Ndi kontinenti wachiwiri kukula kwa Earth chiyani?

Africa yaikulu pa dziko ndi Europe ndi ku Asia. Ndipo kodi Africa wachiwiri kukula? A yankho zambiri pa funso limeneli nkhani imeneyi. Atamaliza kuliwerenga, muphunzira za dera malo, nyengo, mbali mtunda, anthu, mitsinje ndi nyanja m'dzikoli.

Africa - Africa wachiwiri kukula kwa dzikoli. Malo ndi za miliyoni 30,33 mamita lalikulu. Km, ngati inu monga mu zilumba pafupi. Okwana izi ndi pafupifupi 22% ya m'dera lonse la dziko lapansili. Achiwiri kukula Africa, omwe intersects equator, ndi wachiwiri waukulu. Pafupifupi 12% ya anthu padziko lonse mu 1990 ankakhala Africa (pafupifupi mamiliyoni 642 anthu). Malinga ndi deta ya 2011, chiwerengero cha anthu chawonjezeka anthu mamiliyoni 994. Mtsogoleri yamphamvu mawu alionse ku Asia.

Kutalika m'dzikoli

Africa, wapafupi equator motsatizana pa mtunda 8050 Km from mfundo kwambiri kumpoto, ndilo Cape El-Abyad (Tunisia) kwa kum'mwera kwambiri (Cape Agulhas ili South Africa). M'lifupi lalikulu m'dzikoli, kuchokera mpaka kum'mawa kwa hafun ku Somalia kuti Cape Almadies ku Senegal, inali kumadzulo, ndi za 7560 Km. Kilimanjaro ku Tanzania, zonse yokutidwa ndi chipale chofewa, amaona chimbuzi cha Africa izi (5895 m). nyanja A ndi Assal wotsikitsitsa (153 mamita pansi pa nyanja). Zonse m'mphepete mwa nyanja khalidwe la Africa. Mozungulira 30 490 Km wa m'litali okwana. Malinga ndi chiŵerengero cha m'dera la mzere kutalika n'chakuti poyerekeza ndi cha m'mayiko ena.

Zimachititsa chilumbachi ndi anthu

Lathyathyathya mtunda lililonse kwa Africa. Pali zingapo m'mapiri ndi yopapatiza m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndege. Childs, Africa lagawidwa pamodzi Sahara chipululu, yaikulu mu dziko. Iwo ali ambiri a kumpoto m'dzikoli. Region la Africa North ndi maiko ili kumpoto kwa chipululu ichi. Pakati pawo - limati ikuluikulu ndi lalikulu monga Algeria ndi Egypt. Anthu amene amakhala apa afufuza kuposa anthu a mayiko kum'mwera. Mu gawo zimenezi chifukwa chakuti m'dera limeneli mwa mtsinje wa Nailo, motalikitsa mu dziko.

Sub-Saharan Africa kumakhala anthu ambiri a m'dzikoli. m'dera Ichi chikudziwika ngati Africa cha kum'mwera kwa Sahara. Africa East m'dera zimenezi zimaphatikizapo m'mayiko monga Uganda, Somalia ndi Ethiopia. Kumene, taona yekha yaikulu. Pakati pa West ndi Central African mayiko - Cameroon, Angola, Nigeria, Ghana. Iyi ndi Democratic Republic of Congo. South Africa zikuphatikizapo Namibia, Lesotho ndi Botswana.

Africa wachiwiri kukula kwa dzikoli wazunguliridwa ndi zilumba zambiri. Madagascar ndi waukulu kwambiri kuposa iwo. Iwo unali kum'mwera chakum'mawa m'dzikoli. Africa wonse chimakwirira m'mayiko pafupifupi 50, kuchokera Nigeria (anthu - miliyoni 127) m'maboma kakang'ono.

Mbiri ya kuthetsa Chile

Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti moyo pa dziko anayamba pakati 5 miliyoni ndi 8 zapitazo. Apa panali ufumu Igupto, mmodzi wa chitukuko yoyamba. Kuposa 5 zikwi. Zaka zapitazo, iye anali ogwirizana. Komabe, zaka Africa zapitazi 500 ankalamulidwa ndi kulimbana mitundu ndi ndale, kulamulira yachilendo. Zonsezi kupewedwa chitukuko chikhalidwe ndi mafakitale.

chuma cha Africa

chuma cha Africa - ndi underdeveloped kwambiri (kupatula Antarctica). Nthambi zikuluzikulu za adakali ulimi. Mliri ndi njala inakula kusowa kwa ogwira ntchito kuchipatala ndi osasamalika misewu. Africa wachiwiri kukula ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe, ndi katundu wa yemwe ali mmodzi wa mbali yofunika kwambiri ya chuma. Wa ndalama zakunja kapena katundu chuma chimodzi kapena zingapo zimadalira m'mayiko ambiri African.

