Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mowa

Kalekale, masiku amenewo pamene abambo athu ankamwa mowa Zhigulevskoe okha adadutsa. Kwa lero kugulitsidwa n'kotheka kukumana ndi zakumwa zambiri zakumwazi. Ndi mtundu wanji wa mowa wotchuka m'dzikoli lero? Kuti muyankhe funsoli, choyamba muyenera kumvetsa pang'ono pokhapokha mukupanga zakumwa izi. Mowa pa mowa uliwonse umakonzedwa molingana ndi maphikidwe ake akale. Pambuyo pokonza zomwe zimatchedwa phala, zopangidwa kuchokera ku zitsamba zouma, zowonongeka, zamadzi ozizira zimatengedwa kuchokera, zomwe zimatchedwa wort. Amaponyedwa mu boilers yaikulu ndipo amayendetsedwa ndi timadontho ta mapiko. Mphuno yowonongeka imatsanuliridwa mu ozizira, ndiyeno ku thanki ya fermentation. Kumeneko, yisiti ya brewer imatembenuza shuga kuti ikhale carbon dioxide ndi mowa. Kuwonjezera kwa mpweya umene umatulutsidwa pa nthawi ya mphamvu yothirira mafuta umasungidwa m'matangi apadera. Kenaka amawonjezeredwa ku mowa womalizidwa . Chakumwa chimafotokozedwa momveka bwino ndi kusasitsa. Mowa ukhoza kukula kwa milungu ingapo komanso miyezi ingapo. Panthawi imeneyi, imatulanso. Chomaliza chotengeracho chingapangidwe mankhwala (kumatulutsa thovu), kufotokoza (zosafunika zimachotsedwa), ndi kuperewera.

Mitundu ya mowa

Chimodzi mwa zakumwa zotchuka kwambiri ndi mtundu wochepa wa mowa wambiri. Ma caloric okhutira ndi pafupifupi 100 kcal / 350 ml. Ku Ulaya, mowa wotere monga porter, el ndi stout ndi otchuka kwambiri. Porter poyamba inakonzedwa ngati chisakanizo cha mowa wakale, wamphamvu ndi watsopano (osati wosaibva) mowa. Chakumwa chimenechi chinakhala chotchuka kwambiri moti antchito anayamba kumwa mowa wapadera, womwe uli ndi kukoma kwa porter. El ndiyo mtundu wotchuka kwambiri ku UK. Poyamba, dzinali linali ndi zakumwa zamtenda, chifukwa chakumwa komwe kunkagwiritsa ntchito zitsamba zokhala ndi zokometsera (thyme, rosemary). Tsopano dzina ili likuyenera ku mitundu yonse ya golide ya mdima yofiira nayonso ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Msempha ndi mowa wophika kwambiri womwe umapezeka ndi nayonso mphamvu yowonjezera, ndi mdima wandiweyani, maonekedwe a viscosity apamwamba komanso fungo lokhazika mtima kwambiri la nyerere. Pali mitundu iwiri yolimba: yotsekemera (yokhala ndi caramel malt ndi kuchepa kwa mapiko) ndi owawa (ndi mazenera ambiri). Ku USA, 90% ya zakumwa izi zimayimira msanga. Pambuyo pa kuyamwa kwapakati, imasungidwa ndi kuwonjezera kwa fermenting wort kutentha. Chakumwachi chiri ndi fungo losakaniza bwino. Onse opanga mowa amapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya zakumwa izi, zomwe ziri ndi makhalidwe awoawo. M'mayiko ena padziko lapansi, zakumwa zosaledzeretsa zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu zosiyana siyana (chimanga, mapira, tirigu, manyuchi, mpunga).

Mowa "Guinness" - zotchuka Irish zakumwa

Mitundu yonse ya mowa ili ndi makhalidwe apadera. Choncho Guinness wakhala nthawi yotchuka kwambiri mowa ku Ireland. Woyambitsa chizindikiro ichi, Artur Guinness, ale wamba wophika m'mudzi wawung'ono. Atamukira ku Dublin, adatsegula mowa wake, ndipo mu 1799 anayamba kuphika mowa wamdima ndi chithovu chobiriwira. Cholinga cha kholo lake chinapitiriza mibadwo ingapo ya banja lino. Mpaka lero, Guinness ndi chizindikiro chotchuka kwambiri. Mitundu yonse ya mowa wa kampaniyi nthawi zonse imakhala yofunika kwambiri pakati pa mafani a chithovu chakumwa.