Mphamvu mayunitsi. DC mphamvu: wagawo

Mphamvu mu sayansi ndi kuwamva monga alionse udzatha mu nthawi inayake ntchito kwa nthawi chomwe imagwiridwa. Mu ntchito makina akutanthauzanji kwa kachulukidwe chigawo chimodzi cha mphamvu yaikulu thupi, chifukwa chimene chimachititsa masika mu mlengalenga.

Inu mukhoza kufotokoza mphamvu ndi monga mlingo wa kutengerapo mphamvu. Ndiko kuti, zikusonyeza dzuwa la makina basi. Pakuunika mphamvu zimaonekeratu momwe ntchitoyo kuchitidwa mwamsanga.

Mphamvu muyeso wagawo

Mphamvu amayezedwa Watts kapena joules pa mphindi. Ziziyenda kudziwika mphamvu muyeso mu ndiyamphamvu. Mwa njira, pamaso pa Kubwera kwa injini nthunzi mtengo si anayeza konse.

Tsiku lina, kugwiritsa ntchito njira za mgodi injiniya George. White anatenga kusintha wake. Pofuna kutsimikizira patsogolo injini ake poyerekeza ndi ntchito ya akavalo. Anthu agwiritsa ntchito kwa zaka zambiri. Choncho aliyense zinali zosavuta kulingalira ntchito ya kusodza mahatchi nthawi zina za nthawi.

Zochitika iwo, White poyerekeza injini chitsanzo nthunzi, malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa ndiyamphamvu. Iye experimentally masamu kuti munthu mphamvu kavalo 746 Watts. Today, aliyense akukhulupirira kuti nambala iyi ndi bwino overpriced, koma mphamvu wagawo anaganiza kusintha.

Kudzera anati kuchuluka thupi kuphunzira za ntchito, chifukwa kumawonjezera ukuwonjezeka ntchito nthawi yomweyi ya nthawi. Chotero yovomerezeka unit wa muyeso wakhala sizachilendo. Iwo anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana njira. Choncho, ngakhale Watts ndipo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, anthu ambiri ndiyamphamvu n'zomveka kuposa mayunitsi zina mphamvu.

Kodi kumvetsa mphamvu m'banja zipangizo zamagetsi

Mphamvu, kumene amasonyeza ndi banja makina magetsi. Mu nyali ntchito zake zenizeni, mwachitsanzo Watts sikisite. Mababu ndi wochuluka wa mphamvu kukhazikitsa ngati n'zosatheka, chifukwa mukatero iwo mwamsanga iwonongeke. Koma ngati simunalandire kugula ndi incandescent nyali, ndi LED kapena fulorosenti, iwo adzatha kuwala ndi kuwala kwambiri, pamene wonyeketsa mphamvu zochepa.

mowa mphamvu, ndithudi, ndi mwachindunji njila kwa kuchuluka mphamvu. Choncho, chifukwa opanga mababu kuwala nthawi munda kusintha mankhwala. Panopa, ogula amakonda zina zimene mungachite, koma chifukwa nyali incandescent.

Sport mphamvu

mayunitsi mphamvu muyeso amadziwika osati mwa ntchito makinawa. Lingaliro la mphamvu akhoza zimachitika nyama ndi anthu. Mwachitsanzo, mtengo uwu kuchita masamu pamene wothamanga chitaya mpira kapena zipangizo zina kupeza kuti chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa Akutsatira mphamvu, mtunda ndi nthawi ya ntchito zake.

Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu amene index kuchita masamu chifukwa anapanga kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi ndi kumayambiriro magawo.

kuyeza zida

Dynamometer - chipangizo yapadera imene mphamvu chimaonekera. Iwo ntchito kudziwa mphamvu ndi makokedwe. chida ntchito zosiyanasiyana mafakitale. Mwachitsanzo, iwo kusonyeza mphamvu ya injini. Kuti tichite zimenezi, galimoto atachotsedwa ku galimoto ndi olumikizidwa kwa dynamometer a. Koma pali zipangizo kuti amatha kuwerengera chofunika ngakhale gudumu.

Mankhwala masewera ndi dynamometers komanso zili ponseponse. Simulators zambiri zimatulutsa kuti olumikiza kompyuta. Ndi iwo, ndipo anapanga miyezo onse.

Wattage

James Watt anapanga injini nthunzi, ndipo kuyambira 1889, muyeso wa mphamvu ya magetsi anakhala Watts, ndi dongosolo lonse la mtengo muyeso m'gulu 1960.

Mu Watts angathe kuyeza magetsi komanso ikukhudzana makina kapena aliyense osati mphamvu zina. Amagwiritsidwanso zambiri anapanga multiples ndi boma multiples. Iwo amatchedwa ndi kuwonjezera mawu achigiriki prefixes osiyana "kilo", "Mega" "giga", etc.

• 1 kilowatt liri chikwi Watts;
• MW miliyoni 1 Watts ofanana ndi zina zotero.

Kilowatt maola

Mu dongosolo lonse SI palibe mayunitsi Muyeso ngati kilowatt maola. chithunzi Ichi ndi kunja dongosolo, anayambitsa mlandu kwa ankadya mphamvu ya magetsi. Mu Russia mozama ndi GOST 8.417-2002 lamulo kumene unit mphamvu muyeso wa magetsi ndi ntchito mwachindunji kutchula.

Limeneli liyenera tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kalembera wa mphamvu ankadya magetsi. Ndi mawonekedwe yabwino kwambiri, yomwe zotsatirapo zovomerezeka. Multiples pano Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati kuli kofunika. Iwo kuwoneka mofanafana kuti Watts:

• 1 kilowatt ora ndi 1000 WH;
• 1 megawatt maola liri 1,000 kilowatt maola, ndi zina zotero.

dzina Full kwalembedwa, monga kale, ndi hyphen, ndipo yochepa - kudzera mfundo (WH, kWh).

Malinga ndi mphamvu zamagetsi

Ndizovomereka kusonyeza anati chizindikiro mwachindunji pa nyumba ya chida magetsi. mayina zitheka:

• Watt ndi kilowatt;
• WH ndi kilowatt maola;
• Volt-mikuza mawu ndi kVA.

Chilengedwe chizindikiro kwambiri ndi ntchito mayunitsi monga Watts kapena kilowatts. Ngati alionse kukhala pa wagawo ananena kuti mphamvu zimenezi kuwerenganso zida izi.

Nthawi zambiri Watts ndi kilowatts anayeza mawotchi mphamvu majenereta magetsi ndi Motors, matenthedwe mphamvu heaters magetsi ndi zina zotero. D. Limawatcha makamaka panopa mphamvu wagawo mu chipangizo chimene lolunjika kwenikweni kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwaiye, ndipo kuwerengetsera ali n'komwe kale pambuyo pake.

Watt-maola ndi kilowatt maola kusonyeza mowa mphamvu kwa unit opatsidwa nthawi. Nthawi zambiri mayina awa Tingaone mu zipangizo banja magetsi.

Mu mayiko dongosolo SI ali mayunitsi mphamvu zamagetsi, amene ali ofanana ndi Watts ndi kilowatts - ndi Volt-amperes ndi KVA. Chotero muyeso ndi amapereka kuwerenga AC mphamvu. Iwo ntchito kuwerengetsera luso pamene magawo zofunika magetsi.

chikhazikitso amenewa ikulongosola bwino malamulo a ukachenjede magetsi, kumene zipangizo kuti ntchito ndi alternating panopa, ndi onse udakali zotakasika mphamvu. Choncho, mphamvu ya magetsi ndi anatsimikiza mtima Uwerenge zigawo izi. Nthawi zambiri VA kutanthauza zipangizo mphamvu monga tiransifoma, inductors, ndi converters ena.

Pa Asankha yomweyo Mlengi amene mayunitsi wa muyeso kuti mwachindunji kuti, makamaka pa nkhani ya zida otsika mphamvu (amene Mwachitsanzo, banja zipangizo zamagetsi), mayina onse atatu amakonda mwamalunji.