New Guinea (Island): chiyambi, maonekedwe, dera anthu. Kodi chilumba cha New Guinea?

Kuyambira nthawi makedzana Russian ndi achilendo oyendetsa anayamba kufufuza zilumba ili mu Pacific Ocean. kachitidwe achilengedwe choncho zodabwitsa ndi zachilendo kuti zambiri ankaona kuti m'maiko osiyana, ndi chikhalidwe chawo ndi moyo. Kusukulu, tonse kumbukirani kuti achiwiri kukula "Africa" mu Oceania pambuyo Greenland ndi Papua New Guinea.

chisumbu kusamba ndi nyanja zingapo: New Guinea, Solomo, Miyala, ndipo ndi Torres Strait ndi Gulf wa Papua. Tikamaphunzira mosamala zinthu zachilengedwe, chikhalidwe chawo ndi anthu ameneŵa chinkhoswe Maclay NN - Russian wasayansi ndi wofufuza amene anapanga zopereka kwambiri kuti malowo mbiri, ndi sayansi. Zikomo munthu uyu, dziko anaphunzira kuli nkhalango zakutchire ndi mafuko pachiyambi.

Komabe, maulendo kwa chilumbachi Oceania si mwankhanza anthu, ali m'chipani. Koma apaulendo amene akhala mu nkhalango m'deralo, osafikiridwa ndi chitukuko ndi mkwatulo, ndipo timasangalala kukumbukira tchuthi chanu. Olemera zomera, zosowa zinyama, mitunda chodabwitsa, kusiyana kwa zilankhulo ndi zikhalidwe anachita chidwi kwambiri ndi kukoma mwa kukumbukira. buku athu ali odzipereka kwa State.

mafotokozedwe Geographical kwa chilumba cha New Guinea

Otentha chilumba ili mu madzi Pacific Ocean, zikugwirizana magawo awiri a dziko: Asia ndi Australia. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1975, ndi boma palokha, monga mbali ya British Commonwealth ndi membala wa UN. Likulu - mzinda wa Port Moresby. Magwero a chilumba cha New Guinea kumtunda. Pafupifupi dera lonse ali ndi mapiri chachikulu, zitunda ndi miyala.

Ambiri a iwo akuchokera chiphala, mkuuka mamita 3000 pamwamba pa nyanja. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi, phiri lalitali amati William imene imafikira mamita 4509. Pakati tokhala ndi beseni lonse wodzazidwa ndi madzi, kuli mitengo otentha.

Pachilumba zimatengera mitsinje zingapo: Ramu, Sepik, Markham, Purari Mtsinje, kuwuluka. Asayansi nawo pa zokambiranazi Geological wa chisumbucho, ponena kuti Africa ali mkulu zivomerezi ntchito. Kuphulika yomaliza imene m'zaka otsiriza, imene anakhudzidwa zikwi za anthu ochita zoipa kuwonongeka chachikulu mphanje.

Pa chilumba cha New Guinea: anthu

Moyo pa zilumba zotentha zinachokera kwa zaka zikwizikwi zapitazo, tsiku lenileni la kuitana palibe amene angathe. Kalembera otsiriza chinachitika mu 1900, pa nthawi imeneyo nambalayo pafupifupi mamiliyoni 10 anthu. Anthu choyambirira ndi Papuans a mtundu yamphamvu. Kuwonjezera pa Melanesians - kamodzi anatcha mtunduwo - kunyumba kwa Asia ndipo ngakhale azungu.

Chosowa chitukuko, ntchito, ndi zinthu osauka amoyo ndi kukhalapo kwa vuto umbava ndi kukakamiza Aaborijini amasamukira ku "kumtunda" wa New Guinea. Chilumba amakhala ku miyambo yake ndi malamulo. Papuans kulenga mabanja, mafuko, akulu osankhidwa, popanda amene analandira ntchito zofunika ndi mavutowo.

Ntchito yaikulu ya anthu ndi ulimi. mafuko Wild analima dziko, mitengo ndi nthochi, kokonati, ndi pineapples, nzimbe. Osati zochepa wotchuka nsomba, kusaka. Ena mbadwa ncho zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, kenako akagulitsa pa msika wakuda.

nyengo

misa yaikulu madzi zazing'ono kukula dziko kwakhudza nyengo wonse. Kumpoto taonera chinyezi yamphamvu nyengo yodziwika ndi mvula, mphepo pang'ono. Chilimwe chikhalidwe kutentha Mitandadza +30 ... + 32 ° C usiku pang'ono adatchithisira.

Kum'mwera kwa Africa ndi pansi pa ulamuliro wa zone kum'mwera kwa Sahara nyengo. M'miyezi yozizira (January ndi February) chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mphepo yamphamvu pachilumba cha Papua New Guinea. Island, kapena m'malo kum'mwera chakum'mawa (May-August) ndi chigawo chapakati, mwamphamvu anatsanulira mvula otentha.

