Monad - ndi Monad nzeru za ...

Philosophy kumafuna zambiri mafunde akavalidwe. Aliyense wasayansi kamodzi anafotokoza mwini apakhungu gulu lake chifukwa nthawi yake. Leibniz chiphunzitso cha monads ndi mbali ya dialectic wa - chitukuko yosatha ya chiphunzitso, kuyenda ndi kusintha mu dziko. A nzeru zapamwamba odziwika bwino, woimira sukulu German, ankakhulupirira kuti pali Mulungu ndi kulingalira, amene analenga pa mtima wa dziko. Kuti ndi maganizo a Mulungu amapereka zili chifukwa nkhaniyi ndipo gwero la chitukuko.

Kodi monad?

Malinga Leibniz, dziko lonse akhoza kugawidwa kwa zinthu zing'onozing'ono - monads. Monad - ndi chinthu chapadera, lomwe liri lofewa, zomwe ndi mbali ya chinthu zovuta zambiri. Izi zikuluzikulu za dziko alibe Tambasula, iye sanali kumeneko ndi sanafe mwachibadwa, mwachidule alipo. Leibniz ankanena kuti Monad nthanthi - chinthu okutidwa ndi mfundo ntchito ndi mphamvu. Mfundo imeneyi akhoza kufotokoza za teleology (konsekonse subordination mtheradi zolinga) ndi zamulungu. Pa nkhani imeneyi, pali lingaliro limene thambo kwaiye Mulungu, ndipo komabe iwo ali zonse akamalankhula kudzimvera kusintha ndi chitukuko cha mitundu olemera.

Monad kuphunzira nzeru ngati Nyerere yaing'ono, zomwe zimagwiritsa ndi wopandamalire danga umodzi. Leibniz, monga nthumwi ya dialectic ndi, atalemba chikhalidwe ndi akonzedwa ubale wa onse ndi onse, chifukwa dziko lonse lapansi ndi Monad. azimuth nthanthi umaonetsa kugwirizana zinthu zosiyana munthu chilengedwe chachikulu.

Features mankhwala

zinthu zonse zikhoza kugawidwa mu monads. moyo wawo lidatsirizika zinthu zovuta zimene zatizungulira ndi zomwe tingaphunzire pa njira yothandiza ife tiri nawo ena zinachitikira. Mfundo nthanthi limanena kuti chinthu chilichonse zovuta ayenera kukhala munthu wophweka. Pakuti Leibniz monad - ndi atomu wauzimu kuti ali mbali zosiyana ndi immateriality. chakuti zinthu izi yosavuta, kutanthauza kuti si zimawonongeka ndi kusakhalaponso, monga ena onse zivundi mankhwala.

Zipata monads kutsekedwa, ndipo mogwirizana ndi kudzipatula kwa iwo alibe bwanji ena, ndipo nawonso, kuwakhudza. Iwo zimafala danga paokha. Mfundo imeneyi si mmene kwa monads apamwamba - Mulungu amene amapereka moyo ndi zinthu zina zonse zimagwirizana mkhalidwe wawo mkati. Pre-kukhazikitsidwa mogwirizana pakati pa zinthu chophweka ndi moyo galasi chifanizo cha chilengedwe. Ngakhale kuphweka zake, Monad nthanthi - chodabwitsa amene ali mkati yake kapangidwe ndi multiplicity a boma. Chotero chikhalidwe, kapena kuzindikira, sangaonekerenso palokha, mosiyana ndi particles wa zinthu zovuta, ndipo umenewu ndi umboni omasuka zinthu. Amaonera sadziwa kukomoka m'chilengedwe. The chikhalidwe chachiwiri ndi zotheka chifukwa kukula ka monads lapansi.

Monad ndi moyo

Leibniz anali maganizo ake anthropological pa nkhaniyi. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti zimene anthu akhoza pansi mphamvu ya chikomokere. Iye amanena kuti monads ndi chikhalidwe chawo zikusintha. Chifukwa cha ichi - ntchito mkati mwa mchitidwe uwu.

Pakuti Leibniz munthu moyo - zofunika kwambiri Monad. Nzeru za anthu, malangizo amenewa amatchedwa monadology - kusinkhasinkha chimayambitsa mogwirizana ndi thupi pakati zinthu. Moyo wa munthu - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa milingo mankhwala.

Kuweta kamba monadology

Lonse chilengedwe angathe kugawidwa mmagawo ambiri zinthu zomwe uthunthu ayi dualistic, monga kunalembedwa Descartes ndi Spinosa ndi mosalekeza ogwirizana.

Monad - ndi chimodzi, ngati inu mutayang'ana pa kumasulira Chigiriki. Ndi yosavuta, indivisible ndipo alibe mfundo substantive maziko.

Monad amakhala ndi makhalidwe anayi: kutchuka, kukhumba, kuzindikira ndi ntchito.

Akamanena za chinthu ichi ndi ntchito, zochita. Iye ndi wosakwatiwa ndipo zikusintha maganizo awo.

Landilani kuli limachititsa kuzindikira monad yokha.

mankhwala ndi chatsekedwa kwathunthu ndi wodalira pa ena monga izo.

Mitundu ya monads wa Leibniz

Leibniz, mwachidule onse maganizo anu, ankauza monads mu makalasi 4:

1. Wamaliseche Monad - ndi amene ali maziko a moyo wa anthu zochita kupanga (miyala lapansi, mchere).
2. Monad nyama - ku dzina zikuonekeratu amene ali achilendo. Iye ali kumverera, koma chimanga chosakhwima ndithu chikumbumtima.
3. monad anthu kapena moyo - wololera mankhwala. Iwo ali kutsitsimuka, kukumbukira ndi luso lapadera - kuganiza. Munthu akhoza kuphunzira za dziko loyandikira zinthu, malamulo, mfundo ndi choonadi chamuyaya.
4. Mlingo wokweretsa wa monads - Mulungu.

Leibniz ankanena kuti monads onse, kupatula kalasi chachinayi, ndi kugwirizana ndi thupi. zolengedwa moyo kugwirizana ndi njira ziwiri - ndi kutumizgika kubadwa ndi imfa clotting, lomwe mfundo ndi thupi monga kutolera monads, sangathe kuwononga. Mu thupi, anamvetsetsa monads dziko, amene kulamulidwa ndi mtsogoleri wangwiro - moyo. Monga nzeru zapamwamba, anali ndi idealist ngakhale anakana zakuti kuli kanthu, ndipo pankhaniyi, ndi yovula.

Kutsiliza pa monadology

Monads kalasi akusonyeza ufulu ndiponso kulolera kwake - apamwamba ndi, ndi apamwamba a ntchito. chiphunzitso Leibniz a angathe dziko lonse lapansi, ku ngodya akutali kwambiri a iwo, zinthu onse ozungulira. Aliyense monad munthu, wapadera, ndi makhalidwe ake, ali yake chitukuko cha chikhalidwe.