McIntosh (apulo): kufotokoza, kubzala ndi chisamaliro

McIntosh apulo mtengo - wotchuka munda mtengo yophukira yakucha. Akubwera kuchokera Canada, zosiyanasiyana imeneyi amakhala ndi onunkhira zipatso okoma ndi acidity osiyana ndi wokoma maswiti kununkhira. Maapulo Macintosh - ndi flattened-conical mawonekedwe, ndi ribbing kukomoka; kukula lalikulu ndi sing'anga: pafupifupi kulemera kwa magalamu 150-180 lililonse. Peduncle yochepa. rind ndi wochepa thupi, chikasu ndi kulocha wobiriwira, zikhoza wosiyana zamkati. Pamwamba - magulu a mtundu wa manyazi pa maapulo lalikulu mdima wofiirira hue. Pali imvi waxy filimu ndi ambiri madontho ang'onoang'ono subcutaneous beige. Zipatso zamkati ndi sing'anga osalimba, zoyera (wamba ndi mitsempha wofiira), yowutsa mudyo ndipo umakoma wokoma kwambiri. The ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndi kusunga ake apamwamba ndi transportability.

McIntosh apulo: kufotokoza

Mitengo McIntosh mitundu ya kukula sing'anga, ndi korona ozungulira ungelled, diverging ambiri mu dzanja. Masamba kuwala wobiriwira, lalifupi pubescent, monzama ovate mawonekedwe, konsekonse yosalala kwambiri. Impso otchuka, waung'ono, ndi anamaliza pamwamba. Ofooka yozizira hardiness, komanso portability wa nkhanambo. Pakati pa mitengo matenda kungathandizire kutaya marketability awo.

Wood m'zaka za m'ma 18 lakutali

Mac - apulo, lomwe lili ndi mbiri yake. Mu 1796 m'chigawo cha Ontario (United States, Canada), wina Dzhon Makintosh anagula munda. Pamene dongosolo zochotsera munda chinapezeka angapo mitengo apulo. Pamene Thirani kuti malo atsopano mitengo anamwalira, kupatula umodzi, omwe anakhala makolo a mitundu McIntosh. maapulo zake zokoma chimwemwe mwamantha mpaka 1906.

Kupeza kwa kuswana

Mac - apulo, chimene chiri dalitso lenileni kwa obereketsa ndi amene anapanga maziko a mitundu monga wovutika (pa mphambano Yellow Newtown) Zikomo wopambana (ndi Papirovka), Amazing (ndi Reinette Simirenko) ndipo pafupifupi khumi mitundu. Mu US, ndi nawo Macintosh unayambitsidwa kugonjetsedwa mwamtheradi nkhanambo kalasi Priscilla, zimene zinaphatikizapo VF jini pano.

McIntosh - zosiyanasiyana chotchuka kwambiri m'dera la New England ndi North America. A zambiri mbale m'dera anakonza pa maziko a izi maapulo chokoma krasnobokih, amene ali m'gulu la maphunziro establishments menyu ana.

Mu Russia McIntosh zoned mu wotsika Volga ndi North Caucasus zigawo, lili pa nambala pakati pa mitundu m'dzinja ndipo amatchedwa pang'ono mosiyana: Horoshevka autumn, Igwani ndi Posakasa Wabwino Krasnobokoe. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu minda choyerekeza anafotokoza mitundu - McIntosh wofiira, Chachikulu kusiyana pakati pawo - mu mtundu ❖ kuyanika, kufalitsa padziko lonse wa apulo.

Garden nazale, imene popanda mitengo McIntosh apulo zimapezeka osiyanasiyana yaikulu mitundu ina, kupereka kwambiri khalidwe mfundo kubzala, ndiwo malipiro pazipita Mthandizi m'tsogolo. Krasnobokie zipatso adzakhala zimakongoletsa munda aliyense ndi chimwemwe zokoma aliyense, kudzayesa iwo. mbande apulo, mtengo umene uli chuma wolungamitsidwa ndi zingasangalatse aliyense nyakulima, inu nthawi zonse kugula pa nazale munda atha kupita patsogolo pa chiwembu chake.

