Moyo ndi zochuluka Aleksandra Nevskogo. 3 ft Aleksandra Nevskogo

Prince a Novgorod, mwana wa Yaroslav Vsevolodovich anagonjetsa mdani aliyense nkhondo, koma ndikanathera, kuwonetsa mwapadera bungwe ndipo zamtendere luso, anagwetsa mdani wamphamvu kuti adzapulumutsa anthu ake ku ovulala m'banja.

Mu mbiri Russian ndi nthawi mulibe zokwanira lankhondo atagonjetsa adani mgugu. Ndipo olamulira anzeru ndi akazembe, poganiza kuti, sanapite kulunjika pa mdani - adapirira, anthu opulumutsidwa mphamvu zawo akumenyetsa mdani motsimikiza, pokhalabe ambiri a asilikali ake.

Moyo ndi zochuluka Aleksandra Nevskogo

Grand Prince a Novgorod ndi imodzi mwa anthu amene osati kwakhudza tsoka la anthu athu ndi lawo, koma m'njira zambiri zasintha, komanso kutumikira Inde tsogolo la mbiri kwa zaka zambiri.

Prince Alexander anabadwa mu 1220 (ena amati 1221) mu Pereslavl Zalessky. atate wake - Pereyaslavl Prince Yaroslav. Mayi - Theodosius, mwana wamng'ono wa Prince Mstislav.

Kuyambira ndili mwana, Alexander anali nawo zochitika zandale, umene panthawi imeneyo chinali ndi ukulu wa Novgorod Wamkulu. mzinda uno kwambiri za moyo wa nkhondo mtsogoleri, woganiza ndi nzeru za anthu.

Novgorod ukulu

Kumayambiriro January 1231, Alexander anakhala kalonga wa Novgorod ofunda ndime m'bale wake. Mphamvu zonse anali m'manja mwa bambo ake. Mu 1233, M'bale Theodore anafa. Mu 1236-mamita Prince Yaroslav anatenga anamasulidwa ndi nthawi wachifumu wa Kiev. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo 16 wazaka Alexander anakhala akulamulira yekha Novgorod.

Mukhoza kumva funso ili: "Kodi anamanganso chiyani Alexander Nevsky?" Masiku ano, ife angakuuzeni za izo. Koma poyamba ndikufuna kuona kuti kuchiyambi kwa ulamuliro wake Novgorod anali ndi nthawi yovuta - Chitata kuwukira.

Kuti khamu Novgorod wa Batu palibe komabe, koma pa nthawi ino adaonongedwa ndi mzinda waukulu Russian, anapha akalonga bravest.

Komanso, loopsa kwambiri kwa Novgorod anali Ankhondo German, patsogolo kuchokera kumadzulo. Ndi ovutika Alexander Sweden, limene pachiyambi cha m'ma XIII anayamba mwapang'onopang'ono m'dera la Russia.

Nkhondo pa Neva

Fotokozani anamanganso mmikono Aleksandra Nevskogo n'kofunika ndendende ndi nkhondo imeneyi, chifukwa anali woyamba kwambiri mayeso kwa kalonga. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti Iye anadutsa ndi mitundu zouluka, pamene akusonyeza ubwino wa mtsogoleri osati asilikali waluntha, koma wanzeru chithunzi ndale.

Ndi anamuperekeza wamng'ono, popanda kuyembekezera thandizo la bambo ake ndi akalonga ena, Alexander anakamanga msasa. M'njiramo iye teamed ndi ladozhanami mwadzidzidzi (July 15) anaukira msasa Swedish. Monga amadziwika, asilikali a Russia anagonjetsa asilikali a Sweden. Pamene mdani yaikulu zomvetsa rusichi anataya anthu 20. Amakhulupirira kuti imfa ya asilikali a Alexander penapake m'munsi, koma pa nthawi yomweyo mtengo wa Battle pa Neva mwachionekere - ngakhale Mongol goli, Russia anali kufotokoza malire ake.

chigonjetso chopanda malire lofunika kwambiri kwa mkulu wa makumi awiri. Anapita naye yotchuka kwambiri ndi dzina wolemekezeka - Nevsky.

Zitachitika izi, Alexander anakangana ndi Novgorod, ndi banja lake, amake ndi "bwalo lake" anachoka mu mzindawu. Mwina chifukwa mkangano anali wopondereza wake (monga bambo wake) ulamuliro. Zinabweretsa kulimbikira kwa boyars. Alexander anasamukira ku Pereyaslavl, kumene anakhala kalonga.

Popanda wolamulira wamphamvu Novgorod sanathe kutsutsa mdani wina - ndi Akhristu. Knights anagwirizana ndi Estonia ( "chudyu") analanda Izborsk ndipo kenako Pskov. Chaka chotsatira, mu manja awo unali mzinda thabwa pa mtsinje Luga. Yaroslav a Novgorod anayamba kufunsa kutumiza kuthandiza mwana wake. Poyamba, Grand Duke anatumizidwa ku Novgorod mwana wamng'ono - Andrew, koma pambuyo zopempha mobwerezabwereza kwa nzika anavomera kutumiza Alexander. Zochita za Aleksandra Nevskogo anali pa milomo aliyense, choncho zikumangidwa ziyembekezo. Ndipo ine ndiyenera kunena kuti moyo kwa iwo kwathunthu. Mu 1241 Novgorod gleefully moni wamng'ono kalonga.

