Scandinavia: wamba mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe cholowa

Mawu akuti "mayiko Masewerera a Nordic" kutanthauza dera kumpoto kwa Ulaya, kaphatikizidwe Denmark, Norway, Sweden, komanso m'madera awo okhudzidwa yoyenda yokha, yomwe ili North Atlantic. Greenland ichi, Faroe Islands, Svalbard, Åland. Akatswiri ambiri amanena kuti ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ponena za onse a mayiko Masewerera a Nordic (Masewerera a Nordic), kuphatikizapo Finland ndi Iceland. Ngati tikulingalira mosamalitsa mwachirengedwe, pa Scandinavia Peninsula okha Norway, Sweden, ndi gawo kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Finland. Pali tanthauzo monga Fennoscandia. Ndi khalidwe la mayiko zathupi Hrs, womwenso Denmark, Finland, ndi Kola Peninsula ndi Karelia.

Mayiko Masewerera a Nordic chimodzi oyambirira m'mbiri (monga Russia, Ukraine ndi Belarus), makhalidwe ofanana chikhalidwe, ndipo zinthu za dziko. Chidanishi, Norway ndi Sweden m'zilembo kupanga popitilira, ndipo amaonedwa ndi matanthauzo kulephera kwa wina ndi mzake. Ngati ife kulankhula za Chifaroese ndi Chiayisilandiki (chilumba cha ku Scandinavia) zinenero, iwo kusiyana kwambiri pakati pawo - mwina yekha popanda anabwereka m'mbiri mawu mzake. Greenland zambiri wa gulu Eskimo-Aleut.

dzina "mayiko a ku Scandinavia", molingana ndi azambiriyakale ambiri, zimakhalanso latsopano. Iwo anaikidwa mu ntchito cha m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu ngati ndi mawu maufumu atatu (Denmark, Sweden, Norway), amene anali wamba mbiri, chikhalidwe ndi zinenero cholowa. Koma anatengedwa mwachangu m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ndi kukula gulu lotchedwa Pan-scandinavism, misonkhano yokopa anthu ndi ogwirizana lingaliro dziko. Iwo anali atchukitsa ayi yaing'ono zikomo mbali nyimbo yotchuka analemba Hans Mkhristu Andersen, kutanthauza anthu kwathunthu. Wolemba wotchuka atapita ake Sweden wakhala wochirikiza yogwira gululi. Iye anatumiza mnzake nyimbo ndipo analemba kuti anazindikira kuti kumagwirizana "anthu athu."

Moti etymologically dzina "mayiko Masewerera a Nordic" likugwirizana ndi dera mbiri ya Scania, limene lili kum'mwera kwa Sweden. Onse mawu, «Skåne» ndi «Skandinavien», kuchokera ku Germany muzu «Skaðin-awjō». Mu ambiri Danes, asilikali a Sweden n'kulanda ndi Norwegians - mbadwa za mafuko angapo Germany okhala kum'mwera kwa dziko la ndi gawo kumpoto kwa Germany. Iwo analankhula za Chijeremani, kenako kusinthidwa mu Old Norse (mu Ages Middle kudziwika ngati chiyankhulo cha kumpoto).

Komabe, ngakhale chinenero cha ku Finland alibe mizu ofanana ndi chinenero akale (adzaupereka kwa gulu Finno-Ugric) ayenera kuganizira mfundo yakuti Suomi mbiri ndale chikugwirizana ndi maiko onse atatu. Iceland, amene mwachangu litadzala ndi Norwegians kuyambira zaka khumi ndi 1814 anakhala gawo la Denmark, ndipo akhoza bwinobwino muphatikizidwe mu gulu la "mayiko a ku Scandinavia".

Chidwi mfundo za mbiri ambiri kwa zaka 500., panali ubwenzi mu mfundo yachilendo, popeza kuukira Higelaka, wolamulira gotov otchulidwa "Beofulfe", Gau, ndi kampeni zinalephereka kwa Mfumu ya Norway Harald III yakula England mu 1066. commonality wina ndi kukana Chikatolika (mokomera Lutheran) pa nthawi imene anali chipembedzo limodzi lonse la kumadzulo kwa Ulaya. Komanso, panali ngati milandu, pamene maufumu m'maderawa tonse tinali ogwirizana pansi kasamalidwe limodzi - mwachitsanzo, Knut Wamkulu, Magnus Wabwino. Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi kwambiri pa co-kukhalapo - Kalmar Union. Yellow-wofiira mbendera ya Union akadali ntchito zina, kaphatikizidwe Choncho Scandinavia.

Masiku ano, mayiko onse m'deralo kuti kutenga nawo mbali pa kukwezedwa olowa kudzera Union alendo, collaborating ndi mabungwe angapo (kuphatikizapo 'Scandinavia ulendo ") m'madera ambiri a dziko lapansi.