Malawi cichlids: zozizwitsa zomwe zilipo, kuswana

Madzi a Malawi amakhala ndi dzina lawo ku Lake Malawi, ku East Africa. Malingana ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba ya mitundu 500 mpaka 1,000 imakhala mkati mwake , ndipo nambala yaikulu kwambiri ndi ya cichlids. Amakopa okonda nsomba za m'nyanja za nsomba zomwe zimaonekera kunja, komanso mbali ya khalidwe.

Cichlids: kufotokoza

Mwa maonekedwe, anthu okhala pansi pa madzi amakhala osiyana kwambiri. Thupi lao likhoza kukhala ndi mawonekedwe a torpedo, monga, mwachitsanzo, mwa nyama zowonongeka - African lepidiolamprogusses ndi American krenitsichl. Koma m'mphepete mwa nyanja, scalyarias ndi discus zimasiyanitsidwa ndi matupi apamwamba komanso opunduka. Amakhala m'mabwato a madzi ndi zomera zokwanira pakati pa magulu a nthambi ndi mizu ya plexus.

Amathandizidwa kubisala ndi mtundu wawo wolekanitsa - mizere yakuda yakuda yomwe imabweretsa kusintha kwa mthunzi ndi kuwala. Koma mtundu wobiriwira, woonekera wa ma cichlids ena a ku Africa, umawathandiza kuti awone ndi kuzindikira kuchokera kutali kwa mdani - wamwamuna wamtundu wawo kapena wamkazi (mau a onse awiri ndi osiyana).

Ndimasangalala, nsomba zambiri zimatha kusintha mthunzi: zimakhala zokongola, zosiyana, mawanga ndi streaks zikuwonekera. Zomwezo zimachitikanso panthawi yopanga mbewu: zitsamba zobiriwira zimakhala ndi mtundu wofiira ndi chess yokongoletsera, ndipo akazi ena a apistograms amatenga chikasu.

Mitundu ndi iti

Mitundu ya cichlids ya Malaki ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndipo imagawidwa m'magulu awiri: mbuna ndi utaka.

Gulu loyamba likuphatikizapo zitsanzo zomwe zimasankha madera akumidzi. Amadyetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma gawo lalikulu la zakudya ndi algae. Mafinya ali ndi kamvekedwe kakang'ono kosadziwika, kamene amagwiritsa ntchito posavuta kuchotsa zigawo za miyalayo mosavuta. Koma ngati chakudya cha cichlid ndi chakudya chachikulu cha nyama, ndiye kuti izi zingapangitse kunenepa kwambiri kapena kutsogolera kuthekera kwa kubereka.

Nsomba za mtundu wachiwiri ndi zazikulu. Iwo amatha kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 17-20. Amakonda malo akuluakulu oti azisaka kwambiri. Pofuna kusambira, уtaki amatha kusintha kwambiri kusiyana ndi maselo. Mkokomo wa akazi ndi wosangalatsa komanso wosasangalatsa, kawirikawiri imakhala imvi ndi mizere yaying'ono. Zakudya za Malavi zimadyetsa chakudya cha 80% cha nyama.

Melanochromis Auratus

Mitengoyi imatengedwa kuti ndi mitundu yofala kwambiri m'nyanja ya Malawi. Amafalikira paliponse ndipo alibe mtundu wosiyanasiyana wa mitundu. Mu chilengedwe, sichidutsa kukula kwa masentimita 10. Mtundu wa akazi ndi amuna umasiyana kwambiri. Amunawa ndi ofiira ndi mdima wofiira wotenga longitudinal womwe umatambasula kutalika kwa thupi kuchokera mchira mpaka kumutu. Mayi ali ndi mtundu wonyezimira, ali ndi mizere iwiri yozungulira: imodzi pakati pa thunthu, ndi inayo pambali ya thupi. Nsomba zimadya chirichonse, koma panthawi ya kudyetsa, payenera kulipidwa chidwi chodzala zakudya, chifukwa zinyama zimatha kukhala ndi mapuloteni oledzeretsa chifukwa chodya chakudya chambiri.

Melanchohromis Johanna

Awa ndi otchuka kwambiri amchere a zikopa, omwe amawonekera mumtambo wachikasu wonyezimira. Amuna omwe amabwera msinkhu amatha kusintha mau awo, akukhala akuda buluu ndi mikwingwirima yowoneka bwino. Amuna amakhala ochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi akazi ndipo amasiyana ndi mawanga okhwima, omwe amafanana ndi mazira omwe amawoneka bwino. Miyeso yawo mu chilengedwe sichidutsa 8 masentimita.

