Ndakatulo Ahmadulina Bell ndi yonena

Ahmadulina Bella (anenedwanso Isabella Ahatovna Ahmadulina), kutsogolera lyric ndakatulo ya Soviet ndipo pambuyo Soviet nyengo, anabadwa mu Moscow pa April 10, 1937 m'banja la luntha. Atate Akhmadulin Ahat Valeevich, anali mtumiki kazembe ndi amake, Nadezhda Makarovna Ahmadulina, ntchito yomasulira mabuku. The mtsikana anakulira m'mlengalenga kulenga m'nyumba kawirikawiri ndi olemba otchuka ndi olemba ndakatulo, ndi pang'ono Bella aakulu chidwi anamvera kukambirana wamkulu zokhudza luso, akamaionetsa koyamba zisudzo, mabuku atsopano, chirichonse, kuposa Moscow ankakhala makumi asanu Mu zaka zapitazo.

Wolemba ndakatulo tsogolo

Ndakatulo mphatso Bella Akhmadulina akuwonetseredwa mu ubwana, izo mosavuta rhymed zonse kuti analowa mutu wake, ndipo mu zaka 12 msungwana wakale anayamba kulemba ndakatulo wake mu kope a. Pamene anali ndi zaka 15, ndakatulo wamng'ono kuwerenga ndakatulo odziwika bwino zolembalemba wotsutsa wotchedwa Dmitry Bykov. Posonyeza wake wophiphiritsa, Bella "tinkapambazira kalembedwe wake wa versification."

Nditamaliza sukulu ya sekondale, Bella Akhmadulina, mbiri yomwe kenako lofikira ake, ntchito kwa mphamvu ya utolankhani, koma analephera mayeso. Poyankha funso lokhudza zili mu nyuzipepala ya nkhani yomaliza ya "Komsomolskaya Pravda" Bella shrugged ndipo ananena kuti akuwerenga nyuzipepala.

tithe Akhmadullina

Moyo Bella Akhmadulina linadzaza ndi Russian ndakatulo kwa Mlomo, iye wakhala anamasulidwa zopereka ambiri amene awerenga dziko lonse, wakhala membala wa Russian Writers 'Union, iye anali nawo Russian cholembera Center, chaired ndi Andrei Bitov, amene Ahmadulina anali wachiwiri kwa Pulezidenti, pamodzi ndi Andrei Voznesensky. Monga wolemba ndakatulo anali membala wa komiti onse pa Museum dzina la AS Pushkin Prechistenke. Iye anali membala aulemu wa American Academy of Literature ndi Tirhana. Iye ali wopambana wa Prize State la Chitaganya cha Russia, komanso Soviet Union State Prize.

Ndakatulo ndi censors

Ahmadulina anazindikira poetess Bella anayamba lisanathe mabuku Institute (dipuloma iye analandira mu 1960). Pa zaka 18 Bella wamanga nawo mbali pa zionetsero chilungamo, izo, monga ambiri olemba Soviet ndi alakatuli sankasangalala ndi kufufuza mosamala Komiti Press. Mu 1957 Akhmadulina kudzudzulidwa mu "Komsomolskaya Pravda" chimene iye anayankha ndi ndakatulo latsopano. Kukangana anayamba ndi akuluakulu zolembalemba, nyumba phwando ndi Rector wa Institute, amene anaphunzira Bella. Ndipo pamene iye anakana poyera nawo kuzunza Boris Pasternak, iye anachotsedwa Institute zolembalemba (chifukwa ofunda sanali m'manja kukhazikika pa Marxism-Leninism). Akhmadulina koma posakhalitsa anachira, monga chochitika anamuopseza kupita lonse.

Chuma cha ndakatulo Russian

Chaka patsogolo maphunziro, mu 1959, wolemba ndakatulo analemba wake woyamba, zimene zinabweretsa otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse ake ndakatulo "Mu msewu wanga chaka kuti ...". Pambuyo bwino woyamba Ahmadulina Bell anapitiliza kugwira ntchito ngati mwachizolowezi, polenga katswiri woona. Ndakatulo Pamilunguyo zachikale kalembedwe mu ndakatulo, ngakhale phunziro lathu watsegula zambiri zamakono. Vesi Bella Akhmadulina omveka, chisoni, shrill, monga Iosif Brodsky anati Bella - "chuma cha ndakatulo Russian".

Ahmadulina sanamuzindikire mawu "ndakatulo", adamfunsa kutchedwa "ndakatulo." Pamene "ndakatulo" Bella Akhmadulina anapita Georgia, mu 1970, anagwa mchikondi ndi dziko lino, kusiya ndinachoka Tbilisi gawo la moyo wake. Kenako, pamene anali kudziwika monga womasulira kumasuliridwa mu Russian ntchito za Irakli Abashidze Galaktion Tabidze, chikondi ndakatulo ya XIX m'ma Nicholas Baratashvili.

