Matenda a nkhaka - mmene kupulumutsa yokolola?

Nkhaka ali otchuka kwambiri pakati wamaluwa. Zimasangalatsa - kusokoneza amphamvu pupyrchatoy mwana wosabadwayo ndi sweetish rasprobovat crunchy kapangidwe ake! Koma, ngati chomera ina zolimidwa nkhaka atengeke matenda. The kale anazindikira chifukwa cha matenda, ndi aluso mankhwala adzakhala matenda a nkhaka, kutanthauza kuti mbewu adzapulumutsidwa mbewu sadzalola.

Pakati ambiri mwa mbewu masamba amatha kusiyanitsa woyera zowola mafangasi matenda. Iwo zimakhudza nkhaka, komanso anyezi, tomato, udzu winawake, kabichi ndi mbewu zina. White zowola kufalikira mu mbewu, chimakwirira umatheka ndi mycelium woyera, mizu ndi masamba. Masamba mbewu uphwetsa, kufota ndi kufa. Kufala kwa matendawa kumathandiza kuti nyengo yozizira chinyezi mkulu, bwino podutsa mpweya greenhouses. Matenda nkhaka Sichinatsitsidwe zinachititsa kuti imfa ya mbewu, m'pofunika chitani motere. Ayenera anakhalabe mu wowonjezera kutentha, kumene zomera obzalidwa, kutentha mulingo woyenera iwo ndi chinyezi, nthawi zonse kukonza mpweya wabwino. Wowonjezera kutentha nthaka kuti decontaminated. Ngati mbewu kale matenda, muyenera winawake izo mbali kachilombo. Koma kudyetsa nkhaka abwino njira amadzimadzi urea, nthaka sulphate ndi sulphate mkuwa.

Fungal matenda nkhaka si zowola woyera. Pakuti matenda zomera ndi nkhawa anthracnose. Komanso chimaika pangozi kwa zomera. Zizindikiro za mawanga matenda kuwala bulauni mu mtundu, zimachitika pa masamba ndi zimayambira, ndi zilonda mucosal pa nkhaka zipatso. Chifukwa, iwo anayamba kuvunda ndi kukhala wamakwinya. Monga zodzitetezera ayenera anasankha chifukwa chodzala mbewu yokha zipatso wathanzi, ntchito mu kutentha monga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zothetsa kuthimbirira. Chomera zatsalira, makamaka ndi matenda a nkhaka, ayenera kuwonongedwa yomweyo. M'pofunika kuyan'ana akhudzidwa zomera bowa pa maluwa ndi nthawi kusankha mbewu chifukwa chodzala mu nthaka. Pakuti kupewa matenda bakiteriya (okhota banga) chodzala zomera sayenera wandiweyani. Pakuti kupewa iwo angathe kuchizidwa ndi Bordeaux kusakaniza feteleza okhala potaziyamu.

Kuwonjezera matenda a mafangasi opezeka nkhaka ndi matenda tizilombo. Zina mwa zithunzi wofatsa. Chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake pa masamba a zomera pali mawanga kuwala mtundu wobiriwira. Kuthetsa matenda a nkhaka kapena kupewa ntchito miyeso zotsatirazi: wokhazikika anayendera chomera ndi kutsatira mbali ya maonekedwe ake. Ayenera kutsatira kugwilizana kasinthasintha. Mbewu kupopera njira ya manyowa abwino wobiriwira ndi phulusa nkhuni. Zosakaniza ayenera kumwedwa pa chiŵerengero chikho chimodzi pa chidebe cha matope. matenda oopsa ndi muzu zowola amene angathe kuwononga mbewu. Wa miyeso kuteteza ake zotsatirazi: kuthilira nkhaka ndi madzi ofunda, mulching dothi kutentha ndi kuchotsedwa kwa kachilombo zomera zinthu. Woyambira mbali ya nkhaka ayenera owazidwa makala.

Mumadziwika matenda a mbewu nkhaka, zingachititse kuti imfa ya zomera. Mwachitsanzo, cinoni. Zikuoneka ngati yamawangamawanga woyera pa masamba. Popewa izi, m'pofunika kusintha madzi mbewu za masamba ndi zomera taphunzira obzalidwa malo amodzi. Potsatira zonsezi njira, mungathe kupulumutsa mbewu ndi kuonetsetsa mkulu zokolola za nkhaka.