Kodi dzina "Great Ustyug"? Mbiri ya mizinda Russian

Great Ustyug - Vologda dera ndi limodzi mwa mabuku akale midzi kumpoto Russian unali pa magombe a mtsinje wokongola Sukhona. Izi ndi zodabwitsa ndi zamatsenga malo, dzina kwambiri umene amapuma kalekale. Kodi dzina "Great Ustyug" mungazipeze ponena za mbiri ya tawuni yaing'ono imeneyi koma wotchuka.

The mbiri yakale wa mzindawo

Kutchula koyamba za izo Ming'oma chaka 1207, ngakhale ngakhale ndiye kuthetsa lalikulu. Poyamba kuthetsa ankatchedwa Gleden Gleden kapena chifukwa chakuti phiri ing'onoing'ono yomwe mudzi anakula, limafotokoza mwachidule zabwino.

Komabe, Gleden - si ndithu Ustyug, monga pamtunda wa makilomita ochepa ku mzinda wamakono, koma mavuto nkhondo internecine, kuwotchedwa ndi sanamangidwenso. Koma pa confluence a mtsinje mu South Suhotnu anakula mzinda watsopano. Kodi dzina la Great Ustyug n'zoonekeratu kwa malo - pakamwa pa Mtsinje South. More ndendende, mu masiku amenewo tawuni unkatchedwa chabe Ustyug ndi udindo wake adzalandira ina.

The mbiri yakale wa mumzindamo mwadzaza zochitika ndi anamanganso mwankhondo. Kuchokera pa chiyambi yake mpaka m'ma XVI Ustyug anali mmodzi wa linga limene kumbuyo malire kumpoto kwa Russia, ndipo kenako Moscow ukulu.

Imodzi mwa mfundo zosangalatsa zokhudza mbiri ya mzinda uwu kuti sanachitepo serfdom. Ngati inu mukuyang'ana pa komwe Wamkulu Ustyug pa Russia mapu, zidzakhala bwino chifukwa chake. Chonchi lakutali m'madera a kumpoto kwa landlords sanafune kupita. Choncho, alimi a kumeneko anali omasuka ndipo analipira msonkho kwa chuma cha mzinda, amene m'masiku amenewo ankaona kwambiri Freestyle.

Kupeza mutu

Dzina la Great Ustyug anali mu XVI atumwi, pamene, chifukwa cha kutsegula ya kumpoto Nyanja Route, mzinda anakhala likulu la malonda. Iwo kufika pano ndi amalonda ku Netherlands ndi England, amene ananyamula katundu kunja. Ndiye njira zawo kugona Vologda, ndi ku Moscow.

Kwambiri mankhwala pa nthawi anawoloka ndi mitsinje ndi Ustyug Great ili ku mphambano za madzi. Nzosadabwitsa pa malaya mzinda wa manja anaikidwa Neptune fano. Jugs ndi Jets madzi m'manja mwa khalidwe m'nthano - Yugi ndi zilembo Sukhona mitsinje kuphatikiza mu kumpoto Dvina. Kodi kudziwa zonse Wamkulu amalonda Ustyug akhama.

malonda chitukuko wakhala osati gwero la chuma cha mzinda, komanso zinathandiza kuti chitukuko cha zamanja. mzinda anakula, izo tinamanga matchalitchi ambiri ndi akachisi, ndi amisiri ndi amisiri wa Great Flatiron anatchuka kwambiri monga zosafanana mwini, makalata wapadera kumpoto.

Ustyuzhane anachita ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu kukula kwa Siberia. Komanso, kutenga mbali pa ntchito za chitukuko cha dziko latsopano kutenga osati wamba ndi amisiri, komanso amalonda ndi industrialists.

Kutha kwa mzinda mu XVIII wa - XIX zaka

Adzagonjetsa Peter Ine, anapeza wake wa landlocked zinachititsa kuti imfa ya Wamkulu Ustyug kufunika kwake monga ochitirapo malonda. Ndipo yomanga njanji, umene unachitika kunja kwa mzinda, ndipo kwathunthu akusowa ukulu wake wakale. zaka 200 pambuyo Wamkulu Ustyug panali dzina, potsiriza iye anakhala yaing'ono akuzigawo mzinda, otsalafe handicrafts makamaka chifukwa, monga wotchuka "chisokonezo North" - blackening pa siliva.

Modern Great Ustyug

Panopa mzinda, analipo anthu oposa 30,000 kalekale wotchuka alendo kopita chifukwa cha zisungidwe malo akale ndi mipingo. Alendo agwidwa ndi kukongