezi pamadzi sitima zankhondo, anamanga airfields Naval Aviation. Mu May 1937, zombo kumpoto zachokera flotilla lapansi.

Mmasate anayamba nthawi ya Arctic kufufuza. Chipulumutso ulendo I. D. Papanina anapangidwa ndi nawo yogwira panyanja ndi oyendetsa-kumpoto zombo.

Kumpoto zombo anatenga gawo m'nyengo yozizira Chifinishi nkhondo. Mzindawu unali pamalo m'munsi chachikulu analola kuti asalalikire mwa kundipatsako kwa mdani nyanja. madoko Petsamo ndi Liinakhamari anali wotanganidwa ndi amalinyero Union.

Popeza June 1941 mtengo wa madoko Soviet kumpoto kuchuluka zayamba. Arkhangelsk ndi Murmansk anatenga thandizo a m'mayikowo, chitetezo lawo lasanduka yofunika ntchito. Pa zaka zinayi nkhondo ya Atlantic akhala zoposa zikwi convoys, omwe ndi mazana a mailosi moni zombo wathu, motsogozedwa ndi doko kopita, repulsing ndi matenda a German oponya zoponya mabomba, sitima zankhondo ndipo zoponya mabomba.

Kumpoto zombo kwamtuwagalu ndi German mphamvu Kriegsmarine. The Anazi mu M'madera a zitunda kumalo ozizira kwambiri kuposa zombo asanu ndi ndege 1,300. Ngwazi submariners Nikolai Lunin, Ivan Kolishkin Israel Fisanovich Mohammed Gadzhiev ndi ena ambiri akhala kupambana chilichose, kupereka, ngati panafunika moyo. Oyendetsa Severomorsk Boris Safonov Ivan Katunin Peter Sgibnev nyenyezi wofiira mapiko yokutidwa chosafa ulemerero wawo mu Arctic kumwamba.

Popeza makumi asanu kumpoto bulu sanali kokha nyanja, koma chombo. Dziko sitima yoyamba ballistic Launch anapangidwa mu 1956 mu White Sea. Patapita zaka zitatu za Severomorsk ayamba ndi m'madzi sitima zapamadzi K-3 "Leninsky Komsomol". 1960 Chizindikiro sitima zapamadzi-anapezerapo intercontinental ballistic mivi dziko.

Mu 1962, kumpoto zombo sitima zapamadzi analanda mtengo. Sitima zapamadzi "Leninsky Komsomol" anatenga panabukanso, pambuyo kuswa ayezi thupi, ndi panyanja anakhazikitsa pa mfundo ndi ndondomeko 90 madigiri. yakumadzulo. USSR ndi Bulu mbendera.

Mu theka lachiwiri la makumi asanu ndi awiri a XX atumwi kumpoto zombo ndege onyamula anali nawo. The woyamba anali cruiser "Kiev" mu 1991 pa nkhondowo ntchito machimo ndege chonyamulira "asilikali Kuznetsov".

zenizeni mbiri asonyeza bwanji perspicacious mlengi wa Russian zombo, Petr Veliky. zaka zoposa zitatu zapitazo, onyamula woyamba Russian zombo madzi kumpoto, iye mwaulosi anamvetsa tsogolo kufunika njira ya North mu Poteteza dziko.

Lero malo a udindo wa Russian kumpoto zombo - lonse nyanja. Kuika mu Severomorsk ndi Severodvinsk akutsegula mwayi malire kwa chipinda cha opareshoni.