Kodi pali chikhalidwe malo Kivach? Nyama malo a Kivach

Mu 1931, tinaganiza kukhazikitsa malo Kivach. Idamangidwa pofuna kutetezeredwa eponymous mathithi kumveka iri yofulumira pansi ledges. Okonda ecotourism kawirikawiri chidwi "Reserve Kivach kumene? ".

malo

Environmental wowoneka malo yokutidwa nayonso mbalambanda, yokutidwa ndi ranges miyala phiri, nyanja ndi m'madambo, mtsinje Suna indented lamba. mahekitala zikwi khumi ndi osamvetseka anasankha kusamala, mu Tambasula lalikulu la dera Kondopoga, mu Republic of Karelia.

Mu kumpoto chakumadzulo, makilomita khumi ku paki zachilengedwe m'malire m'mudzi Sopoha, ndi mudzi wa Kondopoga. malo The akutambasula pamodzi ku Central ndi Spasogubskomu nkhalango. Mudzi Kivach - waukulu Manor National Park.

Kufotokozera malo

Reserve akutambasula Mphepete mwa wakale m'maenje glacial - synclinal khola la Nyanja Onega - pa malo ntchito zolimba mpumulo Quaternary glaciation. The mtunda umene malo Kivatch pansi, ankaimira nkhalango mmene nayonso, zithaphwi, nyanja, zazikulu ndi zazing'ono.

Kusiya chizindikiro kukoma pa nyanja chachikulu, chimene odzipereka Sungunulani madzi oundana. Ndi pafupifupi zaka zikwi zinayi ntchito za kuwonongedwa kwa moraines ndi eskers, zitunda. mafunde ake mwakhama triturated mchenga ndi miyala, kuwapatutsa mu slurry tosaoneka. Nyanja mthunzi anasiya mbiri wolemera mu mawonekedwe a zitunda moraine, osati amenable kutchinga kuti tisaone, m'goli pansi dongo. Zili ngati anabalalika mu bulanchi ambiri Ozerets, litatenga beseni - beseni.

Kutetezedwa m'dera underlain ndi miyala amene zaka likuyandikira zaka biliyoni. Pa kumadzulo zigwa glacial uyenderere flattened m'mapiri. Miyaladi Selga mu mawonekedwe a mzikiti anapanga m'menemo yosalala ledges. Vypahannoe oundana bedi m'munsi ndi galasi wavy yokutidwa moraine, popangidwa ndi makombo thanthwe.

Kum'mawa ndi pakati achilengedwe otetezedwa Kivatch ndi mbalambanda, limene awiri anatambasula unyolo eskers mchenga zitunda. Sandy Ridge, lili pa nambala mphanga anazimiririka glacier, m'dambo anapanga adatengedwa ndi mitsinje wamphamvu mitsinje amphamvu nayonso.

m'madambo Kivach

paki Malo chikhalidwe zikuphatikizapo chithaphwi. m'matumba awo anali m'maenje ambiri. Low-atagona m'madera m'madambo, inamera dzinthu, udzu ndi madambo aakulu zomera kudyetsedwa ndi pansi ndi pamwamba paulimi ndi kudzadza.

Kivach Reserve ndi wolemera bogs, amene kudyetsa okha mpweya. Iwo kwathunthu omangika mzikiti anapanga sphagnum ndere, interspersed ndi Cassandra ndi rosemary zakutchire. M'madambo n'zosiyana kwambiri kuti mpata kupeza ziwiri zofanana, monga mapasa, dziwe, palibe. zamoyo ndi zosiyanasiyana m'dera lililonse lapadera chinyontho.

zankhalango

glacier wasoŵa kusiya dziko lopanda nthaka. Pamwamba surly mchenga ndi dongo nthaka, striated canaliculate ndi mitsinje monyadira towered wamphamvu thanthwe. Ndi kusalekerera ichi chidzakhala ndi zotsatira za topezeka kumene akutulukira, mofulumira agwilitse ndalama zilipo za mlengalenga.

nyengo ndi nthaka, pafupifupi lopanda manyowa, zimene okha ulamuliro wa mbewu mu nayonso pakati. Kivach Reserve wakhala ufumu wa conifers. Malinga ndi okwera chogwidwa ndi paini, spruce katswiri otsetsereka, m'maenje mbisoweka nyanja ndi otsika m'madambo. miyala vertex ophimbidwa pineries-belomoshnikami, lichens nthaka chivundikiro imene aumbike, ndere, Heather ndi yobiriwira cowberry. m'madambo omangika m'nkhalango kungokhala pamodzimodzi.

