Njira za kayendedwe ka nyama. Zipangizo phunziro

Magulu onse a nyama - apamwamba ndi wosazindikira - osiyanasiyana ntchito zosiyanasiyana ku njira mzake kuyenda (nthawizina kwambiri original) wa madzi, pansi pa madzi, mu mlengalenga, ndi pa pamalo. Njira Animal kayendedwe zimadalira zinthu zambiri: mapangidwe m'kati kusanduka, kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa mafupa, ndi zina structural mitundu imeneyo umodzi.

Mbali yofunika kwambiri

amatha - mmodzi wa katundu wa zamoyo, wa chilichonse kalasi kapena mukutanthauza kapena m'gulu asayansi. Ngakhale zomera kunyamula magalimoto mwa mlingo ma. Ndi nyama, mosiyana ndi zomera, amakonda kusuntha thupi lonse, motero zolinga zosiyana: foraging, kubereka, chitetezo kwa adani. Chifukwa gululi - ichi ndi moyo kwambiri zachilengedwe, makamaka, zinyama zake.

Njira za kayendedwe ka nyama. Gawo

Onse a iwo zidzasankhidwa ndi mtundu m'magulu angapo lalikulu.

1. Amoeboid. Dzinali amachokera ku mawu amoeba. Izi protozoan si mtundu kalekale, ndipo thupi lake wapangidwa selo limodzi ndi amatha amasinthasintha mawonekedwe. Thupi anapanga achilendo zophuka otchedwa pseudopods (pseudopods). Ndiyamika chipangizo ichi imangokhala amatha. Mu maso pa, mphamvu zokwanira, inu mukhoza kuwona pamene likutuluka pa outgrowths yochepa monga pa ziyangoyango ndi masikono, wokhulupirira gulu ndondomeko.
2. Zotakasika. Ena yosavuta ena (mwachitsanzo, gregarines) amayenda m'njira, kwambiri kusonyeza mapeto a ng'ombe ntchofu, amene akukankha nyama patsogolo.
3. Palinso ophweka, omwe tiwolokere kuonera sing'anga iliyonse (mwachitsanzo, madzi). Ndipo kodi njira ya gulu la nyama zokhala ndi selo imodzi? Akusiyana zosiyanasiyana enviable.
4. Mothandizidwa michirayo imakhala yosiyanasiyana ndi cilia. njira zimenezi ndi kayendedwe nyama khalidwe la mogwirizana. Zipangizo ndikukhazikitsa izikhala: undulating, zokhala rotational. Ndi magulu awa a nyama yokha, ndipo amayendayenda (mwachitsanzo, euglena), kupanga njira yodutsamo helical. Malinga ndi asayansi Norway, ena flagellates kuti moyo m'nyanja, akhoza zimayenda za olamulira pa liwilo: 10 kusintha pa mphindi!
5. Mothandizidwa ndi minofu. Izi njira za kayendedwe ka nyama wamba mitundu ambiri okhala minofu dongosolo kapena chifaniziro chake. Mothandizidwa ndi minofu chikusuntha nyama zonse, zimene munthu uli.

chitukuko zamoyo zinachita

Pamene zamoyo wa nyama nyumba losavuta zokhala ndi selo imodzi ndi zamoyo ndi multicellular apamwamba, ndi ziwalo zosiyana ndi ntchito zayambika ndi mmene nyama kusuntha. Kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri, ife kusanduka amange zosagwiritsa machitidwe amene amalola mitundu yosiyanasiyana kupeza chakudya, kuzemba mdani, kudziteteza ndi kuberekana. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ochepa nyama kudziwika kunyamula moyo wongokhala. Ambiri chimachititsanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Mothandizidwa ndi minofu

Multicellular zinyama khalidwe la kukhazikitsa gulu mothandizidwa minofu, amene anapanga ndi minofu wapadera wotchedwa minofu. nyumba imeneyi lili ndi chinthu kuti mgwirizano. Kuchepetsa, minofu lotengeka levers, amene m'nyanjazi mafupa nyama. Ndipo timatha navigation.

Amene mochuluka

Choncho, mothandizidwa ndi minofu nyumba slugs ndi nkhono glide pa pamalo. , Nyongolotsi, ntchito cavernous minofu kayendedwe, posunga bristles nthaka m'goli. Misundu ntchito zida zomatira ndi njoka - flakes khungu. nyama zambiri, kulera thupi pamwamba pansi, kusunthira mothandizidwa ndi malekezero, motero kwambiri kuchepetsa mikangano. Chifukwa, umachuluka ndi liwiro kuyenda (mofulumira nyama pa dziko - cheetahs, amene akufotokozera liwiro la pa 110 km). Ena nyama kulumpha (ngakhale madzi). Ena zolingalira mpweya kapena ntchentche. Ena madzi kapena kusambira m'madzi kapena kozama. Koma kulikonse ntchito minofu mphamvu.

njira zachilendo kayendedwe ka nyama

• Madzi oyera Hydra imayenda thandizo la chimachititsanso choyambirira ndipo somersaults. Iwo flexes thupi ndi tentacles Ufumuyo pamwamba, kenako othandiza yekha. A anemone nyanja wochedwa zikusuntha, kuchepetsa ndi kumasula minofu ya yekhayo yokha.
• Cephalopods (nyamayi, nyamayi) amatha kuyenda zotakasika. Iwo akuyamwitsa madzi mu M'mimbamo wapadera wa thupi lake ndi kuponyera ndi mphamvu kudzera nyuzi yopapatiza. Potero kusuntha thupi zosiyana.
• Basilisk buluzi akuthamanga kudya pa madzi (2 mamita pa wachiwiri). Pamwamba pa madzi mwambo mpweya thovu pansi mamba yoteroyo.
• Nalimata akuthamanga khoma ofukula za galasi pa liwiro la 1 mita pa wachiwiri popanda kugwa. Ichi ndi chifukwa makapu wapadera suction pa miyendo buluzi.
• Paradaiso chokongoletsedwa ndi njoka kuti moyo mu Asia, kuwuluka kupyola mlengalenga mumtengo pogwiritsa ntchito flattening wa thupi, amene ali pa masinthidwe nthawi kuti mu mtundu wa kozungulira chakuwuluka.

zotsatira

zosiyanasiyanazo Malamulowo ndi ofanana ndi nyama zonse padziko lathuli. Dongosololi yokha ikuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Aliyense majeremusi ndinazolowera khalidwe zenizeni za izo, mitundu kayendedwe.

Nkhanizi angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa phunziro pa "Njira kayendedwe ka nyama. 5 kalasi. "