Wolemba ndakatulo akulemba mu prose, izo analemba nkhani onena za olemba a chi chi, komanso Pushkin ndi Lermontov za. Zilandiridwenso Bella Akhmadulina chimasonyeza bwino likugulidwabe "Autograph cha m'ma", 2006, izo zoyenera chaputala lonse kwa izo. Ndi kunja, wolemba ndakatulo wodzipereka kwa buku la maphunziro zolembalemba.

kalembedwe Akhmadullina

Lyrics Belly Ahmadulinoy ndisefukira mafanizo kuti, ngati madipoziti diamondi, kukongoletsa ndi mzere wina. Ambiri Nkhani ndakatulo anamasuliridwa mu intertwining chodabwitsa cha nthano ndi mawu tikhale ndi kum'chitira archaism, ndi mawu achidule ngale ya kalembedwe wachisomo. Chotero Bella Akhmadulina ndakatulo.

Bell anali gawo la bwalo la "zaka zao za sikisite ndi", izo imazungulira mwa alakatuli otchuka kwambiri nthawi: Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Robert Rozhdestvensky ndi Andrei Voznesensky. zisudzo awo pa University Moscow, ndi Polytechnic Museum, Luzhniki anasonkhanitsa anthu yaikulu. Pa nthawi imeneyo anthu anali osati lotseguka ku zotichitikira watsopano, iwo anali "ukadalipo" kusintha, tikuyembekezera kusintha kwa bwino, kuyembekezera mphepo atsopano. Choncho, ndime ya ndakatulo ndi chomaliza koma osati chosafunikira Bella Akhmadulina anakhala silinatchulidwe Kutsutsa ulamuliro wankhanza.

kulankhula pagulu

Bella Akhmadulina, Wambiri amene anaukitsa mafunso atsogoleri chipani anakhala woyamba Soviet ndakatulo, amene analankhula za zinthu zing'onozing'ono mkulu kalembedwe ndakatulo. zisudzo ake pa siteji ya kukhala mbuye wa improvisation. Inexpressible unsembe wa kuwerenga, kamvekedwe chinsinsi, virtuosity Bella mwamvera chidwi anthu. Mu holo panali chete kulira, ndi kokha mawu chimene moyo a ndakatulo iyi werengani ndakatulo yolembedwa ndi mkulu "Lezani mtima", umene Komabe iye ankadziwa zonse. Maganizo anali semiconscious, kenako Bell anati: "... ngati ndipita pa nsonga ya chingwecho ..."

kusankha

Bella mwachibadwa anayamba kuchepekela kwa wamba, iye anapulumuka ku pano, kufunafuna zachinsinsi pa ntchito yake. M'chigawo choyamba cha ndakatulo, lotchedwa "chingwe" linatuluka mu 1962. Mu bukhu, zinaona chikhumbo Akhmadullina amapezeka ndakatulo Russian. Iye ali pano, kwambiri misewu, koma mukufuna kupeza olondola, njira yanu. Ndipo Bella anamupeza zinali m'ma 60 kuti watha kukhala "Knight pa mphambano", ndipo anapanga mkulu ndakatulo kalembedwe, chikhalidwe ndi nyimbo za vesi limene kusiyanitsa zinthu zonse Bella Akhmadulina.

Lapamwamba lyrics, mafanizo molondola, ufulu pomanga vesi - onse adakhala "ndakatulo Akhmadullina". Mu ntchito zake inachokera wina chidwi Mbali: ukuchita ndakatulo ndi nkhani ya moyo. Mvula, mitengo m'munda, kandulo pa tebulo, munthu chithunzi - zonse ali ndi moyo zizindikiro ndakatulo Bella Akhmadulina. Kulakalaka ake kuti apereke dzina la chinthu ndi kuyamba kukambirana ndi izo.

M'mbuyomu ndiponso masiku ano ntchito Akhmadullina

Ndakatulo ngati Bella Akhmadulina akusewera ndi nthawi, wolemba ndakatulo akuyesera kugonjetsa danga, kusiya maganizo m'zaka za m'ma XIX, nyengo chivalry ndi otchuka, gentility opatsa. Kumeneko, m'mbuyomu, Bella lapeza malo ake, aphedwa mfundo okonzeka kubwerera iwo alipo awo. Chitsanzo cha zimenezi - "Wongosangalatsa mu shopu zosowa zakale," "Tchutchi Romance", "Banja langa mtengo".

