Ntchito ndi mphamvu ya magetsi

Mu M'dera lililonse chatsekedwa mokakamiza akugwirizira awiri mphamvu kutembenuka. Mu kusinthidwa wa gwero panopa unapangidwa mphamvu (mwachitsanzo, jenereta - Machining) mu mphamvu ya magetsi, ndiponso dera masiku ano kachiwiri n'kukhala kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zofanana ndi mtundu umenewo. Kuyeza kutembenuka dera magetsi inawadutsa mwa aliyense zina mphamvu - kufunika kwa ntchito panopa.

Koma timadziŵa kuti ntchito ndi mphamvu ya magetsi panopa ndi ntchito za mphamvu ya magetsi kumunda, kusunthira milandu; choncho n'kosavuta.

Ntchito kulanda mlandu magetsi mu mtengo magetsi kumunda amanenera mankhwala anasamutsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa woyang'anira angathe kusiyana pakati pa mfundo pachiyambi ndi mapeto a kulanda, i.e. pa voteji ndi:

A = qU.

Mwachionekere, chiŵerengero angakhale ntchito yayendera mfundo monga ntchito ndi mphamvu ya magetsi panopa. Kakakulu mlandu, zinapita mu unyolo, tingathe kuweruza ndi apano osefukira dera, ndipo nthawi yatsoka ake, monga Q = Iwo.

Kugwiritsa ubwenzi woterewu timapeza chilinganizo kufotokoza kufunika kwa ntchito panopa pa gawo osiyana unyolo, pokhala voteji U:

A = UIt.

Ntchito ndi mphamvu ya magetsi amayezedwa njira zotsatirazi: ngati panopa amayezedwa amperes, nthawi masekondi, ndi voteji mu Volts, ntchito - mu joules (J).

Choncho, 1 joule = 1 Volt amperes × 1 × 1 chachiwiri.

Mphamvu kuwayeza Watts (W):

1 Watt = 1 joule / 1 masekondi, kapena 1 Watt = 1 × 1 Volt amperes.

Funso la kuwerengetsa kufunika kwa ntchito panopa m'dera unangokwaniritsidwa zifukwa kwa funso la mtundu wanji wa mphamvu adzatembenuza pamalowa mphamvu zamagetsi. Ntchito imeneyi ndi mphamvu, lidzasinthidwa mitundu ina.

Magetsi inawadutsa yonyamula ntchito mukhoza kutenthetsa ndi filament mababu, kusungunuka zitsulo, atembenuza ndi armature a galimoto, chifukwa kutembenuka mankhwala, etc. Ntchito ndi mphamvu ya magetsi milandu onse, kudziwa mlingo wa mphamvu ya magetsi kutembenuka mu njira zina - mawotchi mphamvu, mphamvu za kayendedwe ikukhudzana etc.

Podziwa kuti mphamvu P = A / T, akhoza kupeza chilinganizo chimene mphamvu panopa ndi kuchita masamu pa Msampha malo single

P = UI.

Ntchito ndi mphamvu ya DC kuchita masamu pogwiritsa ntchito mitunduyi awa ndipo ndi ammeter, voltmeter. Zochita ntchito za kumunda magetsi chimaonekera ndi chipangizo wapadera - kauntala. Kudutsa mita, mkati zikuyamba kuti liwiro opepuka zotayidwa litayamba, ndi kasinthasintha liwiro lake ndi mwachindunji njila kwa amperage ndi voteji. chiwerengero cha kusintha, omwe adzachite kwa kanthawi, kungathandize kuti mumakumbukira nthawi za changwiro cha nthawi iyi ya ntchito. meters magetsi angapezeke mu lililonse nyumba.

AC mphamvu anayeza ntchito yapadera chipangizo - mphamvu mita. Mu zida za chipangizo lino limagwirizana mfundo voltmeter ndi ammeter.

Ambiri zipangizo zamagetsi ndi zipangizo luso amasonyeza mphamvu zawo. . Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu angakhale incandescent babu 25 W, 75 W, etc., mphamvu ya zingalowe m'malo zotsukira kapena zitsulo za 1000 W, mphamvu ya magetsi angafikire mfundo zabwino kwambiri - mpaka kilowatts zikwi zingapo. Pankhaniyi, kukumbukira mphamvu panopa wakupambana kudzera chipangizo chinachake.

Ntchito ndi AC mphamvu mopitirira mosiyana. Choncho, kuwerengera ntchito ndi alternating zatsopano nthawi zina za nthawi munthu akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira:

P = 1 / 2I₀U₀ Ko φ. Nthawi zambiri aone kuti pali izi zalembedwa mu fomu iyi: P = IU Ko φ, pamene ine ndi U - khalidwe voteji ndipo panopa, zomwe ndi nthawi 2 kakang'ono kuposa mfundo lolingana matalikidwe.

Tikutsata ndondomeko za kuwerengetsa ndi AC mphamvu ndi chimodzimodzi kwa DC.

Mayunitsi mphamvu ndi ntchito:

1 Watt wachiwiri = 1 J 1 WH = 3600 J;

Hectowatt ola 1 J = 360.000;

1 kWh = 3600000dzh.

Mayunitsi cha mphamvu;

1 ampere Volt = 1 W;

1 hectowatt = 100 W;

1 kilowatt = 1000 Watts.