Monga anakonza kumapeto mu nthano ya? Nthano ndi makhalidwe ake

Kuti anthu kusonkhana ndi "nthano"? Ndithudi kutuluka labambo Krylov, zingaoneke anakumbukira chinachake za nyani ndi magalasi amene kukumbukira bwino, iye adzaitana Aesop. Koma polemba chinenero cha nthano zambiri chidwi kwambiri ndi kwambiri achikulire. Choncho, ife tikukhulupirira kuti anthu akale anafunsa m'mene liyenera mapeto mu nthano za. Poyankha, tidzayesetsa kuti funso limeneli m'nkhani ino.

N'chifukwa chiyani nthano?

Kuyambira kalekale, ana (ndi ena akulu kwambiri) ndi kuzimvetsa: chifukwa mantha ovuta phompho, chifukwa m'pofunika kumvera kaphokoso mu tchire pafupi phangalo, n'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kumvera akulu, ndi zikwi osiyana "chifukwa" ndi "chake." Anthu ayenera amphamvu, yosavuta kumva zitsanzo. Koma makhalidwe mu nkhani iyi ndi bwino kupewa, kalembedwe zambiri chifukwa kunyansidwa yekha. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa palibe amene amakonda wakumangilira, chifukwa nthawi zonse fungo chitonzo ndi choneneza. Koma anatulukira nkhani za mfundo zenizeni amene akhulupirira ngakhale mwana woyenera kwathunthu.

A wamkulu ndi zitsanzo zake za sakhulupirira si kholo pamaso pa mwana - ndi "prohibitive chizindikiro", koma dziko ndi lalikulu kwambiri chidwi.

The mwana alibe kudziwa kuti makolo ndi kubisala pansi pa chiletso, iye akuganiza za otsatirawa: "Bwanji ngati iwo amachita izo mwa Ngakhale" Ndipo amayamba ena amakhulupirira invulnerability wake, iwo amati, kwenikweni ndi ine, ndiye kanthu chidzachitika ndithu.

Osadandaula, owerenga wokondedwa, zambiri mwachindunji zogwirizana funso monga kukonza ndi mapeto mu nthano za. Ndipo ife kusuntha mopitirira mu zokambirana zathu

Chifukwa nthano wabwino monga chida maphunziro

Nthano kapena achibale ake (a fanizo kapena nthano) amapha mbalame zitatu ndi rhinestones.

1. Amapewa didacticism.
2. Limafotokoza nkhani zochititsa chidwi.
3. Ndipo amapereka mwana wa maphunziro woyamba wa makhalidwe abwino.

Nthawi zina makhalidwe aikidwa pa chiyambi cha nkhani kuti alembe kukongola ndi nzeru ya wolemba. Pamene nawatanthawuzira iwo adziwika kale, ntchito owerenga ndi yokhayo zachilendo a chiwembu ndi kukongola kwa kalembedwe.

Tsopano inu mosavuta kuyankha funso la m'mene liyenera mapeto mu nthano za. Iye anatumikira mu mawonekedwe a makhalidwe abwino, amene ali ambiri opepuka ndi unobtrusive, koma maphunziro abwino a nthano anakumbukira moyo wonse.

Komabe, Russian owerenga mawu "nthano" kwenikweni kugwirizana ndi mawonekedwe ndime.

Aesop ndi Phaedrus

Poyamba, nkhani ndi makhalidwe anali prosaic. Aesop ndi Phaedrus (wotchuka fabulist amakedzana) kulenga nkhani yaing'ono ndi mapeto zothandiza kwambiri. omvera awo ndi amaonetsa alibe ngakhale nthawi kuganiza, "Kodi mapeto anakonza mu nthano ya?" Pa nthawi imeneyi, pamene kumva mawu otsiriza, ntchito makhalidwe sanakhalenso ndi umboni iwo.

Ntchito za Aesop ndi Phaedrus anali atsopano ndi zina zambiri chidwi m'nthawi kuti ntchito yawo pamodzi ndi okhometsa ndi retold kwa wina ndi mnzake kunyumba. Koma patapita nthawi, ife sanasinthe zithunzi ndi mizere, ndi zachilendo kwa lingaliro akale akhoza wofu- mtundu watsopano, makhalidwe abwino wina sinali yodabwitsa nthano.

Zhan Lafonten

Wolemba ndakatulo Zhan Lafonten ankatembenukira zakale mu ndime French. malingaliro Old anayamba kusewera ndi mitundu yatsopano ndi nkhani chachikale chinkawavuta akhala kwamakono mwa Paris, ndiyeno anzeru Russian. akuluakulu Russian: A.P.Sumarokov, V.K.Trediakovsky - loyamba kumasuliridwa ndi nthano ya La Fontaine, ndiyeno anamutenga kulemba kwanu. Mwachibadwa, kutsanzira mawonekedwe a nthawi, iwo anachita mu mawonekedwe a ntchito yaing'ono rhymed.

IA Krylov

Chimake cha mtundu wanyimbo izi mu Russia imatengedwa kuti ndi ntchito ya Krylov. Pali nthano ndakatulo ndi mwayi monga nthano, monga ulamuliro, ali lingaliro limodzi, ndipo onse a zilembo zake cholinga kusonyeza chitsanzo cha lamanja kapena khalidwe loipa, n'zosavuta ndi wanzeru, pang'ono ntchito zoipa nyimbo, ndi kayimbidwe kotani ena ndidzalizindikiritsa bwino.

Poti nthano Krylov si osiyana kwambiri ndi makhalidwe a akalambula ake akale. Chinthu chokha chimene ine ndikufuna kutsindika kuti wittingly kapena mosadziwa Ivan Andreyevich anali oyenerera nthano nkhani pansi zenizeni Russian ndi kupangitsa bwino kwa wowerenga m'banja kapena womvetsera, yemweyu ali wowona za Ln Tolstoy.

Komabe, anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti prose N'chapafupi amaona njira zosiyanasiyana zimene anagwiritsa ntchito polenga rhymes, kusokoneza kumvetsa zimene zikuchitika mu nkhani ndi nkhani malire blur. Mwinamwake, koma amapulumutsa makhalidwe. Nthawi yomweyo kuulula wachiwiri kapena ukoma, wolemba akulongosola, kupanga mankhwala yochepa, achidule ndi wathunthu.

Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhani chingatithandize owerenga kumvetsa, ndithu moona, n'zosavuta kukayikira dzina la linanena bungwe kwa nthano, komanso anamulimbikitsa kuti muwerengenso ntchito powerenga polemba chinenero ichi aluso zoweta ndi achilendo.