Pa moyo wake, Bell Ahmadulina kutsatira mfundo ya "wosuta-waubwenzi", kunali kofunika kuti "yamikani" kuimba pang'ono, chifukwa palibe amene kakang'ono - zonse zazikulu. Choncho, Bell Ahmadulina amakonda kulankhula ngati iye anamva wokonda, koma kwenikweni kunapezeka kuti wodutsayo ndi owerenga kapena kwa anthu wamba. mawu ake litadzala nawo, chifundo ndi chikondi kwa anthu aumphawi, osauka, amasiye zolengedwa munthu.

Ndakatulo Ahmadulina anakumana zotsatira za kutsutsidwa ziŵiri: nduna, amene zikuchititsa kuti khalidwe lake ndi gamesmanship, ndipo ofufuza za owolowa manja pa, kuvomera "artistry" mu versification. Onse ali bwino anthu ena akhala kwaiye dongosolo, ndi Bella chilichonse. Komabe, wolemba ndakatulo sanalembe ndakatulo pa nkhani ya kufunika chikhalidwe ndi zotsatira chikhalidwe. ndakatulo ake anali m'nyimbo, ndi sakanachita, ngakhale lyric akanakhoza kuchita nsalu kapena milkmaid. Ndipo ndikanachita Ngati sikudali zokomera mpikisano pakati pawo, limene ziwalo chipani ananena.

moyo

About Bella Akhmadulina mphekesera monga femme fatale. Ndipo ndithu, mwa chikondi ndi iye onse amene analankhula naye mphindi zosachepera zisanu. Amuna anamva inaccessibility ake, ndipo kokha inflames zikhumbo. Lamulo loyamba la mwamuna wake Yevgeny Yevtushenko anali Bella, amene anakaphunzira pa Institute zolembalemba. moyo banja pakati pa alakatuli awiri unachitikira kukangana ndi chiyanjanitso, akuyenda kudutsa Moscow ndi kupereka mphatso kwa ndakatulo wina ndi mnzake. Yevtushenko ndi Ahmadulina akhalira limodzi kwa zaka zitatu.

mwamuna chachiwiri a ndakatulo iyi anakhala Yuri Nagibin, wolemba. Chikondi Nagibina kwambiri moti pa ntchito pa siteji ya Bella, iye sakanakhoza kukhala pansi, kudzuka khoma ndi sanawerengere kugwa kuchokera osadziŵika kufooka mu miyendo. Ngakhale Bella anali pa nsonga ya oposa wake. "Mngelo, kukongola wamkazi" - kotero anayankha Rimma Kazakova za bwenzi lake Akhmadullina. Ukwati ndi Nagibin inatenga zaka zisanu ndi zitatu. Ankasiyana anali chowawa, Bella ngakhale analemba ndakatulo za chikondi.

Anali pa Akhmadullina komanso mabuku, anakumana ndi Vasiliem Shukshinym ngakhale nyenyezi mu filimu wake "Iye amakhala munthu", kusewera mtolankhani. Kwa nthawi ankakhala ndi Eldarom Kulievym, mwana wa wolemba wotchuka Kaisyn Kuliev. Adzakwatirane wamba, komabe banja mu 1973, mwana wamkazi Lisa anabadwa.

Kenako mu 1974, Bell anakumana Boris Messerer, zisudzo wojambula, amene anakhala mwamuna wake wachitatu ndi wotsiriza, wolemba ndakatulo ndinakhala naye kwa zaka zoposa makumi asanu. Kamodzi izo zinachitika palokha, kuti othandiza Boris Messerer anayamba kulimbana mkazi ankakhala moyo wotayirira. Iye anaika kuti mavesi ake olembedwa pa chilichonse, kuphatikizapo pa zopukutira m'manja zimapezeka. Bell kwambiri mwamuna wake chifukwa cha izo. Moyo ndi Works Belly Ahmadulinoy akutetezedwa. Mwamuna ndi ndakatulo kulondera chuma cha zawo, ndipo lonse Russian dziko.

imfa Akhmadullina

Mu October 2010, Ahmadulina Bella chisoni, sakuyenda khansa. Ndakatulo anavomereza kuti Botkin Hospital, kumene opaleshoni. Iwo anayamba bwino, ndi Akhmadulina akatulutsidwa kunyumba. Komabe, patapita masiku anayi, anamwalira.

The maliro unachitikira mu mpingo wa Oyera Cosmas ndi Damian, pamaso pa achibale ndi mabwenzi. Ndiye, pa chapakati Nyumba ya Alembi ndi ndakatulo iyi kukhululukira anthu onse amene pa moyo wake wotchedwa "wolemekezeka anga owerenga," ndipo anthu masauzande ambiri. Bella Akhmadulina m'manda mu manda Novodevichy.