Mogilev History zithunzi

Belarus lili kum'mawa kwa mzinda wa Mogilev, imene m'ma makumi awiri, anati mutu wa likulu la Byelorussian SSR. Lerolino mzindawo lili ndi anthu anthu 380.000 Bole. Mwachirengedwe, mzinda lagawidwa pawiri loyenda mtsinje Dnepr pano: Zadneprovskaya mbali ndi mizu. The mtsinje amakhalabe yodutsira kwa masiku 110 mpaka 230 pa chaka. Mbiri ya Mogilev mu zithunzi Adzaperekedwa ku tcheru chanu m'nkhani ino.

Maziko a mzinda

Mogilev mbiri kunayamba akale. zofukulidwa m'mabwinja asonyeza kuti malo mzinda kunkakhala anthu padziko m'ma V, ndi kale mu X atumwi panali Pamudzi pano. Pali nthano zambiri zokhudza maziko a Mogilev. Malinga ndi mmodzi wa iwo, mzinda linakhazikitsidwa ndi amisiri ndi amalonda mozungulira nyumbayi, yomwe inamangidwa 1267 mkulu wa Prince Lev Mogiya. Archaeologically nthano ichi sichinasinthidwe watsimikizira, pamene zotsalira za kulinga anapezeka sanali.

Nthano wina watiuza kuti mzinda inamangidwa mozungulirapo wa mipingo ya Orthodox kapena chomwecho anakhazikitsidwa Polotsk kalonga Lvom Vladimirovichem.

Nkhani otchuka kwambiri zikamera wa Mogilev ananena kuti nkhalango anakhala wakuba zigawenga lotsogoleredwa ndi Ataman Masek, amene anali wolemekezeka ndi mphamvu yoposa. Boyar mundilanda Masek, amene analipo pa nthawi imeneyo mtendere wamba mkwatibwi, ndipo anaganiza kubwezera anapita ku nkhalango. Ataman anaphedwa adampereka mkwatibwi wake, osawuka anamuika m'manda ku imodzi mwa mtsinje wa Dnieper, pa mulu manda unatsanulidwa, ndipo manda linatchedwa "Manda a Mkango." N'chifukwa chake mzindawo zayamba pano otchedwa Mogilev.

Nkhani Mogilev

Kuyambira pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mzinda anatumikira monga kumbuyo ntchito linga-kuthetsa ndipo, nthawi zambiri, anali pafupifupi inawonongedwa ndi Chitata anawazunza mu zaka za m'ma XIII, umboni ndi amapeza ambiri ofukula zinthu zakale.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba monga Mogilev kuthetsa otchulidwa m'ma XIV mu "Mndandanda wa mizinda ya ku Russia, pafupi ndi kutali." Pa nthawi kuti analibe wapadera ntchito andale ndi azachuma. Kale m'zaka za m'ma XVI Mogilev ndi mbali yofunika ya Grand Duchy la Lithuania Komanso, iye ankaona chuma la Polish Mfumukazi Jadwiga, mkazi wa Grand Duke la Lithuania. zaka 200 pambuyo pake, mu 1503, mumzinda chinaperekedwa kwa ena Polish mfumukazi - Helena.

M'zaka za m'ma XVI Mogilev anayamba mwachangu kukhala ndi kukula ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo Magdeburg, amene anapanga izo wokongola m'maboma - anansi Lithuania. Choncho, mu zaka za m'ma XVII mzinda anatengedwa popanda kumenyana ndi asilikali Russian, koma zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri kenako iye anali kubwerera mu Commonwealth. Mzindawu lowonongeka mu nthawi ya nkhondo Chirasha Polish.

Zaka Chirasha Swedish Nkhondo ya 1700-1721 unam'chititsanso zimaononga Mogilev, anali onse zinamenyanitsa ndi ngalande ndi mpanda wolimba kwambiri okonzeka. Choyamba kugawa la Poland mu 1772 zinachititsa kuti kulanda Mogilev mu Russian Ufumu 1777 anakhazikitsidwa m'chigawo Mogilev. Patatha zaka 3, izo ziri pano kuti msonkhano wa Russian Mfumukazi Catherine Wachiwiri ndi Mfumu Joseph a Austria. Pa nkhondo ndi Napoleon pafupi Mogilev anali nkhondo Russian oyenda Corps ndi French asilikali kutsogoleredwa ndi General Davout. chochitika inapatulidwa ndi chipilala anaikidwa kuno.

