Ntchito lasers

Mawu "laser" kotero mbe mu miyoyo yathu, kuti zipangizozi mwina amadziwa aliyense wokhala wamkulu wa dziko. Ntchito lasers wakhala mwambo ndipo pafupifupi tsiku lililonse. Izo ntchito ambiri m'madera a anthu.

sayansi US ntchito pa zasayansi Adawadziwitsa. Lorenz a amanena kuti adakhoza kubala sikunachitekepo waukulu mtengo. Mphamvu laser anali 500 Watts ndi 1,85 trillionov joules Mega wa dzuwa limakhala lamphamvu. Anayambitsa mtanda ali ndi kukula kwa 2 mm m'mimba mwake, koma ndi mphamvu kuposa chimene nawo onse zipangizo mphamvu kudya mu United States, ntchito pa nthawi yomweyo. laser kutentha ndi madigiri 100 miliyoni, ndipo kuposa malo ndiwo mphamvu - dzuwa.

Kodi laser? Izi ndi gwero la cheza atomu, ozikidwa pa inalimbikitsa umuna wa mamolekyulu ndi maatomu. Pamafunikanso zooneka, infuraredi ndi ultraviolet aataliatali, yodziwika ndi mkulu kwambiri cheza malangizo, limene lili luso lotha yake yapadera.

Ntchito zosiyanasiyana lasers. Izo ntchito m'madera a zochita za anthu monga mankhwala, zamoyo, makampani nkhondo, malo ndi aya, yosungirako zambiri, kuyeza kutalika kwa dziko, ziyerekezo TV, luso mkulu, ndi zina zambiri. Asayansi lero ndi chifukwa cha laser monochromatic kuwala kwa timaganiza iliyonse. Zimenezi zingakhale yothandizira umuna sipekitiramu ndi yopapatiza kapena ultrashort zimachitika.

Kudziwika mitundu ya lasers:

- Mafuta;

- olimba;

- madzi.

The mode alternating zimachitika ukugwira rube laser, koma mu gaseous chinthu chachikulu ntchito, ndithudi, gasi. maatomu ake opangidwa ndi magetsi kumaliseche zimachitika.

Pali michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi lasers, amene ali zipangizo mosalekeza. The cheza mphamvu amene walandiridwa mu ndi magetsi. Palinso gasi zazikulu lasers. Ali amphamvu kwambiri, tili ndi mayina ofanana maziko, yodziwika ndi kanthu yothandizira. Mfundo amagwirira ntchito zawo zinachokera pa ndondomeko kuzirala kwa utuluke mpweya supersonic.

Kudziwika mitundu ya lasers anawagawa mitundu yambiri malinga ndi mfundo zomwe iwo ntchito: utoto, gasi, zitsulo nthunzi kapena olimba boma.

Choyambirira zakuthambo amakono ntchito laser ndi zotsatira zodabwitsa. Iwo anatsimikiza mtunda chimodzimodzi kuti Kanema dziko lapansi - Mwezi, ndipo ntchito kuyesera molimba mtima, ndi rube laser ndi ngodya amasonyeza. Asayansi ntchito maganizo laser zakutali wotumidwa kuchokera pamwamba. Ndi nthawi yaikulu pa njira mwezi ndi kumbuyo, mtunda enieni anatsimikiza.

Mu mankhwala, ntchito lasers ndi amazipanga waukulu. Mothandizidwa ndi kubwerera kwawo anthu kukhala moyo wonse. Mwachitsanzo angakhale ntchito ankachititsa pa diso imene m'malo scalpel ndi madokotala ntchito laser chomwecho. Komanso, mu atomu cheza gwero amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza kuvulala aakulu fupa, komanso pa opaleshoni pamene chofunika pawiri chinang'ambika minofu minofu.

Akatswiri ndi tweezers laser ndi mwayi kafukufuku mapuloteni. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito laser magnetisation ndi kuzirala ngati mamolekyulu zofunika ntchito kutentha ultralow. Amadziwika ntchito lasers mu maphatikizidwe, pamwamba chithandizo, kutentha mankhwala ndi oipa zitsulo, ndi, kuwonjezera, kupanga zida zamakono. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2009 kampani American Northrop Grumman wakhazikitsa olimba boma laser magetsi, ndani anali 100 kW. Development cholinga chake chinali kuthetsa mpweya ndi nthaka mipherezero pa chitetezo cha dziko.