Luiz Burzhua: yonena ndi ntchito

Tikupereka inu timudziwe bwino mmodzi wa ojambula zithunzi chidwi kwambiri kwa zaka za m'ma 20 - Luiz Burzhua. Wambiri ndi ntchito m'nkhani ino. L. Bourgeois - American ziboliboli, wojambula zachiwerewere ndi zojambula za chiyambi French. Louise - wojambula amene mythologized zoopsa ake ndi obsessions, komanso mfundo za ubwana wake. Mu moyo wake wamkulu analibe zodabwitsa weniweni, koma Bourgeois sanasiye kuti asamalire kupwetekedwa maganizo amene anali kumuvutitsa kuyambira ndili wamng'ono.

Childhood ndi sewero Louise

Louise anabadwa mu 1911 ku Paris. Bourgeois anakulira Aubusson, chigawo French. Kodi banja ake anali msonkhano wa kubwezeretsedwa kwa zopeta. Monga wachinyamata, Louise zapatsidwa mu Lyceum Fenellona - yapamwamba bungwe maphunziro. Mtsikanayo anali pafupi kwambiri kwa amake, Josephine. Louise Josephine zambiri anathandiza pa ntchito: utoto, ankasoka mended zopeta.

Kubverana kunja bwino pamene makolo awo anali kutali abwino. Atate Luiz pafupifupi poyera kubera pa mkazi wake ndi mngelezi - aboma la ana awo. Msungwana wamng'ono zimenezi banal anakhala sewero weniweni. Iye anapulumuka naye moyo wanga wonse, ndi kuonanso ntchito. atate wake Luiz ankaona wachinyengo. Iye ankafuna kudzipha pambuyo pa imfa ya mayi ake.

University tuition ndi pandekha

Luiz Burzhua mu 1932 analembetsa pa Sorbonne. Apa iye anaphunzira mbalume, masamu ndi masamu. Mu chaka chomwecho, Bourgeois anapita Soviet Union. Popeza 1936, Louise anakhala nawo situdiyo luso ndi masukulu a Paris. Iye anakaphunzira ku msonkhano ndipo Constantin Brancusi, ndi ziboliboli wamkulu, amene panthawiyo anali mwambo chithunzi cha m'dera avant-garde. Louise anatenga maphunziro ndi Fernand Léger, ndi cubist wotchuka. Iye anayamikira luntha lake ndi kulimbikitsidwa mtsikana kuchita chosema.

Ukwati ndi imfa ya mwamuna kapena mkazi

Chochitika chofunika kwambiri pamoyo wake, Louise chinachitika mu 1938, pamene iye anakwatira Robert Goldwater, ndi American luso mbiri ndi Harvard maphunziro. Atakwatirana kuti banjali anasamukira ku New York. Apa mwamuna Bourgeois anapita kukagwira ntchito pa Museum luso wosazindikira (anaikidwa wotsogolera chake choyamba). Chitsanzo mgwirizano wa pokondana anthu kulenga chinakhalapo mpaka 1974, pamene Louise anafa mwamuna. Anamuberekera ana aamuna atatu.

Zojambula ndi zojambula ndi Louise

Bourgeois pa chiyambi cha ntchito yake yolenga, anaphunzira kupenta ndi zithunzi. Mu mndandanda wa ntchito Femme Maison, olengedwa mwa zaka 1945-1947., Ndipo agwa Women (1946-1947 gg.), Wojambula The ntchito njira ya Surrealists. Iwo melds pamodzi mfundo zosiyanasiyana kapangidwe, ofanana ndi nyumba, ndi thupi la mkazi. Ntchito izi akuganiza Louise, kodi akazi amagwira m'banja. Ambiri amaona kuti udindo umenewu tingaupeze chisamaliro cha kunyumba. Komabe, Bourgeois yekha amanena kuti ntchito yake - ndi parody wa surrealism, amene anali kuyesera kuti mulingalire mayi mu mawonekedwe a zomangamanga.

Kudandaula chosema

Louise mu 1940s ndi lolunjika pa chosema lapansi. Chikhochi ndi chimodzi cha ambuye zabwino za zana la 20. Woyamba zatsopano pulasitiki Louise noticeable chikoka chachikale chinkawavuta Greek, drevneamerikanskoy ndi chosema African. Iwo mme- zotsatira za ambuye wamkulu wa atumwi wotsiriza, monga Henry Moore ndi Constantin Barnkuzi Alberto Giacometti, amene amadziwikanso zochokera ntchito yawo mapulasitiki chachikale chinkawavuta. Bourgeois chosema poyamba inkakhala magulu a mitundu organic ndi umboni, nthawi zambiri zinali za matabwa.

"Wakhungu akutsogolera akhungu"

"Wakhungu akutsogolera akhungu", unakhazikitsidwa mu 1947, ndi imodzi mwa ntchito wotchuka Luiz Burzhua. Iwo akhoza ankaona mwachindunji mayina ndi "Msangani wa Akhungu", anachita ndi Pieter Bruegel Wamkulu. Ntchito Louise dongosolo ongokhala 20 yaitali pinki backups nkhuni, tapering downwardly, ndi pamwamba chikugwirizana ndi chikhomo-mlatho. Kuphweka kwa chosema ichi ndi zokhumudwitsa, ndi maganizo kwithu ndi Kusakhazikika amagwira. Bourgeois limanena kuti ntchito - ndi reminiscence zofuna za mwanayo kubisala pansi pa tebulo pamene banja chakudya zoipa zimachitika.

zipangizo zatsopano

Mu 1960, mu ziboliboli za Louise anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo monga mwala, mkuwa ndi lalabala. Pambuyo kuyendera Italy, kunachititsa nsangalabwi. Mu 1949, icho poyamba anasonyeza chosema Bourgeois - mu New York, mu zomera peridium.

Chidwi ndi "mbali mdima" ndi kugonana

Louise ndi wojambula-postsyurrealistom, amene ananena lokha 1930-1940-ntchentche. Pa nthawi iyi kale kubwera ku ziyambe kukonzedwa French surrealist kuyenda. Ojambula zithunzi zokhudza izo, konse analenga logwirizana gulu. Sanali ochita ziwonetsere, mapulogalamu Kuwulutsa ndi mawu declarative. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mu angapo ojambula zithunzi izi, gulu kuti sanali kokha chidwi mu "poipira" moyo aluntha ndi maganizo, ankaikira Romantics, komanso kuti thupi, amene ndi chiwonetsero cha "poipira." N'chifukwa chake kugonana kwa kuvulala Louise okhudzana, komanso kusaka chopweteka adzadziwire yake, ntchito ubale jenda. Mu 1968, Bourgeois anapereka 2 ziboliboli kuti ali onse ozunguza ndipo nditaona: "ukufalikira Janus" ndi "Bakuman".

"Bakuman"

Linapangidwa wa lalabala chimphona phallus ikulendewera mbedza wopha. chosema ili mukuimira munthu view yovuta Luiz Burzhua mu iconography wa phallus ndi kugwirizana udindo wamwamuna. M'munsi mwa chosema akhoza kuwerenga ngati testes amphongo ndi mmene mabere akazi ndi m'chiuno anamaliza ngati mkazi, kuchepetsa crotch.

"Ukufalikira Janus"

"Ukufalikira Janus" - ntchito imene pawiri zimaonekera akalumikidzidwa jenda, ukuyenda mu wina ndi mnzake. Mu Latin, "Janus" amatanthauza "ndimeyi", "Chipilala". Komabe, onse mulungu awiri yachisoni, amene wina nkhope watsata m'mbuyomu ndi ina yoyang'ana m'tsogolo, kuti janua - zipata Mulungu anatsegula mu yamtendere ndi kutseka pa nkhondo. Okhwima monolithic gawo lapansi ndi chosema ndi chifaniziro cha penises awiri flaccid, amene olumikizidwa kwa mchitidwe chapakati, pafupifupi MAONEKEDWE ENIENI, amatikumbutsa tsitsi obisika ndi kusiyana kugonana. The adjective "ukufalikira" amatanthauza fanizo la kumaliseche ndi zonunkhira ndi maluwa. Akazi ndi amuna adasonkhana ngati nkhope ziwiri. penises awiri nthawi imodzi ofanana ndi matako akazi, ntchafu ndi mawere.

"Kuwonongedwa kwa Atate"

Luiz Burzhua anamaliza unsembe koyamba mu 1974. Iwo anatsegula gawo latsopano mu mbiri kulenga ya mbuye. Mu Bourgeois "Kuwonongedwa kwa Atate," ndi ziboliboli azindikira mu zovuta kukumbukira mawonekedwe pulasitiki kowawa ndipo achibadwidwe, tikukhala mu chikumbumtima, amene amayamba ndi zotsutsana ndi bambo wake, atatsamira kwambiri wolemba kuyambira ali mwana. Khazikitsa dongosolo ofanana ndi mphanga. Ziwerengero tofanana miyala anazungulira mbale nsembe ndi anamwazikana thupi mbali yake, kuphatikizapo ndalama za nkhosa, amene anagulidwa ndi wopha shopu.

Ntchito imeneyi, Louise n'chochititsa mantha kwambiri, kukumbutsa ntchito ya Spanish wojambula Francisco Goya, amene kwambiri anayamikira Bourgeois.

Nthawi ya "maselo"

Mu 1990s, ndi akugwirabe ntchito Luiz Burzhua. Zilandiridwenso limayenda ndi msinkhu - nthawi ya "maselo." Wojambula cholinga chake chilengedwe cha ganizo Environnement, amene adzakhala kudzidalira popanda chilengedwe m'nyumbayi. Environnement Izi akhoza kulowa. nyumba izi ndi mtundu wa kutchinjiriza zinachitikira wabweza m'mbuyomu. Cell (Choisy) - khungu kuti muli nsangalabwi chosema nyumba. Pamwamba aikidwa ndi guillotine lalikulu. chosema ichi chokhala ngati akuona zochitika zoopsa.

banja IV

The ntchito Luiz Burzhua Patapita nthawi monga angapo zolinga komanso kanjedza anapanga nsalu. Iwo akuyimira madigiri zosiyanasiyana okhumudwa ndi ululu. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito ya 1997 Banja IV amaimira chinthu chokhala ndi zachikale kuwonetsera kwa nyumbayi. Izo zikusonyeza kanjedza chiguduli awiri popanda mitu, kuyesera kuti azipanga chikondi.

"Kangaude"

Unsembe "Kangaude" Luiz Burzhua (chithunzi pansipa) wakhala chizindikiro cha ntchito mochedwa ziboliboli ndi. Imafotokoza chitsanzo changwiro cha limaonetseratu ndipo ndiyanzeru kamangidwe, olengedwa mwa chibadwa. Mu wophiphiritsa dictionary Louise Bourgeois kangaude wosachita makhalidwe oipa. Iwo amagwirizana ndi mayi ake Louise, wanzeru komanso moyenera kusamala, mtima, anzeru, chipangizo, zothandiza, chofunika ndi zaukhondo, ngati kangaude wa. tizilombo amagwirizana ndi khama ya mkazi, komanso akhale mmisiri waluso wa mkanjo wa. Imodzi mwa ntchito pa nkhani imeneyi, analengedwa ndi Louise, ndipo amatchedwa - "Mayi." Pulasitiki yaikulu mawonekedwe, anapanga zamkuwa, kufupika kwake ndi kuphweka luso zojambula kuonetsa achilendo bourgeois tanthauzo la bwino amgwirizano.

Woyamba chachikulu chionetserocho

Mu 2000, wotchuka Tate Modern Gallery ku London anagwirizira yoyamba chionetsero cha Louise Bourgeois, imene inkatchedwa "Ine ndikuchita, ine kuwononga, Ine rework." Kuti walengeza kukhalako kwa State National Museum. Louise anali ziboliboli choyamba, amene zochita linaikidwa phata latsopano luso la chi. chionetserocho anali kupambana kwake, ndiponso kusankha mbuye - si mwangozi, kuyambira Bourgeois zilandiridwenso pakati pake penipeni - ndi anthology luso ano.

Chionetsero "Luiz Burzhua nyumba kukhala :. Maselo"

Mu 2015, a Museum of Modern Art "Garage" anapereka chionetsero chachikulu cha Bourgeois mu Moscow. chionetserochi amalimbana kwambiri ziboliboli mndandanda-Environnement kuti zinalengedwa ndi Louise mu zaka 20 kumapeto a moyo wawo. M'zaka zoposa 80 ntchito ndi Bourgeois: unsembe, ziboliboli oyambirira, zojambula ndi zojambula umene unachitika nzeru mkombero ntchito.

Luiza Burzhua, amene ntchito ukulemekezedwa dziko, moyo wautali. Iye anamwalira ndi matenda a mtima pa zaka 98 ku New York, May 31, 2010.