Mogilev mu XX atumwi

M'zaka nkhondo ya 1914-1917. ndendende ili mu Mogilev mlingo Mfumu Nicholas II. Pambuyo zochitika za February 1917 Commander mlingo pano unakhalabe, mpaka November 1917.

Mu 1938 Mogilev ankayenera kuti likulu la Byelorussian SSR Choncho, anagwira ntchito yomanganso yogwira m'mizinda zamangidwa hotelo, mafilimu a kanema, Mipikisano storey zogona nyumba Komabe, chifukwa cha inalowa of Western Belarus Mogilev sanakhale likulu. Kachiwiri Mogilev akufuna kuti likulu pakutha pa nkhondo ya 1941-1945., Pamene Minsk anali pafupifupi inawonongedwa, koma izo sizinachitike kachiwiri.

Pa Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya Mogilev kuti anali kulamulidwa ndi Anazi mu July 1941 ndipo anamasulidwa yekha mu June 1944. Panthawi imeneyi, pafupifupi 100 zikwi Chiwerengero cha mzindawo ndi madera ozungulira anaphedwa kapena kutumizidwa ku Germany ntchito yaukapolo. Pa gawo la kundende ndi polumikizira msasa akaidi a nkhondo izo unakhazikitsidwa.

City m'zaka XXI

M'zaka za m'ma XXI Mogilev ndi pakati chikhalidwe ndi chuma cha m'dera Mogilev. Chopereka zikuluzikulu chuma m'maderawa akupanga mafuta kuyenga, makina zomanga ndi malo zitsulo-ntchito, mzinda ali Europe yaikulu wopanga ulusi poliyesitala. Mogilev ndipo ndi imodzi mwa madera maphunziro a Belarus, pali 7 mayunivesite ndi 12 sekondale.

zowoneka za mzinda

Mogilev patsogolo ntchito ndi dziko la Germany mu 1941, mumzinda modzitama ambiri zokopa, koma pafupifupi onse a iwo anawonongedwa. mzinda anasunga Orthodox zipilala, monga:

• St. Nicholas kunyumba;
• Roma Katolika Cathedral wa Akukwera;
• Cathedral wa Hierarchs atatu;
• Woyera Cross Mpingo;
• Woyera Cross Cathedral.

Kuwonjezera pa malo opempherera, mu Mogilev pali mfundo zina chidwi, omwe ali zothandiza kudziwa mbiri yakale.

ulemerero lalikulu

M'nthawi ya mbiri Polish Mogilev limatipangitsa kumuyandikira monga mzinda wotukuka. Iye ankaona yaikulu doko mtsinje ndi apakati ankatchedwa Msika. Pambuyo pa kukhala mbali ya Russian Ufumu, m'dera anadziwika monga kazembe, ndi chitukuko cha deralo kuchita Russian mapulani. akale ritelo masitolo ndi nyumba zinayi zofanana zinamangidwa anachotsa: m'nyumba ya bwanamkubwa ndi wachiwiri kazembe, bungwe akuzigawo ndi nyumba yoweruzira milandu, gulu zachipatala ndi Archive (panopa m'dera mbiri owonetsera zakale).

Mpaka tsopano asungidwa nyumba chachinayi cha zovuta ndi. Pambuyo pa October kuukira boma, m'dera linatchedwa Soviet n'kumene anaphera woonekeratu wa partisans pankhondo ya 1941-45. Mu 2014, dera analandira dzina pano - Square Omveka.

Hall (Moguilev)

History limatiuza kuti kubwezeretsedwa kwa City Hall pa akuluakulu Chibelarusi kuchita kokha mu 2007, ngakhale kuika ophiphiritsa zinachitika mu 90s oyambirira. mzaka zana makumi awiri. Nkhani za ntchito yomanga Nyumba ya mzinda unachokera mu cha m'ma XVI, atalandira ndi kuthetsa malamulo Magdeburg. M'nyumba yakale anapangidwa mtengo umene mobwerezabwereza zinachititsa kuti moto, ndi holo tawuni anatentha kwathunthu, nchifukwa chake malo ake anasintha kangapo.

Stone Town Hall inamangidwa m'zaka 1679-1698, denga chidafundidwa ndi matailosi, pafupi holo tawuni chinakhazikitsidwa ndi makumbi awiri pa iwo gilded weathervane. Kutalika kwa nsanja ndi spire anali mamita 46. Pa Chirasha Swedish nkhondo 1700-1721 holo tawuni anawonongedwa, koma zaka makumi angapo linadzamangidwanso. Mu 1780, m'tauni holo ndipo anapita Mfumukazi Catherine Wamkulu.

Pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, ndi Town Hall anali lowonongeka, mbiri yake anazindikira chipilala tanthauzo Onse-Union. Ngakhale mlandu Board ndi kubwezeretsa holo mzinda, ntchito alibe itayamba, ndipo mu 1957 zonse yakuwadzudzumisa. City Hall mokwanira wobwezeretsedwa ndi kutsegula kwa anthu mu 2008.

Museum wa History of Mogilev lili City Hall. maholo chionetsero ili apansi awiri a nyumbayi. Iwo zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho X - chiyambi cha XX zaka kuti nkhani zochitika zofunika Pamudzi. Museum wa History of Mogilev kudikira alendo ochokera 10 m'mawa mpaka 18 koloko usiku. Lolemba ndi Lachiwiri - kutsekedwa.

munda Buynichnoe

chikumbutso ili m'mudzi wa Buinichi pafupi Mogilev. Zinali kuno m'chilimwe cha masabata 1942 awiri anali kulimbikira akumenyana ndi asilikali Soviet ndi Aroma omwe ankalamulira dzikolo German. Zovuta chinamasulidwa mu 1995 ndipo chimakwirira kudera la mahekitala oposa 20. Amakhala Chipilala, chimene ndi 27 mita mlatho zikugwirizana ndi yopemphereramo. Makoma a m'tchalitchi ndi opangidwa ndi nsangalabwi owala, lolembedwa ndi mayina a asilikali ndi partisans wa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Pansi m'tchalitchi ndi crypt kumene mabwinja anali reburied asilikali akugwa, amene ngakhale lero ndi kufufuza maphwando.

Polykovichskaya Krynica

gwero wozizwitsawu amadziwika akutali mzinda, linatsegulidwa mu zaka za m'ma XVI. Madzi kuchokera Krynica kusonkhanitsa pansi pa chigwa cha, amalowa Dnieper. Mu XIX m'ma mkulu wa Chiwerengero cha Rimsky-Korsakov Saint Paraskevi yopemphereramo inamangidwa pano. Ndipo pa mfundo imeneyi kuti ladles anali kubwerera ku gwero lake, ndiponso gwero yonenedwa mozizwitsa. Chaka chilichonse pa January 19 gwero chimakopa anthu kumbuyo zozizwitsa madzi ubatizo.

Moscow ndi Tula mayadi

Pa msewu Lenin mu Mogilev ndi woona "chilumba" likulu Russian - Moscow bwalo, unakhazikitsidwa mu 2006. Pakati ndi malo osewerera kwa ana, wopangidwa view a boma la Russia mu Moscow, pafupi Arbat ndi buku la Wall Tsoi, pamalo ena utoto ndi zithunzi pa mutu wa Moscow.

Apa, m'misewu ya Lenin, ndi bwalo lina - Tula. Pa malo ake flaunts kasupe lalikulu, samovar, apa pali malo mu Tula Kremlin. Bwalo lonse chokongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi za chovala manja Tula ndi zithunzi za ku moyo wa mzinda.

Mogilev Drama Theater

Mbiri ya Mogilev ananena kuti mpaka cha m'ma XIX mzinda wa zisudzo, ndipo akuyendayenda troupes anasonyeza pabwalo lawo zisudzo. Ndipo ndi 40 ntchentche. XIX atumwi, akuluakulu a mzinda pokonzekera zamasewero pansi lachiwiri la nyumba pa msewu mphepo. Kweneko Iye akhala nthawi yochepa ndipo patadutsa zaka 20 zasintha nyumba zingapo, chotero akuluakulu a boma mzinda muli lingaliro kumanga zisudzo. Icho chinakhazikitsidwa mu 1888 ndi ndalama zochokera ku zopereka za townsmen. Total anatenga rubles zoposa zikwi 50. Pakhomo waukulu bwalo lamasewera inali pa Chekhov ndi phunziro lathu chosema - wotchuka Lady ndi Dog.

sundial

Pakati pa sundial Mogilev ili weniweni, kusonyeza nthawi yeniyeni. Apa ndi chosema Stargazer ndi mipando 12 - zizindikiro za m'nyenyezi. Stargazer Chithunzi chimagwirizanitsa zakutali okonzeka ndi purojekitala wina wa mtengo madzulo kuti Tingaone danga.