Gerta Oberhoyzer: zatsopano, mbiri, zithunzi

Gerta Oberhoyzer - mmodzi wa mlanduwu olemekezeka mlandu dokotala. dzina lake mantha anthu ambiri, ndi m'manyuzipepala "chokongoletsedwa" chithunzi chake mu chaka 46th. Pa m'nthawi akadali zodabwitsa mmene losavuta dokotala kuchokela kuchigawo akanakhoza kutenga nawo mbali pa zatsopano zoopsa pa anthu?

milandu Nazi amantha ngakhale patapita zaka 70.

Gerta Oberhoyzer: yonena

Gert anabadwa mu Cologne mu 1911. Makolo ake anali ogwira ntchito wamba. The First World nkhondo ndi zotsatira zake kwa Germany amphamvu kwambiri nkhonya ku bajeti Herta Oberheuser banja. Atate anali katswiri pa chiyambi cha m'ma 20, pamene makampani mafakitale ndi anawonjezera kokha, anali yapamwamba kwambiri Kusoweka. Komabe, ndalama maphunziro Hertha sanali. Choncho, iye anali kupeza ndalama zawo, kaphatikizidwe kuphunzira ndi ntchito. Mu 1937 anamaliza ku University Medical wa Hertha mu Düsseldorf. Diploma amalola kuti apitirize ntchito ya sayansi. Pambuyo pa mliri wa nkhondo amatenga ntchito dokotala.

Anthu amene panokha ankadziwa Herta Oberheuser amati mu maphunziro ndi kuchita mobwerezabwereza ntchito njira komanso nyama.

m'kalasi Gert kufotokoza mmene chatsekedwa ndipo munthu unsociable. Wachitira chachilendo mokwanira, anali zazing'ono, nsanje, zoipa. Monga anthu ambiri ndi mtundu wofanana wa khalidwe, mu 1937, iye akulowa Nazi gulu la Adolf Hitler.

Kulowa mu NSDAP

Gerta Oberhoyzer analembedwa Nazi Party kwa zaka 2 pamaso pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Pa nthawi imeneyo, nawo Nazi Party anali Madongosolo a anthu onse amene akufuna patsogolo awo ntchito mmunda uliwonse. Koma Hertha komanso zikuoneka ndi Nazi maganizo. ntchito ndale, iye sankafuna. Pa nthawi palibe umboni ulaliki wake pa misonkhano chipani kapena zochita zina zotere. Iye akulera anthu kumene anavomereza malemba ndi maweruzo, amene anali kutsatira zonse "germanka weniweni".

Pambuyo ntchito mwachidule Hertha anaona ponenera kwa asilikali a ogwira ntchito kuchipatala mu msasa wa chibalo Ravensbrück. Iye yofunsira, ndipo mu 1941 anapita ku ntchito.

yozunzirako

Pambuyo ntchito ya m'madera ena anayamba woyamba katundu kumenyana mu Poland. Chachitatu Ulamuliro wa Nazi anafika m'malire a dziko la Soviet Union m'manja ambiri ku Ulaya. Kuchokera m'mayiko onse amene anabedwa anthu wamba ndi akaidi a nkhondo Germany. Pamene nthawi yaitali panalibe malo ndende (zimenezi zinatha pamene chipani cha Nazi atayamba kulamulira okha), choncho akaidi anatumizidwa ku ndende ndende. Mmodzi wa awa - ndi Ravensbrück, inali pafupifupi 100 makilomita ku Berlin. Zinali wamkazi. Kuwonjezera pa akazi komanso zili ndi ana awo.