Onse a m'dera la m'mphepete mwa nyanja (lowland) akukumana chilala mpaka autumn mochedwa. Kumadera ndi mapiri atali, ndi zitunda akutsikira pang'ono mvula, kuyambira ntchito wapamwamba chotchinga zoteteza ndi misa ozizira mpweya ndi mvula.

Kupeza ndalama

mpumulo zitunda kumathandiza misewu ikuluikulu ndi kulumikiza misewu. Malinga pano palibe kugwirizana pansi ndi mayiko akuluakulu a boma la New Guinea. Chilumba ali polumikizira mpweya kwa Pacific. Pakuti yokonza ndi chitukuko cha boma mu Oceania amalandira thandizo la ndalama kuchokera Australia.

Komabe, zomangamanga ukhala pa mlingo chigumula. chifukwa chachikulu Kulephera kwa lamulo ya m'deralo. Upandu ndi nkhondo zapachiŵeniŵeni linaphulika akumidzi. Pofuna kuteteza chuma chawo ku wakubayu ndi kuwonongedwa, anthu kulenga ammudzi.

The ntchito yaikulu ya anthu ndi ulimi. Choncho, womangidwa asapita msika pakati pa mafuko ndi zigawo. M'madera phiri, nakulitsa mbatata, tiyi, lowland - masamba, nthochi, yams, taro. Kukula mbewu monga chimanga, zipatso, khofi ndi chokoleti mitengo yosiyanasiyana. Kuchita nyama husbandry. Papua New Guinea muli chuma mchere. Mwakhama osauka makampani migodi.

Flora

Dera la chilumba cha New Guinea ali ndi udzu yobiriwira. M'nkhalango kukula mitengo yofunika kwambiri ya zomera ndi mitengo relict: sago ndi kokonati kanjedza, papaya ndi breadfruit, mango, labala, zomera mphira, nsungwi, pandanus, casuarinas. Monga mbali ya m'nkhalango zimachitika paini ndi Mumapezekanso. Ndipo pa marshland kukula mitengo kakwamba. Pa magombe a mtsinje munakwanisa kuona m'nkhalango nzimbe.

zomera

Wolemera zosiyanasiyana zomera. Mitsinje m'dera mumakhala ng'ona, njoka zoopsa ndi oopsa ndi abuluzi ndi chameleons. zomera The ukufanizidwa ndi tizilombo chodabwitsa, mbalame zosowa ndi zokwawa. Kumtunda, anthu mbalame za paradaiso, cassowaries, nkhunda korona, Zinkhwe lalikulu. M'bali ya lalikulu kamba kukwawa. M'nkhalango pali yoongoka marsupials, kangaroos couscous. Am'deralo zimaswana nyama bwino kuti dera wathu: nkhumba, ng'ombe, mahatchi, mbuzi ndi ziweto zina.

malo alendo

apaulendo mwaphamphu kudziwa kumene chilumba cha New Guinea, choncho amakonda kuno mu miyezi yotentha kuona zokongola ndi osiyanasiyana dziko la m'nkhalango. Mu miyezi yotentha pali m'bungwe yosangalatsa zikondwerero ndi kuvina dziko anthuwa. Chimakopa ambiri kukawona tchuthi ku nkhalango ya kuthengo ndi kalozera m'deralo, winayo - ankadziwa zowoneka a pogwiritsa yapafupi.

Kodi kuchita?

Pogula ulendo ku chilumba kumtunda kwa Papua New Guinea, onetsetsani kuti kupita kuk. Aliyense hotelo ndi hotelo kupereka ntchito zofanana. Pacific Ocean - ndi amazipanga zokongola dziko lokhala ndi moti matanthwe, zolengedwa zodabwitsa nyanja, ogwirira lalikulu. Pansi pa nyanja, mukhoza kuona zombo olowa ndi ndege.

Osati zochepa wotchuka kukasambira ndipo windsurfing. Magombe bwino makalasi ameneŵa ali pogwiritsa m'mphepete mwa nyanja Wewak, Madang, Vanimo, Alotau. Madzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja saloledwa kukawedza, kuposa chinkhoswe ndi alendo kwa chilumbachi. Amalowerera kukakwera nsomba ya makerele, trevally chimphona, sobakozubogo nsomba, barracuda, nsomba, nsomba ndi zikho zina zambiri. A kufunika yaikulu rafting zoyera madzi, canoeing, kayaking, bwato maulendo.

Papua New Guinea - chodabwitsa chilengedwe cha dziko, ambiri a zinsinsi ndi tayaschee kunyengedwa chuma chawo. Ngati simuli mantha udzudzu uyo otentha ndi mwamakani khalidwe Papuans, ndiye omasuka kugula ulendo wa chilumba chokongola.