The spreadsheet ndi chiyani? Tebulo mu "Eksele". kompyuta zokha

Popeza amasulidwe woyamba kwambiri mankhwala Microsoft mu mawonekedwe a Maapatimenti olimba ofesi mu dziko lero chimodzi cha zida chidwi kwambiri ndi zofunikira ndi spreadsheets. The spreadsheet chomwecho lakonzedwa kuti athetse mavuto ambiri, osati kuchita kumodzi ntchito masamu, monga anthu ena ntchito, monga kupambana. Adakali zolinga zambiri, mwachitsanzo kwa chilengedwe ndi gulu zinasokoneza makompyuta. Gwirizanani, chifukwa Access - komanso tebulo ntchito. Koma tsopano, pakuti cha kuphweka, timaona ndi "kupambana" spreadsheet, ngati iwo ali ambiri.

The spreadsheet ndi chiyani? mafotokozedwe ambiri

Monga kulemekezedwa Intaneti amati, ndi spreadsheet kapena ntchito udindo limakupatsani kulenga kapena ntchito ndi izo, ndi ntchito mapulogalamu lakonzedwa kuti ntchito masamu ndi kuwerengetsera zina pamaziko a magulu awiri azithunzi omwe tikunena deta.

Zochita chachikulu ntchito magwiridwe izi tingaone ndithu kwambiri. Komabe, mu nkhani kwambiri ambiri, tikhoza kunena kuti spreadsheet lakonzedwa zolinga amenewa:

• masamu, algebraic ndi kuwerengetsera ena;
• zochita zokha njira zowerengera;
• chilengedwe statement a chuma;
• masamu ndi kusanthula structural;
• masamu mawerengeredwe;
• zolembedwa mawerengedwe, ndi zina zotero. d.

N'zosavuta kuona kuti kwenikweni onse amabwera pansi kuti masamu ndi ena ofanana. Koma ambiri a mapulogalamu kuti ntchito deta tabular chidwi kuti owerenga mu malo oyamba kuti zochita zokha za mawerengedwe a ingagwiritsidwe ntchito iwo. M'mawu ena, palibe kufunika kwa nthawi iliyonse, ndi kulankhula, kukhazikitsa ena chilinganizo kupeza chifukwa analakalaka njira zofanana. Kudzera njira iyi, ntchito ya spreadsheets, izo zimapangitsa zinthu mosavuta.

Tebulo mu "Eksele" kapena alionse ofanana: structural gulu

Tsopano tikambirane zimene mwina spreadsheet kupambana ofotokoza ntchito kuti ndi mbali ya Maapatimenti aliyense ofesi. mapulogalamu ena onse kuganizira chifukwa bungwe lawo ndi pafupifupi ofanana.

Ndiye n'chifukwa mu tebulo "Eksele" ndi ziwiri ooneka enieni zosiyanasiyana deta? Basi chifukwa unali ntchito ngati ndondomeko awiri, ngati mulankhula izo kwa maganizo a gulu la masamu a. Pali zinthu ziwiri zikuluzikulu: mizere ndi spreadsheet ndi mizati, omwe akusonyeza nambala ndiponso makalata (m'mabaibulo ena kupambana - manambala okha).

Choncho aumbike khungu ndi malo apadera (mwachitsanzo, woyamba ali lakuti A1). Chotero bungwe ndi kufunikira ntchito mitunduyi amene analowa sali mu mawonekedwe mwachizolowezi, ndi kumasonyeza manambala selo ndi zochita zimene zimakhudzana ndi iwo.

Komabe, tisaiwale kuti spreadsheet lakonzedwa osati ntchito ndi ziwiri ooneka enieni magulu. Ndithu chabe, inu mukhoza kuwonjezera magawo atatu ntchito mu mawonekedwe a nambala pepala polenga mtanda maulalo, ndiko chilinganizo kapena kuphunzira zowerengera limasonyeza limasonyeza atatu. Izi ndi zothandiza mu zinthu m'ndende ku maselo a mitundu yosiyanasiyana deta.

Pomaliza, tinganene, ndi pa kuthekera wa makamu anayi ooneka enieni, monga pamene khazikitsa kugwirizana ntchito ndi pepala ina, wina pulogalamu kunja kapena owona munthu kukhala ndi maselo data-womangidwa, kapena njira zimagwiridwa kwa iwo.

Mitundu zona deta

mudziwe analowa mukachipinda angakhale ndi khalidwe chosiyana. Izi zidalira pa wotani kanthu ziyenera kuchitika.