Poyamba lankhosa pano "yonyozana mtundu" Germany. NKHONDO yoyamba ya kutsasa kubweretsa Roma ndi Ayuda awo. Pambuyo ntchito ya Poland ndi Yugoslavia, chiwerengero cha akaidi chawonjezeka kangapo. A kuchuluka yaikulu anali polkas. Komanso, oimira Chisebiya ndi ena anthu Asilavo. Mu 1942 apa anayamba kutumiza akapolo mu nkhondo akazi Crimea Soviet Red Army.

msasa akaidi anali kulamulidwa ntchito kumalo a ntchito. Awa anali makamaka nsalu mafakitale, ndipo pambuyo pake anatumiza kupanga nkhondo. Komanso, akazi amayenera kumanga m'chipindacho a msasa ndi chitetezo kunyumba. Pa tsiku la akaidiwo angapo zidutswa za mkate ndi mbatata kapena kuyeretsa burachnye. Chifukwa kutupikana, kalavulagaga, zinthu zomvetsa chisoni m'ndende, kuzunzidwa ndi nkhanza ndi 1945 mumsasa anaphedwa ndi akazi ndi ana 92 chikwi.

Zatsopano pa anthu

Ambiri a iwo anafa chifukwa cha zatsopano zachipatala. Cholinga chachikulu cha zatsopano awa anali kuphunzira khalidwe la thupi laumunthu mu zosiyanasiyana zachilendo zomwe zingabuke pa nkhondoyo. Moto umenewo unyeketsa, kuzirala, mabala ndi kuvulala ena. Mu njira zimenezi, anali akukhudzidwa Gerta Oberhoyzer. Zatsopano kumeneku kunachitika zaka zingapo ndipo pafupifupi amapha.

Choyamba kusankha akaidi amene, monga mwa Nazi woyenera kwambiri zimenezo. Kenako dala ziwalo ndi simulating kuvulala anavutika nkhondo. Komanso, kuonerera zinachitikadi. "Madokotala" analemba zimene lake ndi matenda. Ambiri mwa njira ankachiritsa popanda mankhwala oletsa ululu. Mankhwala sitepe akaidi kutumikiridwa mankhwala nyemba komanso kufufuza zotsatira zawo.

matenda

Mwachitsanzo, mu thupi la akaidi msasa anali kutumikiridwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga zitsulo dzimbiri lapansi, nkhuni. Komanso, pali matenda amene amaliona m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Malinga ndi umboni wa anthu osiyanasiyana, Gerta Oberhoyzer osati anayesa zatsopano amagwira, komanso amasangalala ndi ntchito yake. Iye anatenga udindo wa madokotala ena amene sakanakhoza kuchita ngati lamkunkhuniza ntchito. Akazi ambiri amene akhala pansi zatsopano anali polkas. Mu 1943, Oberhoyzer Gerta Gerbhardta anali kuchipatala komwe anakagwira ntchito mpaka kumapeto kwa nkhondo.

akaidi Ravensbrück anali pansi zatsopano za kugwa kwa ulamuliro wa Nazi. Mu 1945, Red Army anamasula akaidi a m'mbuyomu. Ambiri anawatumiza ku Scandinavia pulogalamu ya Red Cross.

The Nuremberg Mayesero madokotala

Gerta Oberhoyzer analandidwa pa mapeto a nkhondo ndi kuikidwa mu ndende. Mu 1946 anatenga pa ndondomeko amene amadziwika ndi madokotala.

Zakhala ambiri anaphimba pa TV. Anthu anadabwa kwambiri ndi mfundo mantha nkhanza za anthu. Pa mlandu Hertha ankanena kuti anali yekha executor. Komanso, monga chitetezo ndi ntchito mfundo za kupha "experimental" monga mwa kukoma mtima. atsogoleri onse a "dipatimenti experimental" Ravensbrück anali kuti aphedwe.

Gerta Oberhoyzer m'ndende zaka 20 m'ndende, koma anabwera kudzera 10.

Nditatuluka, iye ntchito mu zipatala zosiyanasiyana. Mu ndondomeko imeneyi, yemwe kale Ravensbrück mkaidi anamva kuti mmodzi mwa madokotala ndi Gerta Oberhoyzer. A Nazi chithunzi zinatuluka m'manyuzipepala wamba ambiri. kulira anthu amakakamizidwa boma kuti liletse Germany Hertha ntchito mankhwala. Herta Oberheuser anafa January 24, 1978.