Mayina a akasinja ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, German ndipo Soviet. Mayina a akasinja Russian

History limatiuza kuti mayina a akasinja anaonekera, malingana ndi zochitika zimene zinachitika. Ena analandira dzina chifukwa makhalidwe ake, ndi zina - mayina a asilikali. Monga mukudziwa, nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse anali chothandizira pa chitukuko cha thanki. Choncho, makina zakhala ambiri opangidwa ku Germany ndi la Soviet Union.

maziko mbiri

Pamaso tiona nthawi yomweyo, zimene maudindo akasinja akhalipo, tiyeni tione mbiri. Choyamba magalimoto inamva anaonekera pa First World nkhondo. Tsopano iwo ali pang'ono kuzindikira ndi kokha mbali mozungulira ndi ziwembu ano. Lingaliro la "thanki" ali mizu English. Kumatanthauza "thanki". Zikuoneka pa nzeru British. Pamene Britain anaganiza zomutumiza magalimoto oyamba kutsogolo, iye anali kubisa mfundo imeneyi. Ndiye kufufuza anayamba mphekesera njanji wotanganidwa akasinja anatumizidwa ndi boma la Russia. Choncho, British anabisa galimoto yawo oti muli nazo zida ndi chizindikiro chenjezo ndipo anaika iwo pa njanji lapansi.

Woyamba zinachitika thanki anaonekera Zapakati, ndi michira pa nkhani imeneyi akhazikitsidwa. yosiyanasiyana (mawilo, zishango ndi crossbows) ntchito m'munda pa nkhondo. Woyamba magalimoto oti muli nazo zida anaonekera mu chiyambi cha XX atumwi ndi chinthu kuitenga mopepuka. Choncho, Germany, France ndi Britain anali wokonzeka kulenga pa maziko awo magalimoto nkhondo. Kale mu 1915, nthawi yomweyo anaganiza kumanga akasinja m'mayiko ambiri.

Zoyesayesa loyamba

Pamodzi ndi French Britain, Russia komanso anakhudzidwa kamangidwe ka galimoto inamva. Mwana wa dziko wotchuka wotchedwa Dmitry Mendeleev anali woyambitsa mlanduwo. Vasily kuyamba kusodza dziko nkhondowo galimoto. Ulendo wotsatira kukhala pulani chidwi. Mayina a akasinja Russian nthawi iyi anali makamaka pachiyambi "Russian onse mtunda-galimoto" ndi "Tsar thanki". makina zimenezi zimajambulidwa yekha mu chochitika chimodzi, monga panali ziwembu zingapo zinalephereka. boma anayesa mungawononge ntchito m'mayiko ena kulenga changwiro choposa magalimoto kopita nkhondo.

Kuwonjezera njira analephera kuyambira 1917 ndipo anayamba kutulutsa magalimoto bwino ndi chomera Rybinsk. Nthawi zambiri mayina a akasinja Soviet anayamba kuoneka, anayambitsa makina. Kotero, anatulutsidwa Gulkevichy oti muli nazo zida thalakitala. Pofuna kulepheretsa ndondomeko ya kusintha kwa asilikali, Russia waganiza kupempha thandizo kwa France, yomwe yakhala chiwerengero la galimoto nkhondo.

Lodziwika bwino kuwala thanki

M'kupita kwa nthawi, dzina la akasinja anayamba kusintha kwa wamfupi. Choncho, choyamba magalimoto nkhondowo amene akhala ambiri kufalikira, dzina MC-1. chidule uwu ukuimira "thandizo ang'onoang'ono thanki." Choyamba anamva mochedwa 20 ntchentche wa XX atumwi. ndi LT 960 owerengedwa mabuku onse. Iye anawonekera mu nkhondo mu 1929. Ndiye thanki anatha kuwopseza kutali oyenda onse Chinese. Pali kuthekera kuti MC-1 watumikira asilikali pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo.

