Mtundu wa mphutsi mosabisa, makamaka kunja ndi mkati kapangidwe

Mtundu Flatworms tichipeza mitundu sanali parasitic ndi parasitic. Mu ichi ufulu zamoyo amaphatikiza kalasi imodzi, ndi iwo akukhala likuvutika zamoyo zina, - zisanu ndi chimodzi. Maphunziro oimira Ciliated (Planaria turbellarians) moyo mu matupi a madzi, kaŵirikaŵiri adani.

flatworms Parasitic moyo mu thupi la nyama ndi anthu. deta zamoyo bwino ndinazolowera zikhalidwe za moyo, kuti ndi. ndi. ndi sucker, omwe amagwira kwa mpanda wa ziwalo za nkhondo, ndi thupi segmented ndi chiwerengero likuwonjezekabe a zigawo. Iwo yodziwika ndi kusapezeka kwa dongosolo m'mimba (kupatula kalasi Flukes), zakudya ndi chosakanikirana ndi thupi kupyolera outgrowths wapadera; anaerobic kupuma (iwo n'kupuma chilengedwe zayamba mpweya wopanda), ndi kuchuluka (ali hermaphrodites).

Zonse mwa zizindikiro zimenezi kulola zimenezi chamoyo kuthetsa kalekale m'thupi phwandolo ndi kukhala pa ndalama zake. helminths njirazi ndi izi: chiwindi fluke, remenets, mphaka fluke, nkhumba njoka zam'mimba za matepi, Echinococcus, etc. kuti agwire munthu kudzisunga, ngati adya yaiwisi kapena bwino ankachitira ng'ombe nyama, nkhumba ndi nsomba ..

Mtundu Flatworms Chili zamoyo kuti ndi mbali zofanana, onse kunja ndi mkati kapangidwe. Iwo akuyimira bespolostnoy nyama ndi elongated, flattened thupi downwards, mwachitsanzo. E. Ili ndi tayala kapena zayamba mosabisa. Komanso, ndi nthawi yawo yoyamba pali amgwirizano chosokonekera mu ontogeny anaika nyongolosi zigawo zitatu - ecto, meso ndi endoderm - umene ziwalo anapanga m'tsogolo. Mtundu Flatworms komanso khalidwe pamaso pa khungu minofu thumba lomwe ndi akaphatikiza wa epithelium ndi kutayidwa pansi ulusi minofu. Zimenezi zimawathandiza kuti "nyongolotsi-ngati" kusuntha.

Dongosolo m'mimba ndi mwa ufulu mawonekedwe ndi wosazindikira kapangidwe ndi tichipeza foregut, kapena pharynx, midgut, amene umatha mwachimbulimbuli. Mu helminths izi dongosolo limba yafupika.

Mantha dongosolo flatworms ankaimira wophatikizidwa oziziritsa ganglia ndi mitsempha makungwa, amene achoke ndi zolumikizana milatho annular. Kwambiri anayamba ndi awiri kotenga m'mimba thunthu.

kachitidwe magazi ndi kupuma simuli pano. Kupuma oimira gulu la ciliated epithelium, amene anaphimba thupi lawo kuchokera kunja.

Excretory ziwalo - protonephridia. Iwo amakhala ndi dongosolo tubular, zimene maselo stellate ndi cilia. Excretion katundu kagayidwe kachakudya zinyalala mu chilengedwe kumachitika mwa mipata wapadera excretory.

Zoberekera ziwaloziwiri ndipo nthawi zambiri dongosolo la ducts, zomwe ndi zofunika kwa anthu onse katundu kugonana, copulatory chiwalo cha umuna mkati.

Choncho, mtundu wa mphutsi lathyathyathya - izi zimakhala mitundu parasitic (helminths), amene anatha azolowere ndi kusintha kwa moyo wawo.