Malamulo a dialectics Hegelian: maganizo Mzimuyo wokhalapo

Dialectics - ofunika kwambiri mawu amene alipo mu nzeru kuyambira nthawi makedzana. Panthawiyo, Hegel capacious mawu anafotokoza chiyambi ndiponso cholinga cha njira imeneyi nthanthi: "Ngati Thales mlengi wa nzeru za chilengedwe, Socrates - aumunthu pa makhalidwe, Plato analenga nzeru lachitatu - dialectic." Mu nzeru za malamulo a dialectics kuwamva monga chiphunzitso cha asapita kwambiri ambiri, ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mfundo ya moyo, komanso za chitukuko cha kudziwa zinthu. Choncho, dialectic ndi onse nthanthi chiphunzitso, njira ndi cognition.

Malamulo a dialectics kapena zinthu zawo mu mawonekedwe wosalira limapezeka anthu ambiri anzeru wakale pofotokoza dziko kapena chilengedwe monga ndondomeko internally otsutsana. Pakuti epistemology Greek yodziwika ndi liwu monga "Sophia" - ndi dialectical kumvetsa. Zochitika za dialectics taonera mu East, makamaka machitidwe nthanthi ya Chitao, Chibuda (mwachitsanzo, mu chiphunzitso chakuti aliyense maganizo Pawokha yokha, kapena kuganiza paradoxical kuti "kufooka ndi wamkulu, ndi mphamvu ndi negligible"). Dialectic ndi chiphunzitso cha Heraclitus, Logos - kuti nkhondo ndi mtendere, njala ndi satiety, madzi ndi moto, ndi kubadwa - ndi imfa ya munthu m'mbuyomu. Socrates luso dialectical kuchititsa kukambirana, amene ayitana maevtikoy - ". Luso la mzamba ndi" Dialectic angatchedwe mfundo Plato kuti ganizo nthawi yomweyo palibe chinthu. Zitsanzo oterewa tingawapeze kwambiri mu nzeru akale ndi masiku ano.

Komabe, Hegel a dialectics malamulo potsiriza anakonza monga postulates ubale wa kukhala ndi kuganiza, kapena m'malo ulamuliro wa ganizo pa umunthu. Mu ntchito zake lalikulu - "Science wa Zomveka", "Philosophy ya Nature" ndi "Phenomenology Mzimu", iye pokambirana naye pa nkhani yolembedwa ya Kant nkhaniyo sizimawoneka mwa manyazi, ndipo chikumbumtima cha nkhaniyi zoona, anati kuti vuto ndi chikumbu akufotokozera pansi pa malamulo yemweyo - dialectical maganizo. Poyamba, panali chizindikiro cha kukhala ndi kuganiza (esse), koma amadziwika mwa njira imeneyi chinabisidwa kutsutsana pa nkhani ndi chinthu. Kudzidziwa ndi mgwirizano zosakwanira makhalidwe awo cholinga ndi kutitengera otherness (kanthu, chikhalidwe). Koma popeza akamanena za otherness izi oganiza bwino zomveka dziko chuma, ndi tanthauzo lake ndi chitukuko cha lingaliro mtheradi, mlingo wokweretsa amene ali Mtheradi Mzimu.

Malamulo a dialectics Hegelian kwenikweni malamulo a maganizo ngati apamwamba mawonekedwe a chidziwitso. Maganizo angapezeke mu nkhani ya wokhutira mwini, chimene ndi zosiyana - akamanena za nkhaniyi. maganizo Only dialectical angamvetse chakuti wololera, Mulungu, kwenikweni ndipo kwenikweni lifanane sikuti maonekedwe. Ofunda mfundo ndi amalephera, chifukwa okha ndi malamulo wamaganizo, malamulo dialectical chitukuko comprehends.

Malamulo a dialectics, Hegel anakonza makamaka ikukhudzana bwanji ndi mfundo. Lamulo loyamba limanena kuti mfundo kukhala ku losavuta zovuta kwa konkire kuti umboni ndi M'malo mwake, iwo kuyenda mu wina ndi mnzake. Kupanga mfundo mwatsopano kumachitika mwa kusintha Mkhalidwe, kulumpha, "kum'dula pakamwa wa mosalekeza." Lamulo lachiwiri limanena kuti aliyense mfundo ndi mgwirizano Pawokha ndi kusiyana - Ndipotu chifukwa cha aliyense wa iwo zotsutsana chopatsa kayendedwe ndi chitukuko. Ndipo potsiriza, lamulo lachitatu - ndi negation wa negation wa - limafotokoza chiwembu cha chitukuko lingaliro. Lililonse yachilendo amakana wina m'mbuyomu, pa yomweyo chinachake cha izo zimatengera, ndipo wotsatira kubwerera kwa woyamba, koma pa mlingo wosiyana.

Hegel anayambanso siyana, mfundo ndi malamulo a dialectics. wosakwatiwa, komanso chapadera siyana A ndizo mfundo chitukuko ndi kuwayimilira wa ku. Chiwembu Hegelian wa chitukuko cha kukhala ndi kuganiza, zachilengedwe, mwauzimu ndi mbiri dziko, nayenso, ndi wa ku. Ngati pachiyambi, mmodzi ndi maganizo akulongosola monga "wokhalapo umboni," chilengedwe cha uthunthu wa nthanthi limati ndi "watanthauzo analengedwa" ndi maonekedwe a munthu, njira zakale ndi zikamera wa chidziwitso - ". Amazindikira wokhalapo" Choncho, dialectic wake - ndi "sayansi ya maganizo ndi palokha chabe."