Aulonocara Maleri

Pakati pa mafani ochokera padziko lonse lapansi, ma cichlids ali ndi mayina angapo - "Orange Aulonkara", "Yellow Peacock" kapena "Sun Bird". Nsomba zimapezeka pazilumba za Namalendzhi, Maleri, Chidung ndi ena ambiri. Amuna ali ang'ono, mpaka masentimita 9,5. Kukula kwa "zimphona" kumatha kufika masentimita 13, koma amapanga chilengedwe chachilengedwe. Mkazi wofiira, khalidwe la onse Aulonocar mtundu, 3-4 masentimita osachepera amuna.

Haplochromis Borlya

Malawi zinyama za mitundu yosiyanasiyanazi zimadziwika kuti ndi nsomba zabwino kwambiri. Anthu amasiyanitsa mtundu wofiira wa lalanje wa thupi kumbuyo kwake. Amuna omwe ali kunja kwa siteji yazomwe amagwira ntchito amadzaza ndi mawanga atatu ovunda pa thunthu, omwe amaikidwa pa diagonally. Haplochromis imakula mpaka masentimita 15, yazimayi ndi yaing'ono kwambiri.

Malawi cichlids: zomwe zili

Kukhalapo kwawo ndikofunikira kukhala ndi madzi okhala ndi madzi okwanira 150 malita, kuti zinyama zimve chitonthozo kunyumba kwawo. Madzi ayenera kukhala oyera ndi owonekera. Anthu okhala ku Aquarium amafuna kuti sabata iliyonse isinthe masentimita makumi atatu (30%) a madzi, chifukwa ali okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusintha kwake. Ndipo zidzakhala zolondola kuteteza madzi pasadakhale. Kuthamanga kwakukulu ndi kusungunula ndilololedwa. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa madzi ndi madigiri 23-25. Kulemera kwathunthu ndi madigiri 4-8, ndipo pH mlingo ndi 8-8.5.

Kupuma kumaphatikizapo malo ambiri okhala, mwachitsanzo, zipolopolo. Komanso cichlids aquarium amakonda kukumba pansi (sayenera kukhala otsika kwambiri, koma osati yaikulu kwambiri). Choncho, pogwiritsira ntchito algae mumsana wa aquarium, muyenera kudandaula kuti muli ndi mizu yamphamvu, kapena mungathe kuwaphimba ndi miyala.

Zakudya zabwino za nsomba sizidzakhalanso zovuta: amadya zakudya zowonongeka, zamoyo ndi zouma kwa a Malakian cichlids.

Momwe mungabzalitsire nsomba

Mitundu yambiri ya mtundu uwu sali yokhayokha, alibe abwenzi okhazikika, ndipo mwamuna akhoza kubereka ndi akazi osiyanasiyana. Koma anthu ena, mosiyana, amapeza banja pawokha ndipo nthawi zonse amapanga pamodzi.

Nsomba zobereketsa, kuyika mazira m'mabowo omwe anakumbidwa pansi, zomera kapena miyala. Chinthu chodziwika bwino cha kubzala kichlid ndichinthu chodziwika bwino pakubereka mazira (nthawi zina mwachangu) pakamwa. Njira imeneyi imapangitsa kuti ambiri azimayi asale kudya kudya m'madzi, ndipo amameza kapena kulavulira mazira. Komabe, ambiri a iwo amadzipa okha mwa kutopa, komabe amapanga ana.

N'zotheka kudziwa ngati malachi amtundu wa Malavi ali oyenerera kubereketsa, pokhalapo 2-3mm wa mimba ya ana, yomwe imakhala yokonzeka kubereka, ngati chingwe cha truncated, ndi malekezero. Mkaziyo amaika mazira 3 mpaka 8 pa nthawi, pomwe amphongo amawadyetsa nthawi yomweyo. Chiwerengero cha mazira a mitundu yosiyanasiyana amasiyana. Nthaŵi zambiri mwachangu amamasulidwa pambuyo pa masiku 2-4.

Onetsetsani kuti caviar, komanso mwachangu, akhoza kukhala azimuna ndi aakazi pamodzi. Nthawi zina makolo achichepere ankadya koyamba ya caviar.

Mwachidziwikire, tingadziŵe kuti kulumikiza kwa zolengedwa zodabwitsa zokongola pansi pa madzi ndi njira yovuta kwambiri, osati kwa onse okhala m'madzi. Koma komabe mungayese kuyesa mwayi wanu kubwezeretsa nsomba zodabwitsa izi.