Museum-Malo a Mouravieff-Apostol, Moscow: kufotokoza, mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

Manor Mouravieff-Apostol mu Moscow pa Old Basmannaya msewu - mmodzi wa zodzikongoletsera likulu. Decembrists Museum wotsegulira mu Nyumbayi akale, kudziwa alendo ndi chochitika zoopsa, zomwe zinachitika pa Senate Square, ndi moyo wa Moscow otchuka. Kuwonjezera pa chionetsero chachikulu, pali zisudzo ndi madzulo nyimbo, nkhani.

nkhani

M'zaka za m'ma 18 nyumbayo unali mzinda wa Moscow, pafupi fakitale nsalu, anali, monga nyumba, wamalonda Babushkin. Kukumbukira industrialist yapangitsa mu gawo ili la mzindawo mpaka 1964, ndi msewu pafupi ndi iwo. Lukyanov dzina lake wopanga Agogo. Mu 1795, nyumba wadutsa mu malo a Prince Volkonsky, umene wamalonda anapereka mwana wake wamkazi. Wolemekezeka kumanganso zazikulu, koma posakhalitsa amagulitsa asilikali anapuma Yakovlev. Mwini watsopano wa dziko malo restructures, kuwapatsa iwo kalembedwe classicism mochedwa.

Amene anali mlembi wa polojekiti Sizikudziwika, koma akufuna nyumba lili ndi siginecha ya katswiri wa zomangamanga I. D. Zhukov. Kenako nyumba mobwerezabwereza anasintha eni pakati pawo wotchuka Saltykov EA, werengani Vorontsov R. A. Pafupifupi mu 1815, chuma ichi kumidzi anagulidwa mwa chuma Praskovya Ivanovna Hrushevsky, amene anakhala mkazi wachiwiri wa Ivana Matveevicha Muraveva-Apostol.

imawonongeka chisa

Mwa mpanda wa Nyumbayi ili anali Povunduka cikhalidwe, chichotsedwe, mipira kuperekedwa, ambiri privechayut otchuka aphungu Ivan Mateyu Muraviev-Apostol. Manor anawona otchuka monga ndakatulo Batyushkov zinabindikira mu banja mu 1816. Pali mfundo kuti ulendo azimugwetsera Pushkin AS

nyumba Panadzaza, pa ulendo makolo ake kawirikawiri anasiya ana Hippolyte, Sergei ndi Mateyu. Moyo unali wolemera, koma nthawi iyi ndi nthawi ya kubadwa kwa kayendedwe Decembrist, omwe anakhala ophunzira mwakhama atatu a mwana banja. Pambuyo kugalukira Ippolit Muravev-Apostol, safuna kumangidwa, anadzipha. Sergei pamaso pa kupachikidwa, ndi Mateyu anatumizidwa ku Siberia ntchito mwakhama. Mu 1822 chuma anagulitsa.

Decembrists Museum

Pambuyo Mouravieff-Apostol House resold kangapo, mpaka 1840s, ndi zazikulu sanali wodziwika kwa Alexander Mariinsky pogona ana amasiye. Chachiwiri ndi mezzanine apansi anapatsidwa pogona, koma pansi ndi mu mphanga malo ogona, masitolo, kukambirana luso. Mouravieff-Apostol Manor wakhala malo ana amasiye mpaka 1917.

Mu 1925, Soviet Anthu Commissar Lunacharsky anakonza kutsegula kowonera zakale za Decembrists ndi lifanane ndi chochitika kwa centennial a kugalukira, koma lingaliro alibe anapeza kupitiriza weniweni. M'malo maholo owonetsera zakale nyumba kusinthidwa kwa nyumba limodzi, amene anathandizapo pa dilapidation mofulumira. m'nyumbayi lingaliro kukhazikitsidwa kuyandama mu mlengalenga, koma anazindikira yekha mu 1986. nyumbayi inali ziyambe kukonzedwa, ndipo pamene mu 1991 anakomoka masitepe, izo zinali kutsekedwa kwa kubwezeretsedwa. Kukonzanso ndi chisokonezo chinathandiza chiwonongeko zina - ndalama panalibe ntchito kubwezeretsa inaima.

kubadwanso

Mu Moscow, ambiri a manda mbiri anatayika, ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. The Nyumbayi akhoza kumira mu anaiwalika ngati osati mtundu wa wolowa Kristofer Muravev-Apostol. makolo Manor anachititsa chidwi chachikulu pa iye. Akuluakulu anapita kukakumana ndi chilakolako chake kutsitsimutsa munda, ndipo chipinda anali lendi zaka 49. ntchito kubwezeretsa anawatengera pa umisiri atsopano, chotero chimatetezera kukhulupirika chimango cha Nyumbayi ndi. Kuwona makoma akale mu zipinda kale anapeza zidutswa zosatseka chimango matabwa.

