Kodi ndi "mphumi nkhosa?" Glacial landforms. "Nkhosa wa mphumi" mu Semenov nyanza ya Murmansk

Pamwamba pa dziko zikomo ku n'zosadabwitsa osiyanasiyana ntchito mphepo, ukuyenda madzi, ayezi, etc. Mmodzi wa chidwi ndi zachilendo landforms -... "mutu Ram ndi" Kodi izo zikuwoneka ndi momwe anapanga?

A zosiyanasiyana mpumulo apadziko: mitundu glacial

timapepala Large ayezi amatchedwa madzi oundana sayansi, kuchita ntchito yaikulu miyala. Choyamba cha ntchito zonsezi ndiko kupita makombo thanthwe, nthawizina mtunda wautali kwambiri.

Ice amadziwika kuti kupangidwa kwa chipale chofewa, kenako inasanduka ayezi zolimba. Yokoka izi ayezi waukulu iyamba kusuntha, "Wopanda" pa dziko lapansili. Choncho ali kwambiri mawotchi kukakamiza pamwamba chimapangitsa. Mophiphiritsa, glacier pamene ankalima miyala pansi, amanyamula zidutswa awo ndi kusungidwa ngati otchedwa moraines. Zosakaniza moraine amenewa kungakhale zosiyanasiyana ndithu. Izo zimatengera kapangidwe Geological alili, komanso kukula glacier.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithandizo glacial. Ena a iwo anapanga ndi oundana phiri (magalimoto, cirques, ufa, etc.). Mapangidwe ena amagwirizana ndi ndondomeko madipoziti moraine chuma (Zander, oses, kames ndi ena).

Mbiri miyala ya Earth anali nyengo zinayi za glaciation, lomwe asayansi. Otsiriza ndi amphamvu kwambiri a iwo, lathuli amakumana ndi posachedwapa - mu nthawi Quaternary. Panthawi imeneyi, madera akuluakulu a North America, Europe ndi Asia munali chipolopolo olimba ayezi. Zofewa thanthwe oundana kungoti "analima". Koma ngati awo njira kudzakhalire molimba crystalline thanthwe, ndiye akanatha kulilenga wapadera mtundu wa mpumulo - "nkhosa mutu". Pa Tikambirana zina.

Tanthauzo: "mutton pamphumi" - ndiye ... Origin landforms

Kodi "mutton pamphumi?" Mu madera, mawuwa anatchula ledges monga miyala, pamwamba chimene ankawachotsera ndi opukutidwa glacier. Ndipo otsetsereka, amene anatembenuzidwa kuti kayendedwe ka glacier - yosalala ndi wofatsa. Zotsutsana ndi zambiri phompho ndi m'goli.

"Mutu nkhosa" - ndi tingachipeze powerenga glacial landforms. Mawu amenewa kawirikawiri olembedwa zizindikiro ogwidwawo. Ngakhale Akatswiriwa ambiri amakhulupirira kuti izi zolemba akhoza kuchotsedwa, chifukwa maganizo kale anataya fanizo wapachiyambi.

Izi mitundu ya kukula kwa chithandizo kwambiri lalikulu. kutalika kawirikawiri kuposa mamita 100-200 ndi kufika msinkhu wa mamita 50. "Mutton pamphumi" amapezeka m'madera a otsiriza ndipo nthawi zambiri wakale wa glaciation. Iwo inafalitsidwa mu Nyanja Baltic (kumpoto kwa Ulaya) ndi Canada (North America) matabwa. Zovuta zingapo "pamphumi mutton" otchedwa miyala lopotana.

Mu Russia, ndi "mutton pamphumi" Tingaone pa Kola Peninsula, Karelia ndi kumpoto Ladoga lakeside. Nthawi zambiri, iwo ili m'mphepete mwa nyanja kumpoto chiyambi glacial. Pa imodzi mwa nyanja izi, ife kupitiriza.

