Medici Chapel, Michelangelo: kufotokoza ndi zithunzi

Mu 1421-1428, ndi Brunelleschi anamanga nyumba yopemphereramo kumbali ya mpingo wa San Lorenzo (Medici m'matchalitchi) mu Florence. Iye amayenera kukhala m'manda kwa Medici nyumba. Pafupifupi zaka handiredi kenako Papa Leo X mfundo Michelangelo kutsiriza wapakamwa ake. Chifukwa chosowa ndalama ntchito inaima.

Florence Mpingo wa San Lorenzo

Mpingo wamkulu mu Florence - liri kachisi wa San Lorenzo. M'chaka cha 339 pa tchalitchi anali opatulidwira St. Ambrose, Bishop wa Milan. Mu nthawi Romanesque, linadzamangidwanso ndi kukonzanso wodzipereka mu 1059. Mu 1418 ndi Medici anaganiza kwathunthu kuimanganso ndi apatsidwa kuti Filippo Brunelleschi. The m'kachisi ali chokongoletsedwa ndi ntchito za Donatello. Akalonga Chapel anakhala m'manda onse a Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani wa Medici banja la mzere wachiwiri, kuyambira Cosimo I. kuonetsa chuma ndi mphamvu ya Medici. Kabukuka kali ndi malaya zonse manja a mizinda ya Duchy wa Tuscany ndi Medici odula manja pa denga. Zobiriwira mkati mwa Florence zithunzi chitachitidwa pafupifupi zaka mazana awiri. Ntchito zichitike mosamala kwambiri. Payenera akhala kukhuthula ndi Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani asanu. Ndipotu mabokosi yaikulu sizoona ndipo timatumikira monga zipilala maliro. Ndipotu Medici anakwiriridwa mu crypt wa. Aliyense sarcophagus mu khoma kagawo kakang'ono. Iwo amayenera kukhala Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani chosema. Komabe, pali awiri okha chipilala cha - fano la Ferdinand Ine ndi Cosimo II. Dome akubwereza Brunelleschi mzikiti okongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi za ku Baibulo.

The crypt ndi manda. Chapel wa akalonga

Ikani kuti muyende mu Chapel wa Medici zidzayambitse crypt wa. Pano inu mukhoza kupita ku nyumba yopemphereramo akalonga ndi Chatsopano Sacristy. Crypt mdima ndi nkhawa zomwe ali zachilengedwe kumanda, kumene pafupifupi m'manda ambiri a m'banja Medici, kuphatikizapo anthu amene anafunikira kupuma mu nyumba yopemphereramo wa akalonga. The chojambula highborn Dona wakhala mu mpando yochititsa chidwi. Izi Anna Maria Luisa de A 'Medici, wolowa nyumba yomaliza ya banja, amene anafa mu 1743. Iye anasiya yaikulu luso cholowa cha Florence kwawo.

Pakuti okonda Michelangelo

Mu 1520, iwo anatenga kumanga nyumba yopemphereramo ndi tombstones kwa Lorenzo Zazikulu ndi m'bale wake Giuliano, komanso kwa ena ana awiri a banja Medici: Giuliano, Duke wa Nemours, ndi Lorenzo, Duke wa Urbino. Komanso, Cardinal Giulio, msuwani wa Papa Leo X, akufuna kupatsa yomanga laibulale Michelangelo a. Izo ziyenera kukhala mu mabuku m'banja lonse, komanso zichokera kwa ogwira osiyana ndi bibliophiles ena odziwika. Medici Chapel ndi Sacristy Chatsopano mu izo, ndi laibulale - ntchito ziwiri zofunika kwa mbuye 45 wazaka, amene kwa nthawi yoyamba kuthana ndi mamangidwe a.

Latsopano Sacristy - ndi imodzi mwa ntchito mapulani, mbuye anabweretsa ku mapeto. Iwo ali zosachepera zisanu ndi ziwiri ziboliboli za Kubadwa Kwatsopano mwapang'ono.

Kuyamba

Cardinal Giulio de A 'Medici a mtundu wa wosankhidwa papa pa dzina Clement VII la, wotchedwa Michelangelo kwa Rome ndipo anapereka umboni olimba kuti Chapel wa Medici ayenera kutha mwamsanga. Iye akufuna kudzalemekezedwa mwa zaka osachepera Papa Leo X ndi anzake amene analipo m'mbuyomo, asiya kukumbukira kuti anali ogula a zomangamanga, zosemasema ndi kupenta. Sayenera zimalimbikitsa mafano anali kalelo, wotchuka Medici, ndi amene anakhazikitsa mu Florence mafumu. Iwo anali ana awiri, si lemekezani yekha mfumu. Latsopano Sacristy mu mpingo wa San Lorenzo (Medici m'matchalitchi) ayenera kukhala zovuta umodzi ndi zaka anamanga Brunelleschi. Michelangelo pakati ndipo kenako anapanga izo zovuta kwambiri malamulo, cornices, malikulu, zitseko, niches ndi manda. Iye analowa kumbuyo ndi malamulo ndi miyambo poyamba anavomera. Medici Chapel pa pempho la Papa siichitanso kuti monga manda a Lorenzo Zazikulu ndi m'bale wake Giuliano. Malo ulemu ayenera kuima manda a Papa Leo X ndi wake. Pofuna kuti palibe kwambiri ntchito inde la Michelangelo, Clement VII anapereka wamanga kukhala wansembe ndi tsitsi mu Order wa St. Francis. Pamene wojambula anakana bambo anga anam'patsa nyumba. Womutsatira anaima tchalitchi cha Medici. Malipilo kuposa nthawi 3 kuchuluka inu mwazipempha Michelangelo.

Michelangelo ku Florence

Chinali Michelangelo Buonarroti? Medici m'matchalitchi adamfunsa mbali ya m'tchalitchi. Kodi chilili kaulusi m'chipinda chotetezeka, kumanga skylight ndi kuchita mndandanda wa osachepera ntchito amagwira kwambiri. Ndiyeno ife tikhoza kuganiza za chosema ndi kuti ziboliboli anafuna kukongoletsa manda a Giuliano ndi Lorentso Medichi. Izi zimafuna ntchito, motero ndalama Clement VII.

Atsogoleri mapulani ziboliboli

Kodi maganizo adzachititsa Medici Chapel? Michelangelo, osati kunyenga yekha, anandiuza kuti pamene ziboliboli ndi okonzeka, iwo kukhumudwitsa anthu ofuna kuona chithunzi cha awiri a ana a banjalo. Iwo sadzakhala chikhalidwe. Iye ankafuna kuti akonze anthu atsopano, kwaiye osati nthawi yawo komanso mwini mavuto latsopano luso. Ziboliboli wa gululo kuti opatsirana zikhoza poise kuti zimawoneka atapanga mu mlengalenga. Zidzakhala awiri amphamvu mnyamata, wodzala mtendere otchuka.

Medici m'matchalitchi: kufotokoza

Mu manda a Medici munthu igwera mu dziko chosiyana, osati amene anali pa msewu. Inu analanda kumverera chisoni ndi kuganiza kuti ndinu m'deralo. Paliponse pamakoma akhakula, chifukwa pilasters mdima, architraves pa mawindo yosowa mazenera okha, chowala makoma zimenezi gulu loyimba ovutitsa tanthauzo la misewu akale ndi mabwalo. Ndi malo izi monga munthu ndi kusala-mtsinje wa madzi othamanga wa nthawi, analengedwa ndi Michelangelo. Manda a mbuye - izo ndicho kuganizira za muyeso wa masiyanidwe, ndi waufupi nthawi ya kukhalapo, anagwidwa mu pophatikizana a zomangamanga ndi zosemasema.

Madonna

Mu mpingo wa San Lorenzo (Medici m'matchalitchi) Chatsopano Sacristy amaoneka ngati kyubu kwaulere korona m'chipinda chotetezeka. The wamanga anaikidwa niches ndi khoma wokwera, kuwonjezeka kwambiri m'manda. Kwa iwo, adatenga kanjedza sculpted wa moyo-kukula. M'malomwake, iye anaika guwa la sculptural gulu "Madonna ndi Mwana" ndipo anazungulira ndi mafano a St. Cosma mauthenga Damiano (Medici ochirikiza). Iwo pa zina zachidule wake dongo anachita ophunzira. Madonna - chinsinsi yopemphereramo lonse. Iye ndi wokongola komanso internally tcheru. nkhope Madonna ndi umafuna mwana. Lodzala ndi chisomo ndi lokhumudwitsa. Madonna ndi adalowetsedwa mu lingaliro kwambiri kwambiri. M'makwinya a zovala zake kulenga yomangika rhythmic kanthu ndi kusonkhana ndi mawonekedwe onse a kamangidwe kake. Khanda ukufika iye. Iye anadzazidwa ndi mphamvu mkati ndi mavuto, zomwe n'zogwirizana ndi yopemphereramo lonse. The zikuchokera kwa yopemphereramo Madonna n'chofunikira zofunika kwambiri. Ndi nkhope mawonekedwe ake Giuliano ndi Lorenzo.

Ziboliboli mu niches

Popanda kafungo chithunzi chikhalidwe mu zida za Aroma wakale kukhala kanjedza awiri ophiphiritsa. Olimba mtima, amphamvu Giuliano bareheaded zochokera ndodo wolamulira. Umasonyeza mtendere amene anabwera pambuyo pa nkhondo. Ndi zophiphiritsa za moyo kumabungwewa. Pamene m'bale wake Lorenzo ali kusinkhasinkha zakuya ndi Kulingalira likuimira moyo. mutu wake ali ndi wakale chisoti tikupumula pa dzanja lake ndipo chigongono - pa bokosi, amene ukuimira bestial kuipanikiza. Kumatanthauza nzeru ndi malonda lili ndi akatswiri. Onse kanjedza kutopa ndi wozingwa. Kagawo kakang'ono wa clenched awo kuti amapereka wowerenga kumverera nkhawa ndi nkhawa. Iwo akuyenda ola manda a nkhondo ndi zipolowe ndipo timakumbukira wa Lorenzo Zazikulu, ndi zopindula Italy, Mudali mtendere.

Ziwerengero pa sarcophagus chivindikiro

Kutsetsereka pansi mumbali lids m'manda, sadzachitanso woletsa iwo, ali sculpted nthano m'mawa ndi madzulo pa mapazi a Lorenzo ndi tsiku ndi usiku - mu Giuliano. Zizindikiro za nthawi akuthamanga excruciatingly wovuta. wamphamvu ndi kufanana wangwiro thupi lawo - reified languor ndi chisoni. "Morning" n'kudzuka pang'onopang'ono monyinyirika "Tsiku" ndi maso ndi yowawitsa ovutitsa, "Madzulo", tsepeneya, tulo, "Night" kumizidwa mu wosakhazikika kugona lolemera. Kodi mtundu wa mbalame pa nyumba yopemphereramo wa Medici? "Night" phazi apuma pa kadzidzi, kumene ngati zosokera, chinachake anamudzutsa iye. Stone, chimene iye akugwirizira mu dzanja lake, amagwa pa nthawi iliyonse, ndi kukamuukitsa. Mpumulo kwa "Night." Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi wathunthu mavuto chigoba mu dzanja lake. Chithunzi cha "Tsiku" kuliganizira chifukwa kusatsatira zodabwitsa sculpting thupi wokongola ndipo amavutika onsewo kwa mutu wowerenga a. thupi zabwino ndi opukutidwa, ndi nkhope yake pang'ono ukuonekera, fano sadzachitanso uchitike. "Tsiku" kumakoleza m'mabande a zida ndi nedooformlen luso. Olephera chithunzi "Morning" ndi "chakumadzulo." Izi amalenga kwambiri limaonetseratu, tcheru ndi kuopseza. The ziboliboli sanachite mantha kupita patsogolo nthawi yake kukakamiza wowerenga kuganizira ndi kumasulira chosema monga chirichonse. Apa pamaso panu ndi munthu "madzulo" (Medici m'matchalitchi). Photo chinatsimikizira pamwamba. Ziwerengero sindikufuna moyo kapena kumva. Onse pamodzi, nthawi ya tsiku Medici atsimikizire Mwambi "Nthawi zonse» (Semper), kutanthauza ndi ntchito zonse ntchito. Pamodzi ndi zithunzi za anthu nthano wamng'ono akachita m'khola triangular zikuchokera.

"Kumamyata Boy"

Medici Chapel ndi manda timelessness, lomwe lili ndi mwamuna wake anali chosema lina limene tsopano mu Hermitage. Limatchedwanso "Mnyamatayo kutenga ndi umagawanika." Ngati maganizo kulibweretsa m'tchalitchi, mudzaona kuti nthawi kulumikizidwa ku akanthawi wopandamalire. Izi fano laling'ono, limene ndi ufulu kulowa kyubu a. Iye, ngati "tsiku" sanamalize ndithu: iye alibe kuimaliza kukonza pansi ndi kumbuyo si wowala. Baby onse anawerama kuti phazi wakukuwazwa ule, zosazolowereka ndi mavuto mwadzidzidzi kaimidwe wake. Ziboliboli anafuna kuchotsa kuchokera nsangalabwi yokha zofunika kwambiri kuona ngati imagwera pa pedestal, ndiye kanthu akanati unagawanika kutali. Mwanayo zofunika Pulani yonse, chifukwa - kamphindi mu nthawi. Ngati Madonna - nthawi, mbiri yakale, Chikhristu, chimene chimabweretsa pamodzi anthu a m'nthawi imeneyo, mnyamata - kufupika kwake. Iye ndi vutoli, ndipo kwa kanthawi. Ziwerengero pansi niches ali yemweyo mkombero nthawi yoti zinthu zisinthe, m'malo okha, ataima chinachake chapadera. Chirichonse alipo monga namatetule pa moyo wake - nthawi yomweyo ndipo m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Laurentian laibulale

Pamene ntchito mu Chipangano Sacristy, zomwe iye anatembenuka mu tchalitchi akuluakulu, Michelangelo anamanga laibulale. Pambuyo kudutsa bwalo momasuka, mwa nave kumanzere, ndipo mukhoza kupeza mu izo. Amatanthauza kuti anayambitsa yekha. Buku lili mipukutu yakale, zizindikiro zithunzi, lemba la Union, umene anamaliza pa Msonkhano wa Florence mu 1439. Choyamba anadza khonde, ndiye malo mipukutu, kumene iwo akhoza kusungidwa ndi kuwerenga. Izi yaitali lathyathyathya imvi mwala kuwala makoma. The modutsa ndi mkulu. Komanso kuposa iye, alendo saloledwa. Palibe ziboliboli, koma pali mizati amapasa amene recessed pakhoma. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa zachilendo nsangalabwi masitepe, amene akufanana otaya chiphalaphala chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunula. Iye semicircular masitepe phompho ndi zamwano otsika kwambiri. Umayamba pa modutsa pakhomo ndi zambiri kupanga zigawo zitatu. Mwini yekha anali ku Roma, kumene anamanga chitsanzo dongo masitepe - kukopa waukulu modutsa.

Pomaliza za kulengedwa kwa namatetule wa Michelangelo. Mu ntchito iyi wofuna, anazindikira malingaliro ake nzeru. Iwo ali mosalekeza kuti wabweza kufunika lapansi. Choncho chimasintha Medici Chapel. Medici Florence analandira chipilala kuti anakhala chipilala mumzindawo.