Oundana Russia: mndandanda ndi zithunzi. Mountain oundana Russia

Zofunika kubwezeretsanso mitsinje onse a dziko kusewera kuwundana. 16 miliyoni sq. Km - kotero malo okwana ndi pafupifupi 11% ya malo okwana dziko. Iwo ali nkhokwe yaikulu madzi abwino. Mu Russia, nambala yaikulu iwo, malo pafupifupi 60 zikwi sq. M. Km. Oundana Russia lagawidwa mitundu iwiri, malinga ndi njira mapangidwe awo:

• ❖ kuyanika. Ichi ndi ambiri kachitidwe glacial mu dziko. Zikuphatikizapo ayezi Franz Josef Land, Novaya Zemlya, Severnaya Zemlya ndi zilumba zina Arctic. Wapakati makulidwe a zilumba mu Ocean Arctic - kuchokera mamita 100 mpaka 300. Iwo kusunga nkhokwe chachikulu cha madzi abwino.
• Russia phiri oundana. nawo malo okwana - 5%. Izi kudzikundikira glacial mapiri a Caucasus, ndi Urals, Kamchatka. Uyambike awo m'pofunika kuti izi ziwiri: kutentha zoipa mpweya ndi wambirimbiri mpweya. Nthawi zambiri, ngati mapiri zambiri mvula, iwo limodzi ndi nyengo yofunda.

A zosiyanasiyana oundana

Classifications madzi oundana, kuphatikizapo phiri, pali zambiri. Kodi mitundu ya iwo angapezeke mu dziko lathu?

• Chipale yamawangamawanga. Chipale kudzikundikira mu zigwa osaya ndi otsetsereka.
• Oundana mwatsatane otsetsereka. Chipale misa akusonkhanitsa m'tsinde mwa mapiri mthunzi ndi kudyetsedwa ndi zigumukire.
• Atapachikidwa oundana. Ili pa malo otsetsereka phompho, monga ngati sveshivayas pa izo. Iwo ali kukula yaing'ono, koma ndi oopsa chifukwa iwo akhoza kutha.
• Cirque oundana. Chipale misa kreslovidnyh zigwa ndi phompho kumbuyo khoma.
• Oundana nsonga chiphala. Alanda pamwamba pa phiri.
• Peremetnoe oundana. Iwo ali ndi magwero ofanana - pamwamba pa lokwera, koma pamtengo mu kutsidya lina la izo.
• Chinorowe mtundu. Mtundu wa ayezi ndi kusintha kuchokera m'phiri coverslip lapansi. zisoti Ice yachonde-monga nsonga kufalikira pansi. Atafika m'mbali yeniyeni focal akutsikira.
• Valley zili zigwa phiri.

Russia Mountain oundana sali ofanana kukula. Ena odulidwa, ena kuwonjezeka, pali anthu amene kusintha malo awo, akuyenda. ndi bwino Russian oundana waukulu? List of 5 machitidwe yaikulu phiri ndi ayezi osatha ndi motere.

Caucasus

Ndi malo aakulu kwambiri chifukwa kudzikundikira oundana phiri. Pa mbali Russian wa Caucasus, mwachitsanzo pa otsetsereka ake kumpoto, anaikira misa yaikulu, malo okwana 1400 sq km. Izo ziri zoposa 2,000 oundana. Iwo makamaka wamfupi, mpaka 1 kV. makilomita awiri. The glacier waukulu mu Russia - kuipidwa ya Mount Elbrus mu Kabardino-Balkaria, malo oposa 120 mamita lalikulu. Km. Inanso yaikulu achisanu pachimake mu Caucasus - pamwamba ndi zinatha kuphulika Kazbek. Ndi apa kuti pali oposa 60% ya onse Caucasus ayezi. Mbali yapadera ndi khalidwe lawo ya m'mapiri. Mbali Russian nsonga achisanu Wamkulu. Caucasus lili otsetsereka ake kumpoto, ndi zambiri yosalala ndi anawonjezera, motsutsana ndi South. Pali oposa 70% ya Wamkulu Caucasus ayezi. Kumwera phompho ndi phompho otsetsereka, izo chisanu 30% Caucasus mapiri. Kufunika glaciation wa lokwera uyu ali kudyetsa mitsinje kutenga chiyambi apa. Izi tributary ya Kuban Mtsinje - White, Zelenchuk Labani - ndi mtsinje Terek - Ardon, Urukh, Baksan. Kuwundana kwa Caucasus Mountains abwerere ndipo m'mbuyo. Ngakhale kuchepa pang'ono, mphamvu ya mitsinje akudwala izo. Kwa zaka mlingo wa mzere chisanu wauka ndi masentimita 70-75. Nthawi zina pali yochepa isanayambike ayezi m'madera ena.