Culture African

Chikhalidwe cha Africa izi osiyanasiyana. Nawa za zinenero zikwi zosiyana ndi mafuko. Ku Africa ndi asapita yofunika mafuko. Koma ambiri ndi wakuda, koma palinso zambiri Aluya ku Ulaya, Asia ndi Berbers. Ndi chikhalidwe m'mizinda, njira Western a moyo ndi malonda ali pafupi kumidzi chikhalidwe ndi njira zake mafuko a moyo, chipembedzo ndi ulimi.

Literature, luso ndi nyimbo kwambiri osati kwa Africa, koma analinso ndi chikoka chachikulu pa onse chikhalidwe dziko. kaimbidwe African Mwachitsanzo, motsogoleredwa ndi amakono masitaelo Western nyimbo Pop monga maganizo, jazi.

Ambiri a mitundu ina okhala Africa wachiwiri kukula, kuyambira 1950 ufulu wodzilamulira. Iye anabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu, kuphatikizapo kukhazikitsidwa kwa demokalase maboma Mipikisano phwando.

nyengo

Africa wachiwiri kukula chifukwa malo Hrs ndi yotentha pa dziko. Africa amalandira ndalama yaikulu ya dzuwa ndi kutentha kuposa mayiko ena. Kwa chaka chonse, dzuwa ndi pamwamba m'chizimezime pakati kotentha, ndipo nthawi 2 chaka ndi pachimake pa mfundo iliyonse. Chifukwa chakuti equator mitanda pafupifupi pakati pa Africa, n'kupita nyengo, kupatula kunyanja, kawiri mobwerezabwereza m'gawo lake.

yamphamvu lamba

lamba Izi zikuphatikizapo gombe la Gulf a Guinea ndi beseni ndi. Congo. Nyengo kunyanja amakhala ndi mosalekeza. M'mawa ndi zambiri mitambo. Chifukwa chakuti pamwamba pansi amakhala otentha kwambiri tsiku, chinyezi wodzala ndi mpweya iri yofulumira pansi yamphamvu. Popeza n'kupanga mitambo cumulus. Mvula yopuma masana. Nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi mabingu amphamvu ndi namondwe. Mitengo, poyamba anaima modekha, ndi isanayambike mkuntho akugwedeza uku, monga ngati pompano kubudula m'mipando yawo. Komabe, mizu yolimba salola iwo kuchoka pansi. Kung'anima kwa mphezi. Koma patapita mphindi pang'ono pambuyo m'nkhalango kachiwiri majestically ndi mwakachetechete. Madzulo kachiwiri akubwera ngwe.

subequatorial

Band subequatorial lonse. Ndi maziko woyendera nthambi nyengo yamphamvu. Pali kuima nyengo awiri - m'chilimwe chonyowa nyengo youma. The mvula akubwera, pamene dzuwa ndi pachimake. Umayamba mwadzidzidzi. Savannah kwa masabata atatu anatsanulira utuluke madzi. Onse mphako, mphako ndi madzi, kukhathamitsa louma lapansi. Savannah ali ndi udzu.

The Sahara chipululu

Kutalika kwa mvula ndi kuchuluka chilimwe mpweya cha kotentha kuchepa. Otentha lamba ali M'madera a zitunda otentha ili mu hemispheres onse. Mu Africa North, kwambiri youma. Apa ndi wouma ndi kutentha dera sikuti America, koma dziko lonse. Izi ndi Sahara chipululu. M'chilimwe mutentha kwambiri, pafupifupi wopanda mitambo kumwamba ake. 70 ° C mkangano pamwamba pa mchenga ndi miyala. Air kutentha zambiri kuposa 40 ° C.

Usiku chifukwa cha kusowa mitambo mpweya ndi padziko lapansi mofulumira utakhazikika. Choncho, pali miyambo ina yofanana lalikulu kwambiri kutentha tsiku. Youma mpweya otentha masana ndi nthawi yopumula. The mizu zitsamba zouma ndi miyala zobisika mphako wa zamoyo zonse. Chipululu pa nthawi Zikuoneka kuti akufa. Chilimwe zambiri mphepo yamphamvu, ndilo lotchedwa sandstorm. Amachichita mitambo ya mchenga. Mu maso kubwera milu moyo, sizingafanane m'chizimezime, kuphatikizapo pabuka Chifunga dzuwa zikuoneka fireball. Maso, mphuno ndi mkamwa anaphulitsa mchenga. Chovuta kukhala munthu amene alibe nthawi ndi nthawi kuti akabisale ku mkuntho.

zone torrid

Otentha lamba la South Africa ali ndi malo ochepa. Iwo ukutsika mvula kuposa Sahara (chifukwa mmene wocheperapo mu South Africa kuchokera kumadzulo kupita kum'mawa). Makamaka ambiri a iwo mu malo ya Drakensberg Mountains, pa malo otsetsereka a kum'mawa, ndi kum'mawa kwa chilumba cha Madagascar, kumene mvula kumabweretsa mphepo kum'mwera easterly ku nyanja. Komabe, mvula samaoneka pa Atlantic gombe. chakuti mafunde ozizira a m'nyanja, zomwe zidzachitike pa gombe kum'mwera kumadzulo, kuchepetsa kutentha mpweya m'dera la m'mphepete mwa nyanja m'dzikoli, amene kumathandiza mvula. ozizira mpweya ndi lolemererapo, ankawonjezereka, simungathe kuwuka ndi kukupatsa mvula. Mame anakhala pamene kutentha ndiyekhayo wa hydration.

zone subtropical

Kumpoto kwambiri ndi kumwera kwa Africa la zili mabacteria subtropical. Kodi otentha yotentha (+ 27-28 ° C) ndipo ndi yozizira (+ 10-12 ° C). Zonse zimenezi kumathandiza kuti zochita za anthu. 2 waukulu Africa amalandira wambirimbiri kutentha. Izi amakonda kulima mbewu ofunika otentha monga koko, khofi, mafuta ndi kanjedza, nthochi, pineapples ndi zina.

madzi kumtunda

2 waukulu Africa lili ndi mitsinje yambiri. Pa Africa ndi kufalitsidwa mtsinje maukonde ndi m'goli. Achiwiri kukula Africa, dzina - Africa, yodziwika ndi chakuti pafupifupi hafu ya dera ake pamwamba mkati ngalande.

Nile

Nile - mtsinje yaitali padziko (6671 km). Wasefukira lonse la Afrika, ndilo Africa wachiwiri kukula - Africa. The mtsinje zimachokera ku mapiri African East, akuyenderera nyanja. Victoria. Kuthamangira pansi pa maphompho, Neil njira chapamwamba ndipamene mathithi ndi pamakomo. Pa zigwa, iye amayendapo modekha komanso pang'onopang'ono. Mu gawo ili la mtsinje amatchedwa White Nile. Mu Khartoum izo merges ndi madzi akuyenda kuchokera mapiri ku Aitiopiya waukulu tributary wotchedwa Blue Nile. Pambuyo Blue ndi Belyy Nil agwirizane ku mtsinje ndi onse kuposa kawiri ndi kukatenga dzina la Nile.

Komabe, izi si chokha n'chimene mtsinje, zomwe ziyenera anati, polongosola Africa wachiwiri kukula kwa dziko lapansi. Ife kufotokoza ena.

Congo

Congo - mtsinje kuya mu Africa ndi wachiwiri yaitali (4320 km). Ndi dera, dziwe ndi yonyowa ndi kuwonjezera pa Amazon. Mu malo awiri mtsinje mitanda ya equator. Chaka chonse chochuluka.

Niger

The Mbali yachitatu ndi kutalika kwa dziwe ndi Niger. Izi mtsinje lowland ku malire pakati ndipo m'munsi ndi chapamwamba zambiri mathithi ndi mathithi. Niger mu madera ambiri Mitanda louma m'madera kusewera yofunika kwambiri mu ulimi.

Zambezi

Zambezi - waukulu wa mitsinje African kupita mu Indian Ocean. Ndi Victoria Falls, mmodzi wa waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Lonse mtsinje (za 1800 meters), mtsinje kugwa kuchokera Chigawo (amene kutalika - 120 m) mu gorge yopapatiza, kudutsa njira yake. Kubangula ndi phokoso la mathithi akhoza anamva kutali kwambiri.

nyanja African

Koma nyanja, pafupifupi onse akuluakulu a iwo ali pa malo okwera African East, mu zoni vuto. Choncho ku chigwa cha nyanja ya nawo mawonekedwe elongated. Iwo zambiri m'mphepete mwa mapiri otsetsereka ndi mkulu. Ali akuya kwambiri yaitali. Mwachitsanzo, ndi m'lifupi mwake 50-80 Km Nyanja Tanganyika yaitali akutambasula 650 Km. Awa ndi yaitali kunyanja ya dziko la madzi oyera. Mwakuya ake (mamita 1435), ndi yokha ndiyo Nyanja ya Baikal.

Nyanja Victoria - yaikulu ndi malo Africa. Beseni ndi mu denga ufa wake nsanja osati walakwitsa. Choncho, osaya (40 m), magombe a irregularity ake ndi canopies.

Nyanja Chad utaphwa. kuya kwake ndi mamita 4-7. Malinga ndi litulukira loyenda m'dambo mtsinje ndi kusintha kwake m'dera mwadzidzidzi. Mu nthawi mvula, chinawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi theka. Mwamphamvu pfunde kugombe la nyanja iyi.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa zomwe 2 waukulu Africa la dziko lathuli. Ngakhale kuti zimene akufotokoza akhoza wodzilemekeza ndi zokhuza iye waperekedwa pamwamba.