Ndi mafunde mu atomu Kodi

anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti cheza cha chikhalidwe mu atomu wafala chilengedwe chonse. mafunde mu atomu ali pochulukitsa m'malere. Malinga ndi oscillation pafupipafupi yoweyula limapezeka pokhapo titachitapo alekane mu kuwala looneka wailesi sipekitiramu, ranges infuraredi, ndi zina zotero Othandiza kuli mafunde mu atomu zinaoneka empirically mu 1880 ndi German wasayansi H. hedzi. (Poyamba pafupipafupi muyeso wagawo dzina lake).

Kumene mu sayansi amadziwika kuti ndi maginito ndi mtundu wapadera wa nkhaniyi. Ngakhale kuti diso likhoza kuona mbali yaing'ono, zotsatira dziko zakuthupi kwambiri. mafunde mu atomu ndi kafalitsidwe danga zamoyo zina yotsatana zimavuta mphamvu ya maginito ndi magetsi. Komabe, mawu akuti "kufalikira" mu nkhani iyi si zoonadi: ndi kuti, yoweyula ngati perturbation wa danga. Chifukwa kupoletsa ndi funde mu atomu Maonekedwe danga ndi kusintha m'munda magetsi pa nthawi. Monga amadziwika, pali kugwirizana pakati pa minda ya magetsi ndi maginito. Wokwanira kukumbukira lamulo padziko wochititsa aliyense ndi munda panopa maginito alipo. The tinthu, amene mafunde atomu, akuyamba chilichonse, ndipo ngati pali gulu, kotero pali cheza mphamvu. Munda magetsi ndi kuwala kumayendera wadutsa moyandikana ndi tinthu pa mpumulo, chifukwa m'munda magetsi kumene kwaiye chikhalidwe. Ndipo monga minda zogwirizana kutsatira maginito. Ndondomeko chimafikira chigumukire. Pankhaniyi, kayendedwe weniweni, koma pali tinthu kusinthasintha.

Pa kuthekera kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu uwu wa sayansi wa oscillations ndinaganiza kwa nthawi yaitali. Masiku ano ndi mphamvu ya mafunde mu atomu kotero chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti anthu ambiri sakudziwa nkomwe zindikirani, cholanda mopepuka. A chitsanzo chapadera - mphepo, popanda zomwe izo sizikanakhala zotheka pa televizioni ndi mafoni.

zimachitika motere: chitsulo wochititsa mwapadera zooneka (mlongoti) nthawi zonse pogonana modulated alternating panopa. Chifukwa katundu wa magetsi padziko wochititsa magetsi zikachitika, kenako mwa munda maginito, chifukwa mu umuna mafunde mu atomu ikuchitika. Popeza pafupipafupi oscillation ndi modulated, iwo kunyamula dongosolo linalake, mfundo yosiyanasiyana. Mumpanda pafupipafupi anakhumba, wolandirayo kulandira mlongoti ya kapangidwe wapadera. Timatha inu muzisankha okwana mu atomu maziko anakhumba pafupipafupi. Kamodzi pa wolandila zitsulo, yoweyula ndi pang'ono n'kukhala magetsi inawadutsa gwero kusinthasintha mawu. Komanso anakaika pa unit ikuthandizira ndi kulamulira ntchito chipangizo (kusuntha chulucho wokamba, maelekitirodi mu zowonetsera nayenso TV).

Panopa chifukwa mafunde mu atomu akhoza mophweka. Wokwanira anabala chingwe wochititsa anakafika ku mlongoti kuti wolandila ndi musakhudze kulemera okwana (radiators, nthaka kuzungulira). Pa nthawi imeneyi, pakati pa nthaka ndi mphamvu moyo kudumpha - ichi ndi chiwonetsero cha panopa kwaiye mlongoti lapansi. Mtengo wake uposa, ndi chopatsilira pafupi ndi wamphamvu kwambiri. Komanso kwambiri anakhudzidwa ndi kasinthidwe wa mlongoti lapansi.

mawonetseredwe wina mafunde atomu, zomwe ambiri akukumana tsiku kunyumba - ndi ntchito uvuni mayikirowevu. Onsewo mzere munda kuwoloka nkhaniyi ndi kusamutsa ena mphamvu zawo ndi Kutentha izo.