Altai

Mu malo yachiwiri pa mndandanda wa kuwundana lalikulu dziko ili Altai chisanu. Apa, kum'mwera kwa Siberia, pafupifupi 1,500 nyumba, umene zatenga malo oposa 900 mamita lalikulu. Km. Kuwundana yaikulu pa Katun, South ndi North-Chui Chui zitunda. misa Large ali anaikira pa phiri Belukha chimene chimachokera kwambiri Altai Katun Mtsinje ndi makhwawa wake. malo awa akhala kwambiri ankakonda ndi otchuka ndi okwera onse pa Altai. Apa ndi Akkem glacier. Ena amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi mphamvu yapadera, ndipo anapatsa alendo ake ake. Wina pachimake achisanu a Altai - Aktru. Phiri wotchuka kusiyana waukulu kwambiri kutentha. M'chilimwe pali kutentha kosati, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira - ozizira kwambiri. Pa Aktru ankaona mfundo iyi ya lokolo ozizira. Kutentha ndiye kugwa kwa opanda 62ºS. Koma ngakhale ndi zinthu zovuta nyengo zambiri pofuna kuona oundana izi Russia. Zithunzi za malo ndi chidwi.

Kamchatka

Modern glaciation Peninsula ali ndi sikelo kwambiri. Chipale misa ndi lalikulu kuposa mu Caucasus. Iwo chifukwa cha zokhudza 450, malo okwana zoposa 900 sq. Km. Chamene pa chapakati manambala ndi Klyuchevskoy gulu. Russia madzi oundana Kamchatka ndi mbali chidwi. Iwo ali ndi caldera otchedwa, mwa njira ya maphunziro. Iwo anapanga mu caldera ndi zimaphala la mapiri ndi zitunda, amene ali pa chilumba chachikulu kuchuluka. Mu Kamchatka, nyengo yofunda ndi waufupi, ndi matalala imene imagwera pa nsonga mapiri, alibe nthawi kusungunula. Mbali ina ya chisanu cha Kamchatka - malo awo otsika. Oundana adzatsika kuchokera pamwamba ndi kutalika mamita 1600. Chofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa chisanu ali mapiri. Pa kuphulika ya kuwundana yogwira ndi kusungunuka, ndi kusungunula madzi odzazidwa mtsinje.

Koryak manambala

Limatchedwanso ndi Koryak okwera. Ili mu East Asia, izo likuthandiza Chukotka Autonomous District ndi Kamchatka Gawo. Chiwerengero cha oundana pano - 1330, ndipo malo awo oposa 250 sq. Km. Koryak okwera tichipeza ranges lalifupi ndi zitunda, amene kuyambira kumpoto kwa chakumadzulo lapansi. Oundana Russian Far East, elongated, mpaka 4 Km m'litali. Iwo zili otsika kwambiri, mpaka pansi pa mzere chisanu, pa msinkhu wa mamita 700-1000. Ichi ndi chifukwa nyengo ndi umakhala pafupi pa nyanja ozizira. glacier wina ku Russia - Ice Mountain - mfundo zake lapamwamba kwambiri pa mamita 2562.

Mapiri Suntar-Hayata

oundana izi zili mu Russian Yakutia ndi Khabarovsk Krai. Pali ndalama zambiri 208 okwana oposa 200 Km sq. Ridge anatambasula chifukwa 450 Km, ndipo mfundo zake apamwamba - phiri Cape Khaya - pafupifupi 3000 meters. Komanso oundana, apa za 800 sq. tyrynov Km. Kotero ife timachitcha lalikulu yaitali chisanu, amene anapanga pa kuzizira pansi. The makulidwe a ayezi amenewa ndi zambiri za 8 mamita. Suntar-Hayata - ndi okulira pa mitsinje yaikulu ya Siberia monga Indigirka, Aldan, ndipo Nyanja beseni Okhotsk.