Kungur: zowoneka ndi mbiri

Mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Perm Krai ndi Kungur. Zokopa za mzinda amatha kudabwa ngakhale wapaulendo yemwe wakhala zaka zambiri. Ndipotu, pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha zinthu zonse achibadwa ndi opangidwa ndi zofunika kuwona. The kwambiri kuti ndifike kwa Kungur chabe chifukwa mzinda anawoloka mwa misewu iwiri - Perm - Ekaterinburg ndi Perm - Solikamsk, Trans-Siberia Railway, ndipo njanji.

Mbiri ya Kungur

Deti la maziko a mzinda ndi 1648, ndi kudzachita - mtsinje Kungurka. Mu 1662 m'tauni anawonongedwa chifukwa Seitskogo kupanduka, ndipo mu 1663 Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich analamula kuti abwezeretse izo, koma pa malo atsopano, ndiko kuti, confluence a mitsinje awiri - Sylva ndi Iren.

malo yabwino anathandiza chakuti mzindawo unakhala likulu la zamalonda ndipo loyang'anira derali, ndipo patapita nthawi - likulu a m'chigawo Perm. Mu XIX m'ma Kungur ameja wamalonda mzinda, Mwamseri icho chinali kutchedwa "likulu tiyi ya Russian Ufumu." Nthawi imeneyi, munkakhala amalonda ambiri amene ndalama zinamangidwa zokopa Kungur, amene lero kuperekedwa pamaso pa anthu ndi alendo omwe. Mpingo uwu ndi nyumba Manor, ndi masukulu ndi makoleji, ndi Arcade, ndi zambiri.

mpingo Kungur

Kuyambira nthawi ya maziko a Kungur iye wakhala kale likulu la chikhalidwe Kama Orthodox. Iye anapitiriza udindo uwu lero. Tsopano 4 Orthodox mpingo (St. Nicholas, ndi Chiwalitsiro, Tikhvin ndi Oyera) ali pa m'gawo lake Kungur. Zokopa za malowa adzakhala chidwi monga munthu wachipembedzo, ndipo okonda zomangamanga.

Tikhvin Church inamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 18 likuvutika abwanamkubwa Yu. A. Matyunina. kachisiyo mutu asanu mizere iwiri ya mawindo Baroque dongosolo mwala. Quadrangular entablature ndi cornice trims chokongoletsedwa ndi "Zhuchkova" frieze. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19 mpingo anamangidwanso kuyamika zopereka A. S. Gubkina, amene anali Russian wamalonda-tiyi ogulitsa. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 20 Tikhvin kachisi anali ankamangidwanso mu mafilimu a kanema "October", koma mpingo ukugwira ntchito lero, ndipo pali Orthodox Akristu azipemphera, malo amene ali Kungur zogona.

malo osangalatsa mulinso Chiwalitsiro Church. Ndi kachisi yekha m'chigawo, amene aposa ndi "Groin" domes asanu. Anamanga kachisi inali nthawi kuchokera 1768 mpaka 1782 likuvutika I. M. Hlebnikova yemwe anamwalira mu 1774 kuteteza mzindawu asilikali a Pugachev. Pa nthawi, kachisi ndi kwathunthu ntchito.

mzinda Gostiny Dvor

Trade ndi mzinda wamalonda - ndi udindo ichi kwa nthawi yaitali anali atapatsidwa Kungur. Zosangalatsa kuti masiku ano m'gawo lake kuti atsimikizire zimenezi. Ndi za Gostiny Dvor mzinda. Mu Cathedral Square nyumba imene inamangidwa zaka 1865-1876. Iwo ankayimiridwa ngati polygon chatsekedwa, wodzala padziko kukafika kutsogolo kwa mzere wa m'khola. Mamangidwe a nyumba unkagwiritsidwa kalembedwe chakale ndi zowawa za eclecticism. Kuchokera kunja Gostiny Dvor imachitika zomera m'nyumba ndipo mkati m'bwalo, zambiri kuyenda anthu amene pa zifukwa kapena wina anafika Kungur.

zokopa mzindawo mulinso yaing'ono makhalidwe bwalo, yomwe inamangidwa zaka 1872-1874 kalembedwe Akasakaniza ndi mfundo za kalembedwe wakale ndi amajambulapo maluwa okongola kalelo. Tsopano nyumbayi ndi Museum of History wa amalonda.