Nkhondo ndi Germany

zochuluka zonse Aleksandra Nevskogo ndi zofunika kwambiri mu kukula kwa statehood Russian. Kugonjetsa dziko la Germany - yotero.

Prince Alexander, anafika ku Novgorod, anayamba kuchita chamuna. Mu chaka chomwecho iye analanda linga mwaye, yomwe inamangidwa ndi Germany. Gawo la adani iye chidwi, ena kupita kwanu ndi opanduka (Vozha Mtsinje ndi Estonians) n'kupachikidwa.

Chaka chotsatira, ndi Novgorod, Alexander ndi Andreya m'bale wake ankhondo anayenda Pskov. mzinda anamasulidwa ku ankhondowo mwachilungamo wophweka. Gawo la German anaphedwa, gawo anatumizidwa ku Novgorod monga zofunkha pankhondoyo.

Kumanga pa bwino, asilikali Russian anasamukira ku Estonia, koma mu zipolowe loyamba la vanguard a Alexander anagonjetsedwa. asilikali Russian anabwerera.

April 5, 1242 kunali nkhondo pa Nyanja Peipus, lomwe m'mbiri otchedwa Battle pa Ice. Estonians ndi Germany kusuntha "nkhumba" (mphero), nakantha vanguard a Russian, koma posakhalitsa anamuzungulira ndi kuwonongedwa.

Last ft Aleksandra Nevskogo

Mu 1245 mu mzinda wa Torzhok ndi Bezhetsk anasamukira Chilituyaniya asilikali kutsogoleredwa ndi Mindaugas. Pamene anthu ali ndi chidwi ndi moyo wa mkulu kwambiri, anafunsa kuti: "Kodi chintchito atsopano Aleksandra Nevskogo?" The ofufuza udindo, ndithu kugonjetsa Lithuanians.

Kumasula Toropets, Prince Alexander anapha khumi Akalonga Lithuanians. Pambuyo pake, iye anabalalitsa Novgorod kunyumba ndi mphamvu ya kumuwombera wake mmwamba ndi kwathunthu asilikali Chilituyaniya pa Nyanja Zhiztsa. Tikaonanso Novgorod, kumuwombera a kalonga anagonjetsa detachment ina Lithuanians.

Kumuwombera Alexander anali oopsa mphamvu. Ngakhale amatchula zimenezi adani a mantha. 3 ft Aleksandra Nevskogo, amene anachimwitsa ndi asilikali ake amphamvu, akhoza sangafikire Batu. Atagonjetsedwa wa Lithuanians Alexander "adaitana" kwa gulu.

Relations ndi Chitata Mongolia

Mu 1947, Andrew namtsata m'bale wake Alexander Nevsky, anapita Batu, chiguluchi. Abale anabwerera yekha mu 1249. Andrew analandira kuchokera Khan Simungachite wachifumu wa Vladimir ndi Alexander - mu Kiev. udindo ofunda kwapatsidwa kwa Alexander, anali wapamwamba. Koma Chitata unawononge- Kyiv pafupifupi anataya kufunika kwake ku moyo wa boma. Alexander Choncho sakukhutitsidwa ndi chigamulo chimenechi. Osati wotseka mu Kiev, iye anapita ku Novgorod.

Policy Aleksandra Nevskogo kwa zaka zambiri kumatanthauza asapita pakati Russia ndi gulu, East ndi West. Kenako, appeasement wa gulu anapitiriza Muscovite akalonga - zidzukulu ndi odana nane kwambiri Aleksandra Nevskogo. Kuti adakhoza kenako mphamvu ya Russia, ndipo potsiriza bwererani goli naye.

Nthumwi Prince Alexander

Enumerating zochita za Aleksandra Nevskogo, sakhoza okha athandizapo ake ankhondo. Iye anali nthumwi bwino, angathe kusaina zofunika kwambiri zimenezi boma. Mu 1251 iye anali angathe kusaina mgwirizano pakati Norway ndi Novgorod pa Kudulidwa Kwamalile A Malo mikangano malire ndi levies msonkho pa gawo lalikulu kuti anali anthu a Sami ndi Karelian. Mu 1260 iye anali zinasaina pangano malonda ndi Lubeck, Gotland ndi mizinda German. Iye anatsimikizira kukhala cholimba kwambiri. Iwo anatchula iye ngakhale 1420.

masiku otsiriza a Alexander

Kubwerera mu 1263 ku ulendo wachinayi ndi gulu la, Alexander anadwala. Gorodets, limene lili pa Volga poganiza kuti masiku ake akwanira, kalonga anatenga malonjezo ake kumene kumakhala Amonke, ndi pa November 14 iye anali atapita.

Ife ndinakuuzani inu za moyo wamkulu munthu, amene chopereka mbiri ya boma Russian sitingalephere kukambapo. Zochita za Aleksandra Nevskogo, moyo wake, chopambana nkhondo, ndi zoyenereza za nthumwi woyenera chidwi ndi ulemu.