Quick monga mphezi

Wina, chimodzimodzi, kunapezeka thanki - BT-7. Komanso ndi acronym. Kumatanthauza "kudya thanki". Pa nkhondo, anapanga kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake ndi Japan mu 1938. Kutchuka ndi kupambana wapeza patapita chaka m'gawo la Mongolia. Ndiye BT-7 steppe anali kufotokoza bwinobwino wonse, ndi liwiro wake wachita m'manja mwa asilikali. Mpaka 1942, makina si wochepa ndi adani awo, ndipo ntchito pa nkhondo. Ndipo pa mfundo imeneyi ntchito bronetank zitsulo kwambiri zochepa, kuyambira anaonekera mphamvu chitsanzo.

kuŵeta

Mayina a akasinja ya nkhondo yachiwiri si zapamwamba, makamaka ngati tikukamba za makina Union. Choncho, mu 1940 tinayamba ntchito ya T-34 mwina njira otchuka. nkhondowo ake mogwira ntchito mpaka 1942, mpaka mdani anayamba kutulutsa munda wa nkhondo akasinja wamphamvu kwambiri. Choncho, chaka chotsatira, ndi T-34 modernized, bwino ndipo anawonjezera kuti buku malo chiwalo chimodzi zambiri adalira. Linasintha chida. Mu mbiri ya thanki ichi chakhala mmodzi wa anthu otchuka kwambiri. Ndipo ngakhale kuti sanali mokwanira amphamvu, koma lophweka mu kapangidwe ndi ntchito.

Mantha a ku Germany

Koma dzina KV mndandanda wa akasinja wakhala kugwirizana ndi wotchuka Klim Voroshilov, amene anakhala wotchuka ntchito ndale. Mu 1941, KV-1 ndi chilombo chenicheni cha asilikali German. Iye anachita masiku awiri magawano ndi zikalata anapeza zikusonyeza kuti galimoto walandira 14 kumenya mwachindunji kwa mfuti 50 millimeter. Pa nthawi yomweyo pa izo sanapeze kuwonongeka - chabe ni yaing'ono. Koma patatha masiku awiri Anazi mochenjera kuvulala oti muli nazo zida galimoto ndi kuphedwa KV-1. chiwerengero chawo panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri sanali kwambiri chifukwa chakuti boma sangapeze ndalama mafuta ndi zokonza.

Nkhondo "Iosif Stalin"

World kudziwika mndandanda wina wopambana wa magalimoto wamphamvu inamva. Mayina a Russian akasinja ICs amadzipereka Iosifu Stalinu. TT polenga kwa yojambula udindo mdani. Motero aliyense athane ndi ntchitoyo. Ndi-2 anali wotchuka kwambiri pakati ISov. A masiku angapo anatha kugonjetsa 17 mdani ndege bwinobwino anagumula wodziteteza Konigsberg ndi Berlin. Inamva galimoto atumikira zida Russian mpaka 1995.

zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zamakono

Nkhondo yachiwiri itatha, okonza kusanthula zinachitikira ntchito nkhondowo ndipo ayamba kukhala makina ngakhale wamphamvu ndi wangwiro. Woyamba pofuna chinali T-54. Iye anatumikira mu theka lachiwiri la XX atumwi. Ndipo patapita zaka zingapo kuti akweza kuti Baibulo 55. Izi makina inamva wotchuka kuti anali chiyambi cha m'ma XXI.

Mayina a akasinja Russian sanakhalepo options wapadera kwambiri. Aliyense wa iwo anali ndi chiwerengero siriyo. T-72 anali polojekiti mtsogolo. Thanki cholinga mu 1973 ndipo takhala ntchito mwakhama zaka 10. Iye anatumikira mu Lebanon ndi Middle East, ndipo mu 2008 anachita ntchito bwino Tskhinvali. Mu 90 ife bwino izo oyambirira - linatuluka pa T-90.

