Okuluwika - kodi ndi kumene ntchito? Zining'a Chirasha

N'zovuta kulingalira mawu imene iye sanamve ngale monga mawu otchuka, Zining'a. Izi chuma cha chinenero chilichonse, ulemerero wake. Kuphunzira Mawu zoyenera nthambi lonse la zilankhulo - phraseology.

Kodi mawu okuluwika?

Philologist mu chiwerengero chachikulu cha mawu yowala ndi wapadera chimatanthauza mitundu itatu kasinthasintha: phraseological osakaniza, mgwirizano ndi maphatikizidwe. Otsiriza - ichi ndi mawu okuluwika. maphatikizidwe ndi chiyani? okuluwika ichi, chimene semantically wogawanika, mwachitsanzo. E. Mtengo wake si zichokera kwa tanthauzo la mawu ake constituent. Zining'a ambiri zigawo zikuluzikulu kale chakale mtundu kapena nzeru, tsopano si bwino.

Bright chitsanzo chokwanira ndi mawu akuti "lochedwa". Izo ntchito pamene ndikufuna ndikuuzeni kuti munthu ali chabe, nkomwe kuganiza, kodi likundikanikizira ndi chifukwa chake n'kofunika kumenya. Kale zinali zomvetsa ntchito zosavuta kuti sikutanthauza luso kapena luso, mphamvu ya ngakhale mwana: chidutswa cha nkhuni unagawika akusowekapo, amene ndiye mwini zotsimikizira ziwiya zosiyanasiyana zapakhomo monga spoons matabwa.

Mawu akuti "okuluwika" kuchokera Greek wakale anamasuliridwa kuti "chizindikiro apachiyambi," "loba wapadera." Mwa njira, kodi okuluwika, izo zikusonyezedwa bwino ulendo pomasulira liwiro mu zilankhulo. Kupanga izo zosatheka, monga iwo amati, ndi kusewera untranslatable pa mawu.

Ntchito Zining'a mu mabuku

Ndikovuta kulingalira ntchito iliyonse yomwe akanapatsidwa ntchito Zining'a. Zolembalemba popanda kugwiritsa ntchito awo amasandulika yowawitsa ndi looneka yokumba. Zining'a chinenero cha Chirasha motero moyo mu izo, nthawi zina analibe ngakhale zindikirani pa nthawi ya ntchito.

Taganizirani ndi kukambirana zimene munthu kuuza wina za chuma ena gulu lina, akhoza kufotokoza yaitali olemera. Nthawi zambiri anali kuika mwachidule ndi momveka bwino kuti: "Inde ali ndalama kwa moto," monga Mwachitsanzo, zimapangitsa heroine mu sewerolo ndi Alexander Ostrovsky "anthu Ake - liwerengedwa."

Anapeza kuti mawu ndi Chekhov, ndi Shmelev, ndi upamwamba zina ndi olemba. Ndipo izi, ndithudi, si chotero okuluwika wamba. Zitsanzo zikhoza anabweretsa wamphamvu.

Mbali yofunika kwambiri phraseology ndi zophiphiritsira chabe, wophiphiritsa khalidwe lawo. Academician N. M. Shansky ngakhale anawapatsa tanthauzo la monga "ntchito kakang'ono luso." Ingathandize popanda zilombo zikuluzikulu?

Ntchito Zining'a pa TV

Masiku ano manyuzipepala ndi magazini kuyesera kupereka zipangizo zawo ulaliki expressiveness, expressiveness. chilankhulo Media limayenda ndi luso liwiro azilandira osati kudziwa chinthu kapena chodabwitsa, komanso kusonyeza Ziwerengero olemba awo. Iwo emotionality 'ntchito' ya phraseology. makhalidwe awo zinchito ndi stylistic ankagwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana Mitundu ya utolankhani.

Zining'a Chirasha m'munda wa atolankhani "amalola kuti" kusinthanitsa iwo mawu komanso kuwonjezera kapena musawachitire iwo, kuti kwakukulukulu likutsutsana ndi mfundo za sayansi ndi maganizo kapangidwe ka phraseology. Izi zachitika kuti apeze zinachitikira kutero.

Choncho, atolankhani angathetsedwe "zotsogola" Zining'a monga "zikhumbo kwambiri asonkhezere" m'malo mwa anakhazikitsa "asonkhezere zilakolako", "chabwino lather khosi" - "sopo khosi". Mawu akuti "anatenga moto ndi madzi" mungazipeze opanda mawu omaliza "ndi mapaipi amkuwa."

Ntchito zambiri luso Zining'a mtolankhani, zinthu zambiri catchy iye afika, ndi okwanira zambiri adzakhala owerenga anachita izo.

