Stern wa ngalawa, kanyumba mkulu ndi omuthandizira ake, makadi ndi zipangizo

kumbuyo kwa ngalawayo mu terminology apanyanja amatchedwa akuti "kunja" ndipo kumbuyo kwa ngalawayo. Tiweramitse mbali ya alumikizana ( "thanki") ndi gawo pakati ( "m'chiuno") anapangidwa kuti akomere magulu a ntchito zofunika zida, komanso oyendetsa bongo, free wotchi. Dyetsani panyanja ndi nyanja ziwiya - Dera limeneli la cabins wa kapitawo ndi omuthandizira ake, lili aft injini chipinda chombocho, mikondo zida ndi injini. Palinso chiongolero ndipo njira yonse ulamuliro. Mu chipinda osiyana zili aft regalia, mphoto ndi miyambo zinthu chotengera.

ndi kumbuyo kwa ngalawayo chiyani?

Dyetsani boti chombo mu zaka XVIII-XIX, wolemera kamangidwe, kunja mapeto a mtengo wapatali, zambiri balustrades ndi cornices chosema. Mkati mwa malo a chakudya ndi kusenza zizindikiro wamataya, simenti okongola okongola, malinga ndi denga pomangira wopukutidwa ananyamula. Stern chombo - ichi ndi mbali yaikulu ya izo m'zonse.

shipbuilding Makampani British, omwe akhala akupondereza msika ngalawa, galleons, clippers tiyi, frigates ndi corvettes, anayesa kukopa makasitomala ndi kukwera mtengo kwa kuwamaliza. Ankaona yapamwamba kumanga ngalawa cabins unabashed mwanaalirenji, ndi seaworthiness chombo nthawi zambiri anangolemba chapansipansi. Ndipo ngati kumakhaliro ngalawa inali malo abwino kwambiri makhalidwe apamwamba, kumvetsera konse kale kuti shipbuilders. malamulo makamaka mtengo anakwaniritsa Scottish olimba Scott & Linton.

Mwanaalirenji ndi zinthu

Palibe mukusautsika kuti zombo mtengo ndi staterooms wapamwamba aft zambiri anamira, nthawi zina ngakhale ndi mphepo pang'ono. The nyanja si kukhululukirana chosasamala mu kuwerengetsera ataunjikidwa mkulu mafunde chotengera pa mbali imodzi, ndipo umapita pansi pa madzi pamodzi ndi golide wolemera candelabra Table ya siliva woyenga bwino.

Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi kwambiri pa mmene mwanaalirenji ali anapambana lolingalira, ndiyo imfa ya sitima transatlantic "Titanic", umene unachitika m'chaka cha 1912. chombo inamangidwa pa doko la zombo zapanyanja shipbuilding kampani "Harland Mapeto Wolfe" mu Belfast ndipo panthawiyo anali sitima yaikulu komanso yapamwamba mu dziko. Ananyamula, gilt, silika, zojambulajambula othimbirira galasi mu cabins kalasi yoyamba, mwamwambo ili mu gawo aft wa yaikulu zapamadzi nyanja ... April 14, 1912, patatha masiku anayi chiyambi cha ulendo "Titanic" anakantha madzi oundana n'kuyamba kumira. Ubwino kutsutsa mchitidwe mwanaalirenji? Yankho la funso limeneli kutali.

Chakudya ndi injini

Mkubwela kwa injini wononga chombo zinafika kusinthidwa chakudya, contours m'madzi anayenera kukwaniritsa zomangamanga a hydrodynamics. A mbali pamwamba kumakhaliro, nayenso, zasintha kukhala kwambiri, zizindikiro mbisoweka Baroque mwanaalirenji. Pang'onopang'ono, lonse kumbuyo gawo la chombo inasanduka malo lamulo, wopanda frills, kumene zida zida m'madzi ndi mapu navigation anali anaikira.

Liwiro ndi see

Mawonekedwe a kumbuyo chotengera chimadalira pa liwiro lake ndi maneuverability. Mbali yaikulu ya limagwirira makina, yomwe ili kumakhaliro, ndi chiwongolero. Aliyense imakhala ndi mbale ofukula ndi kasinthasintha mopendekeka ndi madigiri 0 90. Iwo amagwiritsa madigiri 60 okha pa ofukula ndime kuweramira chiwongolero, otsala madigiri 30 ali m'dera "akufa" ndipo sizikugwira ntchito. Mosavuta kutembenukira alumikizana lonse sitima, pa boti kapena bwato chofunika streamlining kumbuyo kwake pa mlingo m'munsi. Ngati cholakwika mawerengedwe chakudya contours chotengera adzakhala cornering zavalivatsya pa n'kutaya liwiro.

nkhondo Naval mu zaka XVIII-XIX nthawi zonse unachitikira pa dera lomwelo, ophunzira aliyense anayesera kumuteteza chakudya kuchokera zipolopolo kugwa. Chiwonongeko aft chombo anaopseza imfa ili pafupi, chombo anachoka pa madzi mu mphindi. Ndipo ngati inu kukhala wolimba, ndiye ine kuugwira, anatengeka ndipo Mulimonsemo amwalira. kumbuyo kwa ngalawayo wakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri la izo.