McIntosh maapulo: chokoma ndi wathanzi

Fruiting mitengo achinyamata umayamba chaka 6-7 wazaka wa moyo. Onetsetsani kuti aziona kuchuluka kwa thumba losunga mazira ndi zipatso. Ndi muyeso awo ya maapulo adzakhala ang'onoang'ono ndi nedospevshie. Collection ya maapulo opangidwa ku mapeto a September, pamene zipatso bwino kusungidwa kukhala watsopano pafupifupi mpaka mapeto a yozizira. McIntosh maapulo ali oyenera mowa onse atsopano ndi kukonzedwa, mu mawonekedwe a kupanikizana, kupanikizana, kupanikizana, compotes ndi timadziti. Garden nazale chiperekere makhalidwe mfundo kubzala, amene wolungama kwathunthu palokha ndi chisamaliro chabwino m'tsogolo. kudulira izi zonse, feteleza ndi kuthirira, makamaka magawo oyambirira chitukuko. mbande apulo, mtengo umene uli pafupi 300 pakani. / ma PC., Yambiri wamaluwa kwambiri.

ankafika Features

Kubzala apulo chofunika kubala masika oyambirira (pamaso Mphukira kutsegula) kapena mu nthawi yophukira (pamaso ozizira) mu preformed dzenje akuya 60 masentimita awiri mamita 1.0-1.2. Pa dziko mchenga pansi pa dzenje 10 tikulimbikitsidwa wamba-masentimita wosanjikiza dothi, tikaumbike, kuposa - 15-masentimita wosanjikiza zatsalira mbewu. onse danga kudzaza ndi chisakanizo cha dothi zakale, peat, humus mu wofanana mbali.

The ikamatera mitengo zachitika kuti kolala muzu anaikidwa pa nthaka pa mtunda wa 2-4 cm. Ndi manda ake ndi mtengo adzakhala bwino kwa nthawi yaitali mizu, akhoza yochulukirapo kwa nthawi yaitali fruiting. Young sapling chofunika zochuluka madzi (3-4 zidebe wa madzi). Near yovomereza kuyendetsa msomali umene kumanga mtengo.

Pamene chodzala n'kofunika kuganizira Kusinthaku moyenera mtengo. Popeza apulo MacIntosh perekresnoopylyaemym mbewu imene tikuyivomereza mu gawo limodzi kwa mitundu zomera, pachimake umene umachitika nthawi imodzi ndi izo.

Events kudyetsa

Pofuna kuonjezera kuchuluka ndi khalidwe la mbewu Ndi bwino kudyetsa Macintosh apulo. Ndi mitengo mwachangu kukula zaka ziwiri ndi zofunika kupanga manyowa anawola pa mlingo wa makilogalamu 50-60 pa mamita zana lalikulu. Opaleshoni imeneyi ikuchitika autumn, nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi feteleza mchere.

Spring kwa yachibadwa kukula pansi apulo MacIntosh kukhala feteleza asafe monga nitrate ammonium kapena sulphate ammonium (zochokera 3 ndi 5 makilogalamu pa sq.m., motero). The grooves osaya anakumba pamodzi malire kuzungulira-thunthu bwalo mtengo ayenera akugona kwa 35-40-masentimita kuya feteleza mankwala.

Njira kuteteza apulo ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga imachitikira March ntchito 3% Bordeaux kusakaniza. Pambuyo kuoneka maluwa, ndipo pambuyo maluwa zofunika kupopera 0.5% ya oxychloride zamkuwa.

Monga zina miyeso zoteteza analimbikitsa kukumba dothi ndi kuchotsa namsongole, kudula nthambi youma ndi disinfection ndi zothetsa kuthimbirira.

kudulira

Chochitika zofunika mapangidwe ndi kuchotsa korona zouma ndi nthambi ofooka kumathandiza kuti zinthu zikhale. McIntosh - apulo, imene ntchito ngati akusowa, kuyambira chaka chachiwiri ankafika: izi yokonza ofukula kuthawa mmera. Zimenezi lakonzedwa yotithandiza mapangidwe nthambi lateral. Mu zaka wotsatira, kukula kwa mphukira nyengo chatha, ayenera kufupikitsa 30% ya okwana kutalika.

tizilombo Control

McIntosh - apulo, omwe angakhudzidwe ndi tizirombo monga nsabwe, codling, sawfly, apulo sucker. Ambiri njira kuthana nawo - kupopera mitengo nitrafena 3% njira, 0,3% njira ya Malathion, sopo kapena fodya zikuchokera. Hibernating polimbana tizirombo "Olelkuprit" magalamu 400 amene kuchepetsedwa malita 10 a madzi.

Against kakobiri m'chaka oyambirira kapena kugwa mukufuna anadula nthambi akhudzidwa, malo magawo ankachitira ndi 1% sulphate mkuwa ndi gloss pa munda phula.

Ndi yozizira likuyandikira, chofunika kuti chiwerengero cha ntchito umalimbana patsogolo luso la mtengo kupulumuka nthawi imeneyi ozizira:

• hilling makungwa kuphimbira mitengo ndi humus awo, peat kapena kompositi;
• amabisa choko kapena laimu matope mtengo makungwa.