Zinachitikira German

Mayina a akasinja German nthawizonse zakhala bwino kuti losaiwalika maina. Mwachitsanzo, pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World mu Germany anali atakonzekera ndi "Panther" ndi "Amabereka" - makina wotchuka crawler. Iwo anaonekera mu 1943, ndipo pambuyo pake anagwirizana ndi thanki kusinthidwa "Mfumu Amabereka". Nthawi zambiri, poyamba dziko la Germany anapatsidwa maina yaitali kwambiri galimoto awo oti muli nazo zida. Komabe, iwo wosalira iwo. Mwachitsanzo, Pz.Kpfw. - ali aafupi mawu Panzerkampfwagen, zimene zingathe likumasuliridwa kuti "thanki" kapena "oti muli nazo zida nkhondowo galimoto". Ausf - izo Ausfuhrung, lotembenuzidwa kuchokera German monga "kusinthidwa". Chotero dzina yaitali nthawi anawonjezera zambiri ndi lettering prototypes. Kuwonjezera pa "Panther" ndi "Amabereka" mu armament German anakhalabe "Mkango" ndi "nyalugwe-1".

Pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse lapansi waona, ndipo woyamba akasinja wailesi womwe, omwe anatchedwa "Goliati." Iwo anamasulidwa makope ndalama zoposa 2500. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito cholinga cha ndime ya pa minefield ndi chiwonongeko cha nyumba chitetezo. anatchulidwa mwapadera ayenera lodziwika bwino "Mbewa" omwe amayenera kutenga zonse mu njira yake. zida zake chitetezo anali Kumwambamwamba, ndi mapulani Hitler unali "yopuma thanki" ntchito. prototypes awiri zinalengedwa mu 1944, zomwe angathe kutumikira nkhondo. Koma Hitler wakhala inaimitsidwa kupanga chifukwa chosowa ndalama. Car ndipo sanali zoyembekezeka kutenga nawo mbali pa nkhondo imeneyi.

"Mbewa" sichitsata ngati khoswe. Zinali 180 matani chilombo amene sanathe kuwoloka pa kamlathoka, koma zovuta kuyenda pansi mtsinje. Pamene Red Army unkatchedwa mseru Germany ndi sanathe msanga atuluke prototypes awiri ndi kuwaononga. Mbali anawononga inamva magalimoto anatola wina yemwe anatumizidwa ku Kubinka. Apa iye anatsalira ku nthawi - pa Asilikali History Museum.

maina original

Mayina a akasinja pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World ndipo pambuyo zinali zosangalatsa. Kawirikawiri, iwo atchukitsa a asilikali ndipo ena umunthu wotchuka. American M4 "Sherman" anali wotchuka kwambiri mu United States ndi ogwirizana ake. Iye anayamikira wotchuka General William Sherman. Koma mu England iye ankaona wotchuka thanki "nyenyezi" omwe bwino anamenyana ndi magalimoto German ndipo anali kwambiri mbali zokhudzana ndi "Sherman" ndi "Firefly."

Nthawi unawonongedwa polima ife ku America hemayo: M26 "Pershing" dzina la General Dzhona Pershinga ndi M46 "Patton", limatchedwanso "General Patton". The British anayambitsa thanki sing'anga ndi dzina la pachiyambi "Kenturiyo". Izi inamva galimoto mu 1960 anasintha kuti "mtsogoleri" (English likumasuliridwa kuti "mtsogoleri").

M'kupita kwa nthawi, okonza anayamba kuyesera kupanga chilichonse katswiri thanki. Motero, chimodzi mwa makina nzeru anali "M41" Walker Galuwamkulu ", dzina lake polemekeza ambiri. Ndi cholinga pambuyo pa nkhondo m'malo wotchuka "Chaffiku" kapena "Gen. Chaffee". Khalani limasonyeza kuti nthawi zambiri akasinja pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World kenako ndinaitanidwa mu ulemu wa asilikali lalikulu ndi anthu amene amathandiza kwambiri kuti nkhondoyo. Makamaka azimuth zakhala otchuka ndi British.