Mesolithic - izi ndi ... Kodi chidwi Mesolithic

Nthawi imeneyi pakati Paleolith ndi Neolithic otchedwa mesolit nthawi. Umayambira 15,000 BC. e. kwa 6000 BC. e. chiyambi chake chikugwirizana ndi mapeto a Ice Age. Panthawi imeneyi megafauna osaonekanso, kotero chikhalidwe cha dera European zasintha kwambiri. M'nkhaniyi tiona tanthauzo la Mesolithic ndi makhalidwe a nyengo iyi.

kutanthauza

Kwenikweni kuchokera ku Baibulo Greek "Mesolithic" amatanthauza "pakati" ndi "mwala". Mu mawu ena, "pakati mwala". Lingaliro amatanthauza lothandiza pakati neolith ndi Paleolith. Kwa ena m'madera asayansi ntchito chimodzimodzi akuti - epipaleolithic.

Chiyambi cha nthawi Mesolithic

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, Mesolithic ali chiyambi chake pa mapeto a Ice Age. Padziko lathuli, wayikidwa akhale nyengo mwachizolowezi anthu, aumbike ngati nyama ndi zomera ano. Mu anthu Mesolithic anasamukira kutali kumpoto. Izi zikutanthauza kuti iye katswiri m'dera la Scotland ano, mayiko Baltic ndipo ngakhale m'madera ena a ku gombe la nyanja ya Arctic.

Ndi malo wopambana zofunika pa izi asayansi nthawi ndikukhulupirira atayamba mivi ndi uta, ndi kuweta nyama zakutchire. Pomaliza, anthu aona wokhulupirika ndi wodzipereka mnzake - galuyo. Iye ntchito pa kusaka ndi kuteteza nyumba. Anapezazo zokhudza nthawi imeneyi zikusonyeza kuti anthu a nthawi imeneyo ankagwiritsa ntchito zida gulu la pakachitsulo. Ofukula pa zofukulidwa anapeza arrowheads ambiri. Ndi uta, mamuna mbatoma kusaka osati yaikuluikulu nyama ndi mbalame zakuthengo. Anyezi anali makamaka wolemekezedwa ndi mwamuna wakale, iye chokongoletsedwa mano ake nyama.

cikhalidwe

Mesolithic - izi ndi nyengo ya pamene osauka anzathu. Izi anawonetseredwa mu chitukuko cha mawu kulankhula, chirengedwe malamulo ofanana khalidwe malangizo amene anapeza udindo wa miyambo ndi taboos.

Mesolithic - nthawi iyi, pamene nkhani osiyana mitundu ya chiwawa kugwirizana ndi kuphwanya malamulo. Zinali ndiye kuti pali chilango. Ophwanya akukakamizidwa zosiyanasiyana ntchito, nthawi zina amadikira kuti chiwawa.

art

Dziko wauzimu wa munthu Mesolithic anapatsa anthu amakono zamitundumitundu ndi chodabwitsa zosemasema. Iwo ankaimira pafupifupi mitundu mofanana mu Paleolithic:

• lidzagwedezeka chithunzi;
• Ku Tirhana na Timatheriyali;
• ang'onoang'ono pulasitiki.

Bright Paleolithic Kuzindikira m'malo chojambula zojambula. munthu m'chifanizo zimatengera mtundu wa chizindikiro kapena chizindikiro. Chokongoletsera Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Iwo ndi anthu akale kukongoletsa zinthu zapakhomo thanthwe zithunzi ananenanso mu gulu. Pachikhalidwe, iwo anadzipereka kwa kusaka kapena kumenyana nkhondo.

Mmodzi fano ngati muli nkhani kukachitika kuti amakhala ndi maganizo ndi zazikulu.

Luso pa luso zithunzi mu nthawi Mesolithic ankaona ambiri fano anthu. Tikumbukenso kuti munthu Paleolithic anayimiridwa mwa kanjedza limodzi la alenje.

zojambula Mesolithic thanthwe angapezeke mu Spain ndipo Africa North. Koma si onse a nyengo iyi.

Mesolithic - izi ndi nthawi imene munthu akutembenukira kwa Tirhana na Timatheriyali. Ambiri ankaimira ndi zinthu kukongoletsa kusaka. Zinthu zazikulu ndi amajambulapo maluwa okongola ankaona kuti mizere osiyana, zikwapu, grids, ndi zigzags. Mizere yokutidwa kusamalira mfuti osiyana, omwe anapangidwa kwa fupa, matabwa ndi zina zipangizo.

Mesolithic - ino pulasitiki yaing'ono. Kwa iye, akatswiri monga chosema timiyala, omwe kaŵirikaŵiri anapeza zofukulidwa mu Western m'mapaki galimoto European m'mapanga. Izi zojambula pamiyala ndi yokongola mu chikhalidwe mu mawonekedwe a mawanga, mitanda, mikwingwirima, nyenyezi ndi zina zotero. Akukhulupirira kuti miyala iyi ankagwiritsa ntchito mu ntchito ya miyambo zamatsenga. Mwina, iwo ankaona mpando wa moyo wa munthu wakale.

mwambo maliro

Panthawi imeneyi, pali kale maliro payekha munthu, zimachitika pafupi malo. Mwachitsanzo, m'chigawo cha Baikal pafupi awiri Angara anapezeka m'manda a mayi ndi mwana wakhanda. Zinyalala dzenje atazunguliridwa matailosi mwala. mafupa mayi kugonera kumbali yake ndi kamwana mwana. Pamaso pa manda wa matupi awo papezeka ocher. mutu mayi anapatulidwa mafupa ndi m'manda mu recess osiyana.

chifuwa mkazi thoracic vertebrae, ofufuza anapeza arrowheads. Akuti mkazi ndi mwana afa pa nkhondo ya fuko lina.

zinthu zatsopano

Mesolithic - nthawi imeneyi, kudzikundikira zinthu zatsopano za chikhalidwe. Man akupitiriza kusintha. Iye akufotokozera maluso amene kumuthandiza kupulumuka. Munthu waphunzira za maonekedwe a m'dera kumbuyo kwa makhalidwe a nyama zina zimatha zomera ndi mchere achilengedwe. Kalelo, munthu amayamba womuzunza tribesman ku kuvulala imene analandira pa kusaka ndi. Tsopano, osati onse a matuza, mbola ndi sprains wakupha. Komanso, Mesolithic nyengo - nthawi ya opaleshoni choyamba. Munthu waphunzira mano ndi miyendo yonse. Nthawi imeneyi imasiyana kusaka machenjerero, monga ng'ombe ya nyama zazikulu kutha.

Pomaliza

pepala wathu zinatha. Ife kamodzinso ndikufuna kutsindika kuti Mesolithic - atumwi, chofunika m'mbiri ya anthu. Panthawi imeneyi litadzala ndi zigawo kanthu kuti ngopatulidwa ayezi. zigawo zosiyanasiyana za chikhalidwe kuyamba zimavuta ndi mzake. Pa nthawi iyi, chikhalidwe ndi mayendedwe a mapangidwe muzochitika zosiyanasiyana za ntchito anthu akhala omveka bwino. Tikhoza kunena kuti anthu Mesolithic adzipangira sitepe yaikulu patsogolo chitukuko.