Nkhaka mbande - malamulo zoyambirira za kulima

Nkhaka - ndi pachaka herbaceous zomera a Cucurbitaceae banja. Mu nkhaka zofuna lalikulu pa kutentha - ndi mbali khalidwe. zokolola zake zabwino Zimatheka pamene kuonetsetsa chinyezi mkulu ndi nthaka osakaniza ndi kutentha akadakwanitsira pafupifupi 25 madigiri. Iwo photophilous chomera Yankho bwino patsogolo zinthu kuyatsa. Nkhaka amadziwikanso udzafunidwa kwa kapangidwe ndi chonde nthaka. Izi ndi mfundo imene mwakula mbande nkhaka.

Mbewu zofesedwa miphika cm osachepera 8 ndi dzenje pansi. Nthaka mu mphika ayenera anasankha kuti anali yogwirizana ndi kapangidwe ka nthaka pa bedi. Ngati dothi mphika adzakhala otayirira, pamene chodzala mu nthaka izo adzauma. Chomera adzayamba kuyang'ana kwa madzi kwina, angaleke ena a mizu, ndipo adzatsogolera anaima pa chitukuko ndipo kenako fruiting. Ngati lotayirira humus nthaka mabedi kuika mphika ndi pansi mwamphamvu, ndiye izo zidzakhala konyowa. Pankhaniyi, bedi, kumene anabzala mbande ya nkhaka Pakufunika pafupipafupi kuthirira zonse.

Pamaso kufesa nthaka mmera zokolola nkhaka ayenera konzekera kwa firiji ndi wosakaniza bwino ndi zipangizo ryhlyaschimi (mchenga ndi peat) mu chiŵerengero cha mbali imodzi ya mchenga ndi peat m'mayiko awiri. Pogula nthaka kukonzekera mbande ayenera kuthira kuchokera mu thumba ndi pa tsiku kupuma, akuyambitsa kangapo. Pamaso kufesa, nthaka ndi zofunika kudzaza fetereza mchere mu chiŵerengero cha 50 g wa feteleza wachilengedwe chonse pa malita 10 dothi. nthaka yake kotero kamodzinso akuyambitsa, mudzaze miphika, ndiye kutsanulira madzi ndi sakhala condense.

Kutsirira bwino maola 2-3, moti nthaka bwino wothira. Ndiye m'pofunika kupereka madzi kukhetsa wosanjikiza pamwamba sanali yonyowa kwambiri ndiponso ndi nthaka yofunika kumera mbewu oxygen. akuya seeding yokwanira mbewu amayesetsa awiri, i.e. 1.0-1.5 cm. Kameredwe kutentha 24-25 madigiri. Mutabzala ayenera kuphimba filimu ndi miphika kwa masiku 3-4 pambuyo kuoneka 50% ya "kuzungulira kuti" kuchotsedwa. Pambuyo cotyledons zonse zikuchitika, m'pofunika kutentha kuchepetsa kwa masiku atatu ndi 19 digiri kuti podsemyadolnoe bondo si lengthened. M'nthawi ya masiku 10 kuthirira ayenera kukhala odziletsa, kuwonjezera kufunika kwake pamene pepala chachiwiri adzaoneka. Mu nyengo dzuwa, ndi mu gawo la 3-4 masamba ayenera madzi pafupifupi tsiku lililonse.

Pali malamulo, mmene kukula mbande ya nkhaka. Pamene kwambiri chinyezi mpweya ndi nthaka ilo limakula ndi masamba akuluakulu, koma pachinyezi ndi dongosolo ofooka mizu. Amenewa mbande ya nkhaka poipa kulekerera ndi kumuika umapulumuka mu nthaka yoipa. Mbande zofunika kudyetsa osachepera kawiri. Pamene waima pafupi ndi chomera amayamba kukhudza masamba mzake, miphika ayenera kukonza. Ngati simuchita izi, masamba m'munsi ndi opepuka, ndi cotyledons likhoza kuvunda ndi kuguluka. Lonse kukula nyengo kumafuna ena kutentha modes: tsiku, madigiri 21-23, madigiri 18-20 usiku, 20-22 madigiri kutentha mizu.

mbande nkhaka tcheru ndi kutentha kwa nthaka mu mphika. Ngati ndi pansipa madigiri 16, chitukuko zovuta dongosolo muzu nthawi yomweyo wofooka kukula kwa zomera lonse. Mwapanikizika zinthu kutentha, madigiri monga 35 masana ndi madigiri 14 usiku kapena kwambiri otsika kuwala aumbike Netherbloom. Inu simungakhoze kuika mphika pawindo ozizira ndi mazenera lotseguka. Drafts zovulaza nkhaka. Ndi mbande chodzala adzakhala okonzeka mu masiku 20-25. Izo ziyenera masamba 4-6, mizu bwino anayamba ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi 30 masentimita. Asanadzalemo m'pofunika kuchotsa mphukira mbali ndi maluwa. Mukhoza kuyamba kubzala pamene nthaka wakhala kutenthetsa digiri 16-17.