Kulima mavwende mu Siberia - makamaka chisamaliro

Mavwende anali kamodzi mukusoŵa minda Siberia. Thermophilic sadzachitanso mizu mu nyengo m'deralo, zipatso zambiri wamkulu otsika kwambiri mu kukoma kwa achibale awo kum'mwera kwa Astrakhan. Koma nthawi kusintha, ndipo tsopano kulima mavwende mu Siberia sizikuwoneka kukhala chinachake zosaneneka. Chifukwa cha kusankha m'dera anakwanitsa kufika mitundu kuti zipse pa lalifupi chilimwe. Ndipo iwo kwathunthu vyspevayut m'minda, kulawa lokoma ndi fungo. Koma kukula mavende pa malo anu n'zotheka aliyense nyakulima. Chifukwa pamafunika amadziwa bwino za kulima mbewu imeneyi.

Kuti mavwende akhoza kukula ndi kukhala bwino kusankha malo bwino chimawalitsika ndi ili kum'mwera. Ngati dziko ntchito paulimi zina, m'pofunika kuti atchule mu yophukira kukumba humus kapena kuwaika nthaka. Kuti kukula mavwende mu Siberia anali opambana, m'pofunika kuti fetereza nthaka. Kudyetsa ikuchitika m'chaka. Chifukwa chodzala mavwende kupanga mabowo kapena mizere. Nthawi yabwino chifukwa chodzala mavwende mu Siberia imatengedwa kukhala pakati pa May, pamene dziko lapansi wakhala nthawi m'firiji pamtunda ndipo konzekera bwino. Mbewu amizidwa nthaka akuya masentimita atatu kapena anayi. Mu bwino wina zingabzalidwe zidutswa anayi kapena asanu a mbewu. Iwo unali ndi dziko lapansi.

Kuyambira wamaluwa kukula mavwende mu Siberia imafunanso kuleza mtima ndi ukatswiri. Choncho, pambuyo chodzala mbewu ayenera mulched. Pakuti ichi cholinga kompositi, humus ndi utuchi. Pamene pali mphukira ndi masamba 2-3, iwo ayenera thinned kunja kwa mavwende silinachite ang'onoang'ono. Wochuluka madzi okwanira khalidwe ofunda madzi (kwa madigiri makumi awiri ndi makumi atatu) kamodzi pa masabata 2. Kenako, kama maluwa ayenera yokutidwa ndi cellophane filimu.

Pamene nyengo yofunda wakhazikika, ndi m'chilimwe usiku mpweya kutentha ndi m'munsimu madigiri khumi, ndiye kulima mavwende mu Siberia zimathandiza kuchotsa filimu. Kutsirira ndi anaima masabata awiri pamaso kucha. Pa kukula ayenera kutsina kumbuyo mphukira mbali ndi tsinde chachikulu. Chifukwa, thengo lirilonse ayenera kukhala akulankhula mokalipa awiri kapena atatu. Mu August, pamene yozizira pachimake, mabedi ndi mavwende ayenera kuti adzathe chivundikiro filimu. Mu September n'zotheka kusankha kusonkhanitsa zipatso kucha. Chifukwa, nyakulima tebulo chokongoletsedwa ndi lalikulu, okoma ndi onunkhira vembe, chithunzi ikusonyeza kuti izi.

Mu Siberia, kupulumutsa yokolola mavwende wamkulu, zam'chitini awo chifukwa yozizira. Njira ndi maphikidwe pali ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, anakonza kuchokera kucha zipatso chivwende uchi. Chifukwa chaichi, zamkati atachotsedwa vembe pamodzi ndi mbewu, woponderezedwa, madzi umasefedweramo cheesecloth. magalamu 400 thupi vembe m'pofunika kutenga magalamu 800 a shuga, kapu imodzi ya madzi ndi mandimu atatu.

Kangapo mobwerezabwereza ntchito madzi otentha ndi sefa mpaka kuchuluka koyamba kulemera si yafupika ndi maulendo 10, ndipo ndiye anatsanulira mu mabanki ndi mayina a yozizira. Mwina kumalongeza vembe magawo. Chifukwa chaichi, zipatso kuchapa kusema magawo ndi khungu. Ndiye amaunjika iwo mwamphamvu mu mitsuko ndi kutsanulira madzi otentha kwa mphindi 10. Ndiye madzi chatsanulidwa. Mmodzi 3-lita chidebe Chinawonjezeka 1 chikho shuga, 1 supuni ya mchere, 70 ga viniga ndi supuni awiri uchi. Kenako lembani mabanki ndi mavwende ndi madzi otentha, falitsani iwo ndi wobisa bulangeti. Motero, m'nyengo yozizira mudzapeza azichitira chokoma.