Ancient sukulu ya m'mudzi

Poganizira Zosangalatsa Kungur (Perm dera) sitingakane ndi mabungwe maphunziro omwe adamangidwa mu nthawi zosiyana za nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1878 wamalonda A. S. Gubkinym inamangidwa Elizabethan needlework sukulu. Malonda bungwe anamangidwira pokumbukira mwana wake Elizabeti, amene zapita m'banda. sukuluyi anafuna kuti maphunziro ndipo analeredwa wa ana amasiye. Popeza 1926, nyumbayi inali mphunzitsi maphunziro a ku koleji, ndipo tsopano - ndi College of Technology Industrial, Management ndi Design.

Mu 1877, anaonekera mu sukulu ntchito mzinda, nyumba imene zida zonse zaluso ndi zogwiritsa ntchito nthawi -. Mauvuni Dutch, kachitidwe mpweya wabwino, etc. The sukulu anaphunzira sayansi, masamu, sayansi, umagwirira, kujambula ndi kutulutsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana, Pakati lathes, akufa pochita ndi zina zambiri. Tsopano apa pali koleji galimoto zoyendera koma ndi chidwi Alendo chifukwa zikuphatikizapo nyumbayi mndandanda wake wa zokopa Kungur. Photos wa bungwe la maphunziro Tingaone pansipa. Komanso alendo mzinda ayenera kufufuza zaka zinayi kukoleji ndi lenileni.

Manors ndi zinyumba Kungur

Kwa zaka zingapo zana, amalonda ambiri ankakhala mu mzinda wa Kungur. Zimakopa chake lero monga yaikulu zosiyanasiyana zigawo ndi nyumba yomwe kale anamangapo ndi umunthu zosiyanasiyana.

Choncho, mu 1927, S. I. Gubkinym unapangidwa bungwe Manor nyumba yomwe inali pa malire a mtengo nyumba, tikalowe, barani, makola ndi malo anthunzi otulutsirako thukuta. Pambuyo pa imfa ya bambo ake, mwana wake A. S. Gubkin mu 1860-70-ntchentche anamangidwira pa malo a nyumba yakale mwala latsopano limene masiku ano.

mwapadera ayenera zazikulu za wamalonda E. Ya Dubinin, pomanga Nyumbayi pa gawo la yomwe inayamba mu 1883. nyumba linapangidwa mu kalembedwe eclecticism njerwa. Pakati pa nyumba inamangidwa ndi mezzanine ndi pediment ndi, yotsirizira wodzilemekeza khonde. Nearby ndi Mpingo wa Tikhvin.

Kupatula iwo tanenera kale, malo chidwi V. A. Scherbakova, M. I. Gribushina GK Kuznetsov, AP Chuloshnikova Ni Kovalev ndi amalonda ena ambiri omwe ankakhala mumzinda wa Kungur. Zikhomo ngati pulani ndi chidwi buffs mbiri ndi okonda zomangamanga.

Okongola a Kungur

Komabe, ambiri opangidwa zokopa Kungur - si chinthu chokha wolemera mzinda. M'gawo lake ndi madera ozungulira ndipo pali ambiri achilengedwe kukongola - mitsinje, nyanja ndi zitunda. Koma kwambiri chidwi Kungur Ice Cave, amene ali woyamba mu Russia, wokonzeka alendo. Ndi izi kukopa zachirengedwe gawo kumpoto kum'mawa kwa mzinda, mu Ice Mountain, limene lili pakati pa mitsinje ndi Iren Shakva Mtsinje.

Pa nthawi, kufufuza m'mapanga ndi 5,7 kuchokera kutali, koma ulendo wotsogoleredwa ndi 1.5 okha kuchokera kutali. Pansi 60 nyanja wodzazidwa ndi loonekeratu madzi. Chaka chilichonse phanga kukaona ndi anthu pafupifupi 100,000. Mwina posachedwapa chinthu adzaukitsidwa mu UNESCO mndandanda cholowa Nkhani kale mukukambirana.