Mtheradi lingaliro la Hegel

Development wa chomwe pambuyo Kant anafika apogee ake mu ntchito ya Georg Wilhelm Fridriha Gegelya, amene anapanga mbiri pokhala mlengi wa dongosolo kwambiri shirokoohvatyvayuschey ndi kutsimikiziridwa wa dialectics a chabe.

"Mtheradi Lingaliro," Hegel

Kuyitana filosofe ya "chomwe mtheradi" Hegel ananena kuti siyana Mitundu chomveka chabe zochokera "maganizo padziko lonse", "lingaliro mtheradi", mwa kulankhula kwina - "mzimu dziko".

Iwo likukhalira kuti "lingaliro mtheradi" - ndi chinthu chimene amapereka kutsogolera zikamera ndi zamoyo wa maiko zachilengedwe ndi zauzimu, mtundu wa mfundo yogwira. Ndipo munthu ayenera kumvetsa "lingaliro mtheradi" kudzera chinyezimiritso. mzere wa ganizo kumatanthauza masitepe 3.

gawo loyamba

Apa, mfundo mtheradi, kukhala yekha ganizo zinalili isanafike mtima wa nkhani ndi chinthu, ali pabwino monga kudziwa mwadongosolo mfundo. Choncho, ndi kukodzedwa kudutsa mu kachitidwe ndi kugwirizana akuwuka kwa siyana mzake maganizo.

Mu chiphunzitso chake nthanthi ya Hegel anagawana mfundo ku Zochita atatu: zokhudza moyo, za chikhalidwe ndi lingaliro. Poyambira chiphunzitso lake kufanana maganizo ndi zochita, kapena mawu ena, amaonera dziko la chowonadi monga momwe zochita kuonekera mzimu wa lingaliro. Poyamba, lingaliro mtheradi ankaimira lingaliro umboni wa kukhala. Ndiye mfundo imeneyi ya "moyo wangwiro" anadzazidwa ndi okhutira konkire: choyamba, pokhala pabwino ngati chinachake CHOSADZIWIKA, ndiye chimatanthauza kukhala, ndiye anapanga zinthu zina ndi zina.

Mu njira iyi, Hegel apita kumvetsa chikhalidwe - chodabwitsa - kwenikweni ake, ndi zotuluka zosiyana. Komanso, pa mapangidwe lingaliro mtheradi Hegel anafotokoza angapo malamulo dialectical.

mwendo yachiwiri

Mu gawo lachiwiri la mapangidwe mfundo lingaliro mtheradi wa abstraction ake akupezeka chiwerengero zachilengedwe, kusamalira zachilengedwe. Ndizoonekeratu ku chiphunzitso ichi ndi Hegel zokhudza nzeru achilengedwe. Iye m'chilengedwe yekha kunja akuti, kusonyeza maganizo, koma patsogolo ufulu wodzilamulira wa siyana maganizo.

Mbali yachitatu

Wafilosofi chimasiyanitsa magulu atatu a chilengedwe: limagwirira, umagwirira, thupi, pakati limene kugwirizana lolozeka. ubwenzi m'tsogolo adzakhala maziko a kuphunzira ubale wa magawo ena a organic ndi zochita kupanga njira prirody.Takim Hegel nzeru za malingaliro lagawidwa zigawo zitatu: chiphunzitso cha mzimu m'maganizo, yomwe ikukhudza sayansi anthu; chiphunzitso cha mzimu cholinga, zimene zimaphatikizapo kuphunzira za makhalidwe abwino, mbiri, lamulo; chiphunzitso cha mzimu Mtheradi, amene kumaonekera mu chikhalidwe zikuluzikulu za moyo wa anthu (chipembedzo, nzeru, luso).

Kotero, molingana ndi Hegel, zamoyo wa lingaliro mtheradi akupita mu bwalo, ndipo Matanthawuzo kupititsa patsogolo dziko chuma, omwe anauziridwa mwachindunji lingaliro. Hegel kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti akamaliza lingaliro Mtheradi uwu (pamene pali kuzindikira izo yekha ndi njira yake) ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mzimu mtheradi. Ichi ndi dongosolo kwambiri wa nzeru za Hegel.

Kuyambira pamenepo Kukwezeleza lingaliro mtheradi cha kuchuluka oyima ndi zimatengera pa njira zozungulira, kuima zamoyo wamaganizo, consigning kuti kayendedwe zonse bwalo, popanda chitukuko. Choncho likukhalira kuti chiphunzitso Hegel a wapafupi kwa chabe cholinga, monga ndi lingaliro la "lingaliro mtheradi", monga ganizo wangwiro, amalenga chikhalidwe ndi munthu. Chifukwa, izo anapanga wa ku, imene mfundo nzeru Hegel n'ngozikidwa: nkhani yolembedwa - otsutsana - kaphatikizidwe, amene aipatsa kulungamitsidwa coherent. Pambuyo magawo onse a chiphunzitso chimenechi musati mwachimbulimbuli kuvomelezedwa ndi amayambira mzake. umphumphu Izi a dongosolo ndi zotsutsana malamulo ake zochuluka - mfundo ya patsogolo.

Pomaliza

Ganizo mtheradi monga akuti zikuoneka pochita lonse nzeru za Hegel wakhazikitsa mfundo zonse, zinthu za mdziko, pa nthawi yomweyo monga moona sakupezeka dziko. Ndi phunziro la nzeru za Hegel.

Ngati mfundo yaikulu ya chiphunzitso Hegel a lingaliro mtheradi lagawidwa mbali zitatu:

• ndi yokulirapo (anafotokoza mu gawo loyamba);
• yogwira (anafotokoza mu Gawo lachiwiri);
• "Dzina" (anafotokoza mu ndime yachitatu).

Kukhala kachitidwe kulivomereza ndi woona yekha zomveka wokhalapo, lingaliro mtheradi ayenera kukhala "chifukwa-yokha sakupezeka umodzi", akuwonetseredwa mu munda wa chikhalidwe ndi mzimu. Wa ku (zomveka lingaliro - chikhalidwe - mzimu) ndi chizindikiro kwambiri ndi lingaliro mtheradi, lakumana kudzera atasemphana "zina" ndi "tokha" ndi kutsatira "kuchotsa" kutsutsidwa ndi kubweretsa mgwirizano ndi iwo. Choncho, lingaliro mtheradi wa Hegel - ndi lingaliro la kukhalako anafotokoza mfundo osati kokha, komanso pokhala chifukwa chenicheni ontological a udindowo.