Semenov nyanja - zamasewela ngale Murmansk

Mu kumpoto Murmansk, pafupi Chelyuskintsev msewu, pali kwabasi nyanja Semenov. Iwo dzina polemekeza m'dera "atachuluka ndi grizzled" Mbewu nsodzi amene anakhala ndi ndaweza pa gombe la pa Kola Bay.

Nyanja yaing'ono (madzi padziko dera - 20 m). mozama ake pazipita mamita 18. Kuyambira November mpaka May nyanja ali ndi nkhungu wosanjikiza ayezi. Dziwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osasamba ndipo chikugwirizana ndi Kola Gulf mtsinje.

Semenov nyanja - yofunika bongo ndi alendo malo a mzinda wa kumpoto. Pa m'mphepete mwake ndi malo osewerera ndi ana, siteshoni ngalawa, ndi oceanarium ndi bwalo lachisangalalo. Chilimwe pakati pa ntchito dziwe kasupe. Mzinda anamupatsa imodzi mwa mabizinezi wa Kirov. Kasupe zodabwitsa Murmansk zoyenera mu zone wobiriwira.

M'chaka madzi pamwamba pa nyanja Semenovski dissect chilikupita regattas. M'nyengo yozizira, nyanja ayezi osangalala kupita kutsetsereka ndi kuyenda pansi pa madzi mdzenje.

Natural chipilala "nkhosa mutu" pa Nyanja Semenovskoe

Murmansk - umodzi mwa mizinda Russia a kumpoto. Ndi dziko waukulu mu mzinda, yomwe ili kudera lozizira kwambiri. mzinda lili ndi Kola Peninsula, kugombe la kum'mawa la Gulf a dzina lomweli. Ndi apa, monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, wamba njira yapadera mpumulo glacial - "mutton pamphumi". Ndipo mmodzi wa iwo Tingaone mwachindunji mu mzinda. Izi "nkhosa mutu" mwa nyanja Semenov.

Murmansk ili mu zone lomaliza (quaternary) glaciation. Choncho n'zosadabwitsa kuti kuwundana wakale ndi pa dziko lapansi ambiri a mayendedwe ake.

"Mutu Nkhosa" mwa nyanja Semenov - masoka Geological chipilala, ndiwo wa mtengo wake wapatali sayansi ndi maphunziro ndi maphunziro. Iwo lili Askoldovtsev msewu, za Midway pakati pa gombe la nyanja Semenovski ndi gombe la Kola Bay. Izi zachilengedwe ofunika anali chinthu 1980. okwana Malo - yekha theka mahekitala.

Kufotokozera za chipilala komanso za kufunika kwake

Chinthu ali maonekedwe a ang'ono miyala Chigawo cha granites wakale wa zaka Archean. Thanthwe nthawi lake mosamala wonyezimira ndi kochulukira yokutidwa mizere glacier. otsetsereka ake walangizidwa kum'mwera - kuti kunali wamphamvu kusuntha glacier.

Komanso chidwi ndi zomera pafupi outcrop izi. zomera Local ukufanizidwa ndi chitsamba chilichonse Titafika pamalo ndi birch wokhotakhota. Mu zachilengedwe ofunika anapeza mitundu yambiri osowa wa Moss.

zinthu zimenezi si mukusoŵa m'chigawochi. Komatu, "mutu nkhosa" ndi wapadera ndi lofunika chifukwa ili mmalire a mzinda waukulu. Chifukwa cha ichi kawirikawiri kwambiri anachezeredwa ndi alendo, ophunzira ndi ana a sukulu.

pomaliza

"Mutu nkhosa" - mawonekedwe a mpumulo, chiyambi cha ndilo chifukwa kumva kuwawa glacial. pamwamba pake ndi osalala, opukutidwa ayezi wokutidwa ndi osaya "zimakhalapo" (ming'alu ndi fissures). "Mutu Nkhosa" mwa nyanja Semenov - chitsanzo omveka a mitundu ina mpumulo. Wapadera zachilengedwe chipilala ili mkati Kola Peninsula kumpoto kwa mzinda wa Murmansk.