Lymphocytes kuchuluka. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Nthawi zambiri pamene mukumwa kusanthula magazi limasonyeza kuti magazi a anthu lymphocytes kuchuluka. Kodi inunso unaoneka pa zimene zimenezi yosasangalatsa? Kuteteza maselo otchedwa lymphocytes (chitetezo) dongosolo. Iwo amatuluka ndi mafupa mu thupi. Maselo amenewa ali ndi udindo kuzindikira tizilombo dziko lililonse ndi kuwayankha. Pofuna kupeza chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mlingo wawo magazi, m'pofunika kumvetsa zimene atayezetsa chimasonyeza. Lymphocytes kuchuluka nthawi zambiri, koma m'pofunika kumvetsa chofunikira kwambiri.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo amenewa. Chifukwa T-lymphocytes, kwaiye mu thymus (thymus) udindo kudziŵa mitundu yeniyeni tizilombo. Ndi ku maselo amenewa zimadalira ayankhe yake ndi olondola malowedwe a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo. Maselo amenewa anawagawa "zakupha", inhibiting kukula kwa tizilombo ndi kuwononga maselo anakhudzidwa a chamoyo; "Mthandizi" kulimbikitsa kulimbikitsa chitetezo chokwanira, ndi "suppressors" kuti akathetse chitetezo cha m'thupi ayankhe. Mtundu wa lymphocyte ndi pafupifupi 80% ya okwana lapansi.

B-lymphocytes amapangidwa ndi lymphoid mfundo minofu lymph, tonsils, ndulu ndi intestine yaing'ono. Iwo umatulutsa mankhwala akupha (mapuloteni wapadera) omwe mavairasi, maselo chotupa mabakiteriya mbaavunga. Kuchuluka kwa matupi awa kufika kulemera enieni 15% (lymphocytes onse).

M'pang'ono pomwe mwazi wa maselo a anthu NK. chiwerengero chawo si upambana 10%. Maselo amenewa ali ndi udindo kupewa zotupa zosiyanasiyana ndi matenda.

Mu wathanzi maselo a anthu bwinobwino ochuluka monga 36-40% ya chiwerengero cha maselo oyera. Deta yotere wolembedwa mu kusanthula mawu mtheradi motere: 1,0-3,6 * 10 (9) / L. Iwo malire awa, chiwerengero cha lymphocytes imatengedwa yachibadwa. Ana, mlingo wawo zosiyana kwambiri ndi zikhoza kusintha. Kutangoyamba, ndi kuchokera 9 kwa 32 10 (9) / L. Ndi zaka, manambala awa ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa zaka 18 ndi kufika kanjedza mtheradi 1-4 * 10 (9) / L.

Lymphocytes kuchuluka pa matenda tizilombo (fuluwenza, tizilombo matenda a chiwindi B, pertussis, chikuku, chikuku), matenda nonviral (diphtheria, malungo, tayifodi, chindoko), tokoplazmoza, matenda magazi (lymphoblastic lymphosarcoma). Nthawi zina, kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha maselo magazi chifukwa kudya mankhwala.

Lymphocytes zochuluka boma lymphocytosis. Ukuchitira umboni kwa kuchuluka kwa maselo amenewa magazi kuti amazungulira kukhetsa mwazi. Iwo zimagawidwa ku mitundu 2: mtheradi ndi wachibale. Maonekedwe a mitundu zimadalira matenda, ukuyenda mthupi. Wachibale lymphocytosis, kapena kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha lymphocytes pa ndende yachibadwa kwathunthu mtheradi kuchuluka, limapezeka kaŵirikaŵiri. Iye amapezeka matenda amene amakhala ndichepe zina leukocytes. Chotero lymphocytosis khalidwe pa matenda tizilombo, matenda yotupa, typhoid malungo, brucellosis.

Mtheradi lymphocytosis zikusonyeza ponso mtheradi chiwerengero cha lymphocytes. Iwo anati mu matenda pachimake. Ndi khalidwe la chikuku, chikuku, fever, TB. Zikuoneka ndi lymphosarcoma.

Mu matenda aakulu kutupa yokhudza kusalola ndi chotupa ndi lymphocytes, onse a mitundu lymphocytosis m'magazi zingaoneke.

Ngati maselo ndi kukwezeka akuluakulu zingakhale umboni wa matenda monga mononucleosis opatsirana, matenda a chiwindi tizilombo, chindoko sekondale, mphumu, matenda a chiwindi, matenda seramu, matenda endocrine, matenda Addison a, hyperplasia wa thymus lapansi. Nthawi zambiri chikhalidwe ichi kumachitika pamene B12-akusowa magazi m'thupi, kuchepa ACTH ndi glucocorticoids, yaitali osadya, yamchiberekero hypofunction, acromegaly.