Ntchito Zining'a kulankhula tsiku ndi tsiku

Mu khola lexical liwiro ngati kuti mawu, mbali yaikulu ndiyakuti amatha zinthu dzina ndi makhalidwe awo, ndi zinthu, komanso zochita. Zining'a Chirasha akhoza m'malo mwa liwu limodzi, ndi mosemphanitsa. Choncho, kulankhula zambiri m'malo a liwu lakuti "Nkhalango zochepa zokha" amapezeka akuti khola la "lochedwa". Ngati mukufuna kutsindika pang'ono chinachake, mmalo mwa mawu "pang'ono" zambiri zomveka "ndi mphuno gulkin" kapena "sikokwanira kulumbira." Zosokoneza - kusokoneza, ngati (osati zapamwamba) - ngati (kusakonda). Mungapereke zitsanzo zambiri za Zining'a, pamene iwo ali mu mpikisano mawu ochiritsira kupindula.

Zikumveka kucheza kwambiri livelier, ngati kufotokoza mtima munthu, maphwando amavomereza kuti "Si wamanyazi"; kuti munthu sanali kuchita ntchito yawo bwino, koma "kudzera chitsa-sitimayo"; ndi munthu wina yemwe anavala suti, "chikuni", mwachitsanzo. e. latsopano ndi kuyankhula, kupita "kukhala m'mimba munthu" m'malo mwa banal "akamwe zoziziritsa kukhosi."

Ntchito ya Zining'a mu Russian

Okuluwika m'chinenero chathu zatenga malo apadera. Zining'a Chirasha chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ntchito yaikulu ya nthano Agiriki ndi chi mabuku, monga chida chofunika kwambiri kwa chilengedwe chonse, komanso mu wailesi ndi kulankhula tsiku ndi tsiku.

Zikupezeka pa khwerero liri, ndipo ndi chidwi kudziwa chiyambi chawo ndi zofunikira - tanthauzo, nzeru. Chifukwa cha zimenezi adzatha mwaluso komanso moyenera ntchito, ndiponso zolimbitsa kupanga zambiri zokongola mawu okha. Komanso, kudziwa zimenezi kudzakuthandizani kumvetsa bwino malemba osiyana zolembalemba.

Ntchito ya okuluwika mu chinenero chathu ndi lalikulu kwambiri komanso chifukwa chifukwa iwo akhoza kukhala ambiri momveka bwino kufotokoza maganizo awo ku chochitika makamaka kapena chodabwitsa, "kuphatikizapo" kuzindikira wophiphiritsa.

Iwe ukhoza adzaitana kulankhula lakonizatsiyu. Okuluwika, kuchepetsa, ngati kufinya, akuupereka mphamvu kwambiri.

Udindo wa Zining'a mu zilankhulo

Okuluwika - chuma cha mawu Russian. Komabe, chinenero wosanjikiza mokwanira ndi chibadidwe machitidwe ena. chidwi kwambiri amaonedwa Zining'a Chinese, amene ali mmodzi wa legacies kwabasi chikhalidwe ndi miyambo ya dziko lino. Panopa dictionary pali pafupifupi 14 chikwi.

Lofanana Zining'a Chinese m'zinenero zina ndi kovuta kupeza, chifukwa iwo zochokera zambiri ena nthano dziko kapena mbiriyakale.

Mofananamo, mbali yokulirapo ya mawu English ndi Zining'a a Chingerezi. Ndi kulanda, komanso Russian mu yachilendo zina, apa palinso mavuto. Chitsanzo cha mawu tingachipeze powerenga khola kungachititse English mawu kukugwa mvula amphaka ndi agalu, lomwe limatanthauza kuti "mvula ya amphaka ndi agalu." Izi analogous kuti okuluwika Russian "mvula amphaka ndi agalu."

Monga mu chinenero chathu, ndi English phraseological msoko ntchito Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana kulankhula ndi osiyana Mitundu zolembalemba.

Pomaliza

Ena mwa adhesions phraseological ntchito pafupipafupi kwambiri, ena - kawirikawiri kwambiri, koma aliyense wa iwo - chitsotso cha "nkhokwe za golide" wa chiyankhulo cha Amalawi ndi mbiri lonse la anthu.

Makamaka mu lingaliro limeneli, ofunikira Chinese okuluwika, popeza osati anatsindika "mapiko" mawu, koma ali ndi chikhalidwe China zinkakhalako, amene makamaka waife makhalidwe a anthu amenewa nzeru, kuona mtima ndi kukhulupirika, malamulo a ukali ubwanawe. Zonsezi zili waukulu phraseology China.

Powona kuti okuluwika ichi, tinganene kuti ndi nzeru za anthu, anasonkhana mbiri yake ndipo anasunga kuti masiku athu. Pamaso pa khola mphako liwiro anawonjezera mozama ndi mtundu chinenero iliyonse.