M'bwalo, amene kale anasiya ndi mphunzitsi wa ntchito kubwezeretsa kunachitika. Zinthu anapeza nyumbayi, pamalo nthandala m'nyumbayi. Pa nthawi ya nyumba ya padziko chapansi anapeza zambiri zigawo choncho, ngakhale pamaso pa mawindo, izo anabisika kwa dzuwa. Kumbali kutsogolo kuchotsa wosanjikiza a dziko lapansi mlingo wapachiyambi n'zosathekadi, ndi ku bwalo anakwanitsa kuchotsa m'dera wosanjikiza mbiri ndi tsopano chapansi ndi lotseguka. M'madera a pansi pa Nyumbayi kale munali khitchini bwino anasunga vinyo m'chipinda chapansi, zipinda zofunikira.

M'nyumbayi-malo kusunga mbiri ikuchitika mwa njira zamakono: kutentha zonse ndi chinyezi ankalamulira zikhalidwe.

zomangamanga

Manor Mouravieff-Apostol mu Moscow - mtengo nyumba apansi atatu, anamanga pa tsinde la njerwa zoyera. wapakamwa wapangidwa mu kalembedwe classicism mochedwa mu Moscow. Wamtali yachiwiri pansi mawindo zobisika kuseri Kukhonde Greek, chokongoletsedwa ndi mizati Korinto. Pamwamba mazenera zili reliefs woonda kulingalira chakale mitu. Chakumbali ya nyumba choyang'ana mphambano ya malekezero kuwala, lowala semicircular rotunda.

Zipinda yosanja ogwirizana ndi Maapatimenti, kumene chipinda, kuchipinda kutsogolo, ndinkakonda, awiri pabalaza ndi theka-rotunda. Iwo ali mbali imodzi ya Nyumbayi ndi - ndi kudenga mu zipinda zonse za pamwamba osiyana. Museum-Malo a Mouravieff-Apostol - danga linabwezeretsa amapezeka zonse zothekera. Malinga ndi wotsogolera kowonera zakale Tatyany Makeevoy, lokonza anasonyeza Luso zonse, ndi nzeru za bizinesi. "Mu denga - anasunga ziboliboli, ife monga wasambitsa iwo ku utoto mafuta. Chirichonse chimene akanatha opulumutsidwa ndife opulumutsidwa "- anati Makeyev.

Museum chi

Manor Mouravieff-Apostol lero - kowonera zakale danga kwa mbewu ziwiri zoyambirira pansi otsiriza ndipo mezzanine - wamoyo kumpanda. Chionetsero okhazikika laperekedwa kwa banja la Decembrists. Lili ndi kalata lotsiriza la mwana Sergei a, wotumidwa kuchokera linga la bambo ake. Mmenemo iye akudandaula kuti atikhululukire chisoni kuti idzabweretsa mu banja la imfa yake, ndipo anafunsa iye kuchoka popanda m'ndende ya ana ake awiri. kalatayi - ndi chidina amene anabweretsa Russia kuthetsa olowa. Pakuti ali chipinda wapadera komwe chionetsero yekha pachionetsero.

The Maapatimenti zipinda pa yosanja zoyenera mbiri ya gulu Decembrist. Pano mukhoza kupeza zinthu zina, Albums, zithunzi zakale a banja ndi anayandikira anthu. Kamodzi mu malo a nyumbayi, alendo amapezeka mu chikhalidwe cha m'ma 19. Kale pa masitepe chachikulu akulonjera mwininyumba aliyense Vinogradov, kapena kani, makatoni wake chithunzi. Mu zipinda za Nyumbayi angapezeke mu zithunzi pafupifupi makatuni a m'banjamo m'zaka otsiriza ndinkakonda zimbudzi.

chapansi mwapatsidwa kwathunthu pansi luso malo, kumene zochitika zonse chikhalidwe. Vaulted denga ndi malo yaikulu amanena kuti nthawi imene panali Manor Mouravieff-Apostol. Zisudzo, nkhani, zitsanzo, madzulo nyimbo, kapena kucheza anawalandira mu mpanda wa nyumba atachira. Mu 2012, anati apa losaiwalika tsiku yobetcherana nyumba Christie, pa chiyambi cha 2016 mpaka m'ma chilimwe unachitikira chionetsero chithunzi "Genesis" anadzipereka kwa chilengedwe chokongola. Mlembi wa ntchito - lopambana wojambula zithunzi Sébastien Salgado. Kuwonjezera pa zinthu zofunika kwambiri mu nyumbayi ndi kuthera zochitika lapamtima. Khonde ndi lotseguka kwa alendo ndi alendo.