Ulamuliro - dongosolo limene munthu amakhala gudumu

Ulamuliro - ndi dongosolo la ndale mphamvu, imene boma mothandizidwa ndi mabungwe yazamalamulo kukhazikitsa ulamuliro wonse pa zochitika zonse za anthu. Kumasiyana ndi authoritarianism - ena omwe si demokalase ulamuliro - kuti akuyesera kudutsa mu malingaliro, moyo, ndi ngakhale zikhulupiriro za munthu aliyense. Iye akuyesa kukakamiza ngakhale kusintha moyo banja la anthu ndi amakhazikitsa dongosolo la okwana anaziika.

Pa gawo la Soviet Union akadali amapezeka pakati pa nzika nostalgic masiku a Stalin kuvutika ndi chilakolako cha "dzanja mwamphamvu". Iwo ankadana ndi adani maganizo, ponena kuti Ulamuliro - ndi Stalinism. Iwo amapereka mokomera chiphunzitso chake cha mfundo zotsatirazi: mu ufumu wa Stalin chogwidwa malingaliro boma la "Marxism-Leninism" ndi imene kugawidwa ndi anthu onse. Kukhulupirika kwa maganizo ameneŵa angasonyeze zonse ndipo kulikonse - mwachitsanzo, maumboni zinthu zofunika kwambiri kasamalidwe zokomera m'mbuyo ngakhale apolitical ntchito maphunziro pa masamu.

Mfundo yachiwiri imene Ulamuliro - izi ndi Stalinism, ndi kuti Dziko la Soviet Union kuti nthawi chinaikidwa m'manja apolisi, ndipo onse. Ku sukulu ya mkaka amabweretsa kuganiza kuti dziko lonse padzikoli wazunguliridwa ndi adani, kunja onse - imperialist "mayiko kaplagerya" ndipo mkati - saboteurs amene upandu. Izi "mdani wa anthu" zikhoza kukhala nzika iliyonse, ndipo anthu ambiri akhagopa oimira wapadera wamphamvuzonse mphamvu kapangidwe - ndi Cheka, NKVD, kenako KGB.

Mokomera chakuti Ulamuliro - izi ndi Stalinism, ndipo chimasonyeza dongosolo lina chipani cha boma. The Party Communist wa absolutism maganizo umabala - lililonse "deviationism" mwankhanza kuzunzidwa. mabungwe onse, atolankhani ndi maphunziro imvera chipani ofala. Nzika zonse zili akumanidwa ufulu dissent. Economy ndi Lamulo kwathunthu ndi boma, aliyense ogwira payekha amaona ngati kuphwanya pa mulibe malamulo oletsa ndalama mphamvu ikuyambitsa. Mu mwaunyinji ntchito yakalavula gaga (Gulag).

Choncho zimene tithe monga nostalgic athu ena akuluakulu athu? Ngati anali moyipa kwambiri, ndiye amenewa amaganiza kuti fano la "othamanga ena onse" ndi "tate wa mitundu" Stalin? Inde, Union of 1930s Union kunali ulamuliro wankhanza, koma pa nthawi ina kunali kosatheka kuti otchedwa. Kenako dongosolo Soviet, kani, akubwera pansi malongosoledwe a authoritarianism. machitidwe awiri awa undemocratic boma - authoritarianism ndi Ulamuliro - ofanana m'njira zambiri, koma kusiyana zofunika kwambiri. Dongosolo loyamba salowa kudutsa ndi kukhazikitsa ulamuliro pa mbali zonse za anthu, okha zandale ndi zauzimu ndi maganizo.

Pamene authoritarianism pali wosanjikiza anthu amene akumverera nthawi yomweyo omasuka komanso otetezeka - ntchito m'mizinda ikuluikulu mu USSR, anthu opeza pansi General de Gaulle mu France, ndi industrialists chachikulu pansi Pinochet. Chitetezo Ulamuliro asaone palibe, kupatula ochepa akulamulira. Mbiri ya zaka mazana makumi awiri lili ndi ankhanza ngati wapadera. Iye anabadwa akuti "Ulamuliro" mu Italy wa Mussolini, koma anapeza mawonetseredwe ake poipa kwambiri pang'ono patapita - mu Nazi Chachitatu Ulamuliro wa Nazi mfundo Hitler ndi Khmer Rouge, Maoism, Turkmenistan pansi Turkmenbashi ndi malingaliro a "Juche" mu Korea North