Mtengo wamakono wamakono. Mtengo wamakono

Masiku ano, nthawi zambiri zimatheka kupeza mawu akuti "mtengo wamakono", kutanthauza mtengo wowerengedwa, umene umagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza zosankha zosiyanasiyana za ndalama.

Chimodzi mwa zisankho zofunikira kwambiri komanso zodziwika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mabungwe a bizinesi ndi vuto la ndalama mu mabungwe ena. Choncho, chaka chilichonse mamiliyoni a rubles amapangidwa mu mafakitale kapena zipangizo zawo, zomwe zingagwire ntchito komanso kubweretsa phindu kwa zaka zambiri. Kuthamanga kwa ndalama m'tsogolo, komwe kungabweretse ndalama, nthawi zambiri kumasiyana ndi kusakayikira kwina. Ndipo ngati zomera kapena mafakitale amamangidwa kale ndipo sakubweretsa phindu loyembekezeredwa, ndiye kuti mkulimayo sangathe kuwasokoneza ndi kuwagulitsa kuti athe kulipira ndalama. Pachifukwa ichi, bungwe la bizinesi (wochita malonda) limanyamula zotayika zowonongeka.

Mawu omaliza

Ndalama zamtengo wapatali zimasonyeza ndalama zomwe zilipo pakalipano kuti pakhale ndalama zofanana ndi zomwe zimaperekedwa kuchokera ku kukhazikitsidwa kwa polojekiti yapadera. Mwachitsanzo, pali chiwerengero cha 10%, ndipo magalamu 100 adzabweretsa ruble 110 kumapeto kwa chaka. Kuchokera ku malo omwe akuyendetsa bwino ndalama kuchokera ku zopereka zana 100 zapiritsi kapena pulojekiti yachuma, zomwe zingabweretse ruble 110, mtengo wamakono udzakhala wofanana.

Pano pali ndondomeko ya phindu la pulojekitiyi - izi ndi zotsatira za kugawira mtengo wamtengo wapataliwu ndi chiwerengero cha ndalama zowonongeka (ndalama zothandizira).

Kuzindikira zoyenera zachuma

Povomereza polojekiti yachuma kwa zaka zoposa chaka chimodzi, phindu la ndalama zoterozo likhoza kudziwitsidwa mwa kubweretsa ndalama zam'tsogolo kumapeto kwa polojekitiyo. Izi zimatsimikizira mtengo wamakono, womwe uyenera "kubwerera" kwa wochita malonda. Ndalamayi ikufaniziridwa ndi ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, komabe pakuchita kuunika kotere, nkofunikira kuganizira "miyala yamadzi" mwa mawonekedwe a chidwi. Izi ndizo, malipiro amalipidwa kwa mwini ndalama, kumapeto kwa chaka, koma banki ikhoza kulipira chiwongoladzanja mwezi uliwonse. Ndicho chifukwa chake phindu lamakonoli poyesa kuyerekezera kuyerekezera limayesedwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana, ndipo ngati zilipo ndi bungwe la zachuma, m'pofunika kuwerengera ndalama zomwe zili pamwezi pamwezi.

M'mabuku a zachuma, munthu akhoza kupeza "maphunziro" oterewa: mtengo wamakono wa pulojekiti ya ndalama ndi ndalama zenizeni zopezera ndalama zomwe zimalandira ndi malipiro onse ndi ndalama. Ndalama zake zacheperachedwa kukhala nthawi yoyamba (tsiku limene chiyambi cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa polojekitiyi).

Zotsatira zimasonyeza kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe wogulitsa zimatha kulandira polojekiti ikamayendetsedwa. Kawirikawiri, mtengo wamakono umasonyeza phindu lonse la wogulitsa ndalama, koma pakadali pano phindu lenileni la polojekiti lokha siliyenera kuganiziridwa.

Phindu lamakono la polojekitiyi: chiwerengero chowerengera

Choncho, powerenga chizindikiro ichi, mafomu awa akugwiritsidwa ntchito:

• NPV = SUM (CF _t / (1 + i) ^t );
• NPV = -IC + SUM (CF _t / (1 + i) ^t ),

Kumeneko:

T ndi chiwerengero cha zaka;
CF - malipiro kupyolera mu t-zaka;
IC - ndalama zazikulu;
Ndine mlingo wotsika.

Zinthu zochotsera

Ndalama yamtengo wamakono ikhoza kutsimikiziridwa mokhazikika pokhapokha ngati mtengo wotsika mtengo wasankhidwa bwino. Malingana ndi mtengo wa chizindikiro ichi, n'zotheka kupeza coefficients yofanana pa nthawi yomwe kufufuza ikuchitika.

Chokhacho chifukwa cha kutsimikiza kwa mtengo wa ndalama ndi mtengo wa ndalama zimayenda, mtengo wamakono wamakono ungawonedwe ngati kusiyana pakati pa mfundo ziwirizi. Zotsatira zake, zizindikiro izi zingakhale zabwino komanso zoipa.

Tiyeni tilowe mwatsatanetsatane pa tanthauzo lake:

• Phindu labwino liwonetsa kuti mu nthawi yowerengetsera, ndalama zopezera ndalama zowonjezereka zidzapitirira kuchuluka kwa ndalama, ndipo izi zimapangitsa mtengo wa bizinesi;
• Phindu loipa limasonyeza kusakhala kwa phindu lofunikirako, lomwe limayambitsa zina zotayika.

Kuwona njira zina zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ndalama

Kawirikawiri, mabanki asanagwiritse ntchito ndalama zawo pa ntchito inayake akudzifunsa funsolo: kodi mtengo wotsika mtengo uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kampani powerengera mtengo wamakono? Yankho likudalira pa kupezeka kwa mwayi wopeza ndalama. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zina, m'malo mwa ndalama zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito, mungagwiritse ntchito ndalama zanu kuti mupeze ndalama zosiyana zomwe zingabweretse phindu. Mwina bungwe la bizinesi limapeza malonda, omwe amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwapindulitsa kwake.

Kulipira ndalama zofanana ndi mavuto

Pali chinthu chonga "ndalama" zofanana. Izi ndizo ndalama zomwe zili ndi chiwopsezo chofanana. Kuchokera ku lingaliro ilo limadziwika kuti kukwera kwa chiwopsezo cha ndalama, kukwera kwa msinkhu wa ndalama, ndi motero, mtengo wamakono wamakono. Choncho, ndalama zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchitoyi ndizo ndalama zomwe zingatheke kuti zidzalandire ndalama zofanana ndi ndalama zomwe zili mu polojekiti ina kapena phindu lofanana.

Poyesa kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo cha ndalama, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti pakhale polojekiti yomwe sichikukhudzana ndi chiopsezo chilichonse. Ndiye, monga mtengo wina wa ndalama, ndalama zopanda phindu zimaganiziridwa. Chitsanzo cha ndalama zoterozo ndi kugula maunyolo a boma. Powerengera polojekiti kwa zaka khumi, bungwe la bizinesi lidzatha kugwiritsa ntchito chiwongoladzanja cha pachaka cha zomangira za boma.

Kufotokozera mwachidule nkhani zomwe zikufotokozedwa, ziyenera kuzindikiranso kuti chizindikiro chachumachi chimathandiza bwino wogulitsa ndalama kuti athe kupeza ndalama zopezera ndalama zapadera pa kupanga.