Mwachitsanzo, anatipatsa mtundu M'ndandanda, chifukwa kuwerengetsera algebraic angagwiritsidwe ntchito Komanso tiwolokere, kuchuluka kapena kalembedwe sayansi masamu wamba. Mophweka, mungagwiritse ntchito tsiku ndi nthawi akamagwiritsa, zikhoza kukhala zothandiza mitundu ndalama kapena chuma. Pankhaniyi, pamene deta, mtundu wawo basi lidzasinthidwa athandizira ankafuna.

Pomaliza, mmunda uliwonse, inu mukhoza kuika mtundu lemba, imene mauthenga onse chimaonetsedwa mawonekedwe, umene unayamba ndi kiyibodi.

Kugwiritsa mitunduyi yosavuta

Computer spreadsheets poyamba ankamuona ngati kwathunthu njira masamu. Ndipo aliyense wosuta amene chiyambi chabe kuti ntchito zoterezi mapulogalamu, tiyenera kuphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito ngakhale yosavuta mitunduyi.

Monga tanenera kale, iwo anapereka mu maonekedwe enieni. Mwachitsanzo, mmunda uliwonse ndi kukhazikitsa manambala mankhwala opangidwa ndi maselo osiyana sizimene kulemba 2 × 2. Chifukwa chaichi, muyenera mwachindunji adiresi lomwelo, limene takambirana pamwambapa. Kuganiza kuti tili awiri amene zili maselo ndi ndondomeko A1 ndi B1 (A ndi B - mizati 1 ndi 2 - mizere ya spreadsheet). Kulowa chilinganizo ntchito m'minda yapadera pansi toolbars, amene poyamba anali kusonyeza Program ya Action ukugwira ndipo amasonyeza adiresi ankafuna. Choncho, wosazindikira chulutsa ndiyo njira: = A1 * B1, ndi chimene manambala adzakhala adalowa maselo, si kofunika. Ndizo basi chilinganizo wokha sukhalira komanso zotchulidwa mu munda zenizeni, amene ayenera kukhala wosiyana yapita awiri (mwinamwake pulogalamu amangokhala kutaya kulakwitsa).

N'zochititsa chidwi kuchuluka kwa maonekedwe. Inu akhoza kungoyankha kulembetsa Kuwonjezera (= A1 + B1), koma ntchito zosiyanasiyana deta athandizira kuti motalika kwambiri. Choncho zimakhala zosavuta kuti musankhe ngati lonse, ngakhale ntchito gulu lapadera.

Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa osiyanasiyana kuchokera A1 kuti A10 pamene adalowa mitunduyi A11 kunena munda akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi: = ndalama (A1: A10) kapena kungoti alemba pa batani pa gulu Autosum poonetsa foni inayake pansi otsiriza a osiyanasiyana athandizira.

Kumene, kokha mitunduyi amenewa si, ndi kuwerengetsera onse kuti akumvetseni bwino yokha mwa chizolowezi.

Ubale ndi ulaliki mawonekedwe deta

No zochepa chidwi kuyang'ana ndi mbali zina zokhudzana ndi mtanda yofotokozedwapo , ndi deta ulaliki. Timayamba ndi wachiwiri.

Ngati munthu sadziwa, pa maziko a tebulo akhoza kupangidwa malipoti integral, monga zithunzi, kutulutsa zoyeserera zinthu zosiyana ngakhale kuti zing'onozing'ono yaitali Zoneneratu, ngakhale chintchito ndi matchati ndi mbali yaing'ono chabe zimene mungathe m'ndondomeko zotere.

Owonjezerawo mu gawo kale otchulidwa. Iwo nawo kumangako deta onse ndondomeko ku zinthu zosiyanasiyana (maselo, mapepala ndi ntchito zina, owona, Internet maulalo, ndi zina zotero. D.). Apa, munda wa ntchito alibe malire. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, owerenga ambiri n'komwe chakuti mu kupambana chomwecho mosavuta kulenga masewera wodzichepetsa. A chitsanzo chapadera cha ichi - "Nyoka".

Pomaliza

Mpaka kuwonjezera kuti spreadsheet ndi osati kwa woposa onse. Mwayi mapulogalamu, awo ntchito tikulidziwa, koma kufotokoza izo zonse, ngakhale mu kwambiri achidule mawonekedwe, sizigwira ntchito thupi konse chikhumbo. Choncho, ngati mukufuna kuphunzira mmene ntchito ndi matebulo ndi ntchito zinchito yonse, izo zidzakhala zofunikira, monga iwo nkuti, kuti peruse ndi luso zolembedwa (phindu la zokhudza nkhaniyo mofanana kupambana ankaimira pa apamwamba mlingo).