Pakati pa mzere anapanga bilberry zobiriwira Moss biocenoses. Spruce kufalitsa kwa malo dongo. Iwo "anathamangira" pa phiri, kupanga nthandala paini-Oil. Spruce lalikulu pakati pa malo, malinga ndi otsika ndi zigwembe, akupeza ndi lofooka alder, meadowsweet ndi ndere, Russell pa tokhala. Makamaka conifers dilutes mtengo kumbali ya birch ndi Aspen. Mu nkhalango wosanganiza kukula osowa mitengo m'dziko South Karelian - lindens ndi elms.

Flora malo

Kivach zomera ndi olemera kwambiri. Pa malo ake otsegula anapeza malo ogona za mitundu 600 ya zomera. Chitakhazikitsidwa oimira kozizira-ya m'mapiri zotsalira, anaonekera oyambirira pambuyo glacial. Iye chobisa nemoral Astarote "alendo."

Malinga ndi izo, ambiri a nayonso amuna lililonse anayamba kugwa ndi zomera dambo. The Malo otetezedwa anasankhidwa mwa mitundu osowa, anakwatulidwa pa Red Book wa tsamba. Part Sopohskogo boron anapanga mitengo wakale, anakhala atatu ndi m'ma hafu.

The zomera za Kivach

Kutetezedwa dziko - yabwino m'bwalolo kuti moyo wa nyama zosiyanasiyana. The Kivach amakhala osawerengeka invertebrates asilikali. Iwo pokonza moyo ndi akufa zomera, kutumiza zigawo nthaka koyenera kuti kuli zomera ndi mitengo. Oimira magulu ambirimbiri a "zamasamba" kenako ndi kuluma zimadya invertebrates - akangaude, kafadala ndi Hymenoptera.

inakhala lapadziko awa akuimira mu izi m'dera kusamala achule, zokwawa, mbalame ndi nyama. Iwo ankapita kwa M'dera lonse Africa lapansi. Kivach - Nature Reserve, yomwe analenga nyama zosaneneka biocenoses - wapadera kwambiri. Apa, limodzi ndi nthumwi za mbalame boreal ku M'madera a zitunda kumpoto ndi kum'mwera.

Nthawi nkhalango Lemmings m'dera lomwe lakamba zambiri mwakuti sanadziwe ntchito yaikulu ya nayonso rodent amakhala ovuta. Moyo pano lililonse Siberia nayonso amuna - mitundu itatu ya shrews ndi voles wofiira. Kamodzi akungoyendayenda pano ndipo anakakhala pansi nyama ndi malire kumpoto m'dera nkhalango-steppe ndi nkhalango kum'mwera. Iwo amakhala ndi mbewa birch ndi anthu mbewa pang'ono.

Maziko onse a zinyama anapanga mitundu wamba: imvi achule, woodpeckers, akalulu, zimbalangondo, mphalapala, amphaka, afisi ndi nyama zina. Pambali iwo pa "northerners" - wolverines, cuckoos ndi shrews, "southerners" - nswala, nguluwe ndi Orioles.

Mu malo ya palinso anthu ndinazoloŵera. Muskrat ndi a Beaver Canada anakakhala pansi pa malo a. Panali nooks agalu raccoon ndi American mink. Pezani malo zisa peregrine awo chiwombankhanga.

The Kivach anakakhala mitundu 216 ya mbalame. alendo ake anakhala corncrake ndi njiwa. Nest mu nkhalango boreal waima nightingales ndi orioles. Sadzu ndi kozodoi anakakhala nooks. Nthawi zina kukaikira mazira lachikasu billed abakhawa, atsekwe piskulki. Nthawi zina amazembera padziko madzi a nyanja woyera tsekwe. Nthawi zina kumva hooting wa kadzidzi ndi. Pali wachikulire golide chiombankhanga woyera-tailed mphungu.

mathithi Kivach

Ledges chilango kwabasi mathithi Kivach kupangidwa mu mtsinje Suna. Mu dzina la mathithi chiyambi Chifinishi. The Finns anamutcha wina kuposa "Kivach", ndiye mofulumira kapena wamphamvu. Kutchula koyamba za thupi madzi unalembedwa 1566 chaka. Malongosoledwe a mlembi wake anapeza mu masamba a bukhu.

Suli kutali ndi mathithi bungwe magalimoto, ndi ogulitsi ndi podyera, komwe alendo ali pachinyezi Chifinishi-Karelian mitanda ndi mbale kuphika pa makala amoto. Nearby ndi owonetsera zakale ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho chidwi ndi Arboretum - kunyumba ya zomera zosowa ndi birchwood.

Wapadera chikhalidwe malo Kivach, mapu zimene zikusonyeza njirazo enieni, amapereka zosiyanasiyana maulendo. Nature kudutsa kuphimba malo onse alendo Natural Park. Pakhomo amalipiritsa umayamba ndi mathithi, dendrokollektsiey, chikhalidwe owonetsera zakale ndi zokopa zina.