Monga dongosolo la endocrine la munthu limayendetsa njira zamkati mu thupi.

Ndondomeko ya mtundu wa anthu pamodzi ndi dongosolo la mitsempha limayendetsa njira zofunikira mthupi, kuwapatsa iwo otchedwa malamulo ozunguliridwa ndi kusunga nyumbaostasis mmenemo, i.e. Kulumikizana kwa mkati. Njira zoterezi zamkati zamankhwala zimaphunziridwa mwatsatanetsatane ndi sayansi ya endocrinology. Zodabwitsa za ziwalo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi lingaliro la kachitidwe ka mtundu wa anthu ndikuti iwo alibe madontho osakanizika ku thupi la thupi. Amapereka zotsatira za kusungunula kwawo, kopanda apo mahomoni, mwachindunji m'magazi ndi mchere wamadzimadzi, mosiyanitsa ndi magulu a exocrine omwe amalumikizana ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi, komanso malo ena akunja.

Mchitidwe wamatope wa munthu umasiyana ndi machitidwe ena a thupi ndi "mtunda" wake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kulamulira thupi kumbali yake sikuchitika kumalo kumene zinthu zogwira ntchito monga mahomoni zimapangidwa, koma kutali kwambiri ndizo. Mwachitsanzo, antidiuretic hormone imapangidwa muchitsipa cha pituitary, chomwe chiri mu crane, ndi zotsatira zake pa tubules zamphongo. Zomwezo ndi oxytocin. Ndicho chipangidwe cha malo am'madzi omwe ali m'mphepete mwa chigwacho, ndipo malo apamwamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi minofu ya chiberekero.

Mapuloteni a munthu aliyense ali ndi makwerero otsogolera. Zilonda zamkati zonse zomwe zimapanga mahomoni omwe amadziwika ndizo zimakhudzidwa ndi dongosolo la hypothalamic-pituitary, lomwe likuwongolera mwachindunji ntchito zamanjenje ndi zomangamanga za ubongo. Mtundu wa pituitary ndi chiyanjano pakati pa glands za m'munsi ndi hypothalamus. Wachiwiriwa, pozindikira chizindikiro cha mitsempha ya mitsempha, amapanga "kutulutsa mahomoni" (statins ndi liberins) omwe amakhudza maselo a pituitary ndikuwapangitsa kuti awoneke kapenanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni otentha. Tropic hormone adenohypophysis imakhudza mwachindunji chikho chomaliza. Mwachitsanzo, mahomoni otulutsa chithokomiro amangochita khungu la chithokomiro, komanso mahomoni otchedwa lactopyropiya m'matumbo a mammary. Gawo lomalizira la malamulo osasinthasintha ndi kupititsa mahomoni oyenerera, omwe kudzera mwazi ndi mitsempha imakhudza kagayidwe kake, kukula, zakudya ndi chitukuko cha ziwalo zina ndi machitidwe.

Ndi mankhwala ake, mahomoni onse akhoza kupatulidwa m'magulu akulu anai: glycoprotein, protein-peptide, steroid ndi amino acid. Komanso akhoza kukhala (monga tatchulidwa pamwamba) ogawanika ndi zochita zawo. Mahomoni otchedwa hypothalamic ndi pituitary ndiwo mahomoni opondereza, ndi ena onse kwa opanga. Oyendetsa malo amayendetsa ntchito ya mahomoni-opanga.

Matenda a dongosolo la endocrine amadana kwambiri ndi momwe thupili limakhalira. Chithunzi chogwirizanitsa chithandizo chidzadalira mlingo wa mankhwalawa. Zingakhudzidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha kusadziwika kosadziwika kwa zinthu zamoyo. Pathophysiology ya dongosolo la endocrine ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndiloti ngati thupi limachepetsa kutsekemera kwa mahomoni, ndiye kuchipatala kudzawoneka ngati kuchepa kwake, ndipo, mosiyana, mosiyana. Chitsanzo ndi myxedema kapena hypothyroidism, pamene ntchito ya chithokomiro imachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo imayang'anizana ndi thyrotoxic goiter mu kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro.

Mankhwala opondereza anthu, ngakhale kuti chitukuko chofulumira komanso chofulumira chithandizo cha mankhwala ndi nanotechnology, sichimvetsetsedwa bwino ndi munda wa anatomy ndi physiology. Komabe, zomwe kale zimadziwika ndi sayansi, zimalola madotolo a madokotala kuti azitha kuthana ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala ndi kupewa zomwe zimachititsa kuti asakhale ndi moyo wabwino.