Kutsegula kwa University Moscow

Kutsegula kwa Moscow State University mu 1755 anapangidwa zikomo zotheka kuti ntchito yogwira wasayansi kwambiri, academician wa oyamba mu Russia - Mikhail Lomonosov. Bungweli ankaona wamkulu mu dziko apamwamba bungwe maphunziro. University dzina anali kupereka mu 1940, pamene bungwe la chikondwerero zaka 185.

Pamaziko a Academy of Sciences ku St. Petersburg kumbuyo mu 1724 zinalengedwa ndi sekondale ndi yunivesite. Ntchito yawo inali kukonzekera Russian ogwira sayansi. Komabe, mabungwe musati kupirira ntchito zawo. Lomonosov mobwerezabwereza akufuna kukhazikitsidwa kwa University Moscow. Okhazikitsidwa mu kalata Shuvalov, wasayansi bwana unatengedwa monga maziko maphunziro ntchito mabungwe. Monga amadziwika, Shuvalov anali kusonyeza Mfumukazi Elizabeth, iye anathandiza chitukuko cha chikhalidwe Russian ndi sayansi, ankalimbikitsa ndi njira zambiri Mihaila Lomonosova.

Atalingaliranso anagonjera kusodza wa bungwe latsopano maphunziro, Elizabeth 25 January 1755 zinasaina lamulo pa zifukwa zake. Kutsegula kwa University Moscow unachitikira May 7, 1755. Tsiku lomwelo Elizabeth anali kukondwerera tsiku la coronation wake. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo masiku awa akhala gawo limodzi la zochitika za m'banja. Kutsegula kwa University Moscow chikondwerero zikondwerero wophunzira. Masiku a Science Ophunzira 'Timagalasi ndi Conference lapachaka "Lomonosov mapepala" komanso anapima umenewu.

Malinga ndi dongosolo la mlengi wake, kutsegula kwa MSU anayamba ndi mapangidwe zochitachita atatu: zachipatala, malamulo komanso nzeru za anthu. Anayamba kuphunzitsa ophunzira onse mu mphamvu ya Philosophy. Iwo analandira maphunziro mu zaumunthu ndi sayansi. Komanso, achinyamata akhoza kupitiriza maphunziro awo, okhazikika mu mkhalidwe womwewo kapena M kupita malamulo kapena mankhwala. Mu University Moscow sinabweretse mphamvu zaumulungu, mosiyana mayunivesite European. Ichi ndi chifukwa Russia ntchito Orthodox atumiki wapadera kukonzekera dongosolo, zimene zinaphatikizapo nkhani zonse mu Latin ndi Russian.

MSU osiyana demokalase wophunzira ndi ndodo professorial. Mfundo imeneyi kwathandiza kwambiri kuti kufalitsa kwa omangidwa mwa iwo maganizo nzeru m'munda wa sayansi ndi anthu. Yunivesite akanakhoza kuchita anachokera aliyense koma serfs kalasi. Pankhaniyi, dongosolo maphunziro inamangidwa monga masukulu Chitsanzo Western, imene mfundo inatha yaitali survivals.

Kutsegula kwa University Moscow amafuna ndalama zina. State azimayi kuphimba ndalama pang'ono chabe. Komanso, pa chiyambi cha kukula kwa ophunzira bungwe sadzakhala mlandu, ndipo kenako kuchokera ku tichotse ophunzira osauka. Utsogoleri anakakamizika kufunafuna magwero osiyanasiyana ndalama zina, moti anagwiritsa ntchito zamalonda. Great mphatso za chitukuko ya University apanga ogula (Stroganoff, Demidov, Young). Adutsa zosoŵa za bungwe anapeza zida, mabuku, zopereka, analengeza maphunziro wophunzira. The University anakhazikitsa mwambo kuti aphunzitsi anapatsa zopereka laibulale zawo.

Moscow University ndi mtsogoleri mu Kukwezeleza ndi kufalitsa sayansi. Nkhani ya aphunzitsi ndi kutsutsana ophunzira anali wotseguka kwa anthu. Chaka chotsatira pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa bungwe mabuku ndi kusindikiza nyumba linatsegulidwa pa maziko ake. Choncho anayamba zoweta buku yosindikiza. Pa nthawi yomweyo anaona kuwala wa Nyuzipepala yoyamba omwe si aboma "Moscow News". Kuyambira January 1760 anayamba kupangidwa zolembalemba magazini (woyamba ku likulu) "Zothandiza zoseketsa."