Prerequisites, ndithudi ndi zotsatira za Nagorno-Karabakh nkhondo

Nagorno-Karabakh nkhondo 1991-1994 ankanena miyoyo ya anthu oposa 40 zikwi. Izi nkhondo yapachiweniweni anakhala munthu woyamba positi-Soviet danga. Ndipo kwambiri wamagazi. Gawo yogwira wa Nagorno-Karabakh nkhondoyo inatha mu 1994, koma kukondera mtendere sizinapezekebe. Ngakhale masiku ano, asilikali a mayiko onse ali mu zonse nkhondowo okonzeka.

Magwero a Nagorno-Karabakh nkhondo

A chofunika wa wosamwerana madzi uyu akupita ku chiyambi cha XX atumwi, pamene pambuyo mapangidwe boma Soviet la Azerbaijan SSR yoyenda yokha Nagorno-Karabakh dera, amene makamaka litadzala ndi Armenia wakhala m'gulu. Patatha zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri a anthu Chiameniya akadali anapambana pano. Mu 1988 zinali pafupifupi 75% ndi 23% wa Azerbaijanis (2% anali Russian ndi mayiko ena). Pakuti ndithu nthawi yaitali a ku Armenia mu dera zonse anasonyeza madandaulo zochita yotsalidwa a boma la Azerbaijan. Yogwira pano ndi kukambirana nkhani ya reunification la Nagorno-Karabakh ndi Armenia. Kutha kwa Soviet Union anatsogolera chakuti maganizo mwamphamvu pa chilichonse anayimitsa kumbuyo. udani nonse itakula monga kale, ndipo zimenezi zinachititsa kuti chiyambi cha Nagorno-Karabakh nkhondo.

Mu 1988, bungwe la akuluakulu a nyumba yamalamulo wa dera yoyenda yokha ya Nagorno-Karabakh msonkhano referendum imene anthu ambiri a anakuvoterani kujowina Armenia. Malinga ndi zotsatira za Kuvota Bungwe la akuluakulu anafunsa maboma wa USSR, Azerbaijan ndi mayiko Chiameniya mphamvu ndondomeko. N'zoona sanazichite kusangalala ndi mbali Chiazebajani. M'mayiko onse, mwansanga onse anayamba kulankhula zambiri pa maziko a ndewu interethnic. The kupha choyamba chinachitika ndi pogroms. Pamaso kugwa kwa mphamvu Soviet boma mwanjira sachedwa isanayambike nkhondo zikuluzikulu, koma mu 1991 mphamvu zimenezi zisinthe mwadzidzidzi.

Patsogolo mu Nagorno-Karabakh nkhondo

Pambuyo kulephera kwa August zokhumba zinadziwika kamodzi tsogolo la Soviet Union. Ndipo mu Caucasus, zinthu inafalikira kwa malire. Mu September 1991, ku Armenia mozemba analengeza ufulu wa Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, kupanga nthawi yomweyo kothandiza kwambiri asilikali ndi thandizo la utsogoleri Chiameniya, komanso diasporas ena ndi Russian. Chomaliza koma osati chosafunikira n'zotheka zikomo ubale wabwino ndi Moscow. Pa nthawi yomweyo, boma latsopano la Baku, anatsogolera lamulo rapprochement ndi Turkey, amene wayambitsa mavuto ndi likulu posachedwapa mwini. Mu May 1992, ku Armenia asilikali anakwanitsa kubooleza Azerbaijan kulowera, mphamvu yokhala ndi mipanda yolimba mdani ndi kufikira malire a Armenia. Chiazebajani asilikali, nayenso anatha kutenga dera la kumpoto kwa Nagorno Karabakh.

Komabe, m'chaka cha 1993, asilikali Chiameniya-Karabakh anagwira ntchito yatsopano imene zinachititsa m'manja mwawo sanali kokha gawo lonse la kudziyimira pawokha dzulo, komanso gawo la Azerbaijan. Kugonjetsedwa ankhondo a m'mbuyomu zinachititsa chakuti mu Baku m'ma 1993, unagonjetsedwa ndi mtundu ovomereza-Turkey Pulezidenti Elchibey, ndipo malo ake anatengedwa ndi chithunzi wakale wa ku nthawi Soviet, Heydar Aliyev. Latsopano mutu wa boma ali kwambiri bwino kugona ndi limati pambuyo Soviet, limodzi ndi CIS. Adziwerenga ndi mwagwirizana kumvetsa ndi mbali Chiameniya. Ankhondo kuzungulira kudziyimira pawokha kale chinakhalapo mpaka May 1994, kenako Karabakh nkhondo ngwazi anaika pansi zida zawo. Atangochoka armistice anali Mukalowa mu Bishkek.

The chifukwa cha mkangano

Mu zaka wotsatira, mosalekeza kupita kukambirana brokered ndi France, Russia ndi United States. Komabe iye anamaliza mpaka lero. Ngakhale Armenia imalimbikitsa kuti reunification wa enclave wa anthu Chiameniya ku mbali yaikulu ya izo, Azerbaijan akulimbikira pa mfundo za Kupititsa wokhulupirika ndi inviolability ya malire.