Leyden mtsuko

Ambiri a m'nthawi ano amakonda kuwonekera kwa chowonadi, kuti kumlingo anasiya kuzindikira iwo. Anthu amakhala kuyembekezera chinachake zosamvetsetseka, ngakhale zozizwitsa chenicheni otizungulira. Kodi zikhoza kukhala kosavuta kuposa dinani lophimba batani babu kuwala odukaduka mdima mu chipinda? Kapena kukwera pansi, monga mwa kuwonekera batani mu ndichikepe. Kodi si chozizwitsa?

Ngakhale nthawi ya ntchito zothandiza anthu magetsi mphamvu ali zaka mazana angapo, mbiri ya mphindi chabe, imene nthawi, apeza zinthu zambiri. Ena odziwika bwino ndipo tsopano (lomwe limadziwika malamulo Ohm wa!), Ndipo ena Likutchulidwa yekha ndi azambiriyakale, ndipo nthaŵi zina aphunzitsi m'sukulu. Mwachitsanzo, kodi mayanjano otani anthu ambiri ndi mawu "Leyden mtsuko"? mabungwe a zachuma, zipangizo zachipatala, ndipo akhoza "lachinyengo" mphamvu kuteteza masamba? Komabe, zachilendo, chifukwa ngakhale aliyense zamagetsi Chapafupi kuti Leyden mtsuko - choyimira cha capacitors ano magetsi. Ngakhale mamangidwe lophweka, chiphunzitso, ndi younikanso moyenera zipangizo amenewa akhoza kwambiri bwinobwino ntchito monga mbali ya madera magetsi.

Aliyense wa sukulu amadziwa kuti ngati inu pakani pulasitiki chogwirira cha tsitsi, mu njira yake zinthu zina mu mlengalenga kusiyana mphamvu kumachitika. Mfundo ofanana ntchito makina electrostatic, chifukwa panali chinachake Leyden mtsuko. M'zaka za m'ma 18 German Gericke anthu yakale unsembe, ozikidwa unali waukulu galasi mbale ndi chitsulo chogwira matayala wokwera. A yosavuta lamba pagalimoto anamuika sapota. Wokhudza chidutswa cha khungu akhoza kuyambitsa mphanvu magetsi ndi zosaoneka minda mu atomu. Mu nkhani zomwe zili mu zone ya mizere kanthu mphamvu kumunda kwaiye ndipo anapeza (Zachepetsedwa) mafunde.

1745 ndi tsiku kuti pamene mtsuko Leyden linatsegulidwa. Wasayansi Pieter galimoto Musschenbroek wa Leyden anazindikira kutsanulira madzi mu botolo, ndi kuika kumbuyo chidutswa cha waya mosamala kutenga mphamvu manja kulibweretsa ku elektroforu akuthamanga. Wokhudza gawo projecting wa waya wasayansi analandira amphamvu zimakhudza mantha. Tsopano n'zoonekeratu kuti dzanja anthu ndi madzi mu mphika ankatumikira monga tsopano amatchedwa mbale capacitor, ndipo khoma kapu ya chotengera - ndi zokutira zitsulo wosanjikiza. Leyden mtsuko akhoza kudziunjikira magetsi moti mokwanira kuti muyende a unyolo wa anthu 700. Zinali zoonekeratu kuti angathe kupezeka ndi zoopsa. Izo mu Leiden unayambitsidwa yopanga "capacitors," womwe unawonjezera dzina chipangizo.

Patatha zaka 2 popeza anapeza B. Franklin zolinga experimental atakulungidwa kunja linga la akhoza wa zojambulazo malata, potero kuwonjezeka mphamvu. Zinaonekeratu kuti kwambiri mpaka zidzaonekera poyera. Ndipotu, icho chinali njira ya "polakwitsalakwitsa", ndi maziko ongolankhula kale anadziŵa pa maziko a zotsatira za kafukufuku wawo. Kenako Franklin m'malo banki lathyathyathya galasi ndi zojambulazo pa zomenyanazo, kupeza bwino tonse capacitor.

Leyden mtsuko ndi manja anu angathe kukhala mofulumira kwambiri. Muyenera pulasitiki banki malata mbale ndi waya lotsekedwa soldered, adamulowetsa makala, cholimba fyuluta pepala, zitsulo (kapena pulasitiki ndi Ikani ndi conductive) ndi osachiritsika-chivundikiro kukhudzana ndi madzi amchere. Sanatchule mbale pansi ndi chidebe pulasitiki, mfulu mapeto a waya tikuona mmwamba. Potseka pepala pamwamba, kutsanulira khala wosanjikiza, madzi mchere ndi kuika chivundikiro osachiritsika a. Iwo likukhalira kuti mabanki ndi kunja kwa awiri ankakhala mawaya kutchinjiriza: kuchokera pansi ndi mbale pamwamba. Tsopano, ngati iwo ali atawononga voteji kunja, gawo la izo condense. Pambuyo pake, monga kulumikiza katundu adzatsala. Pochita zinthu ndi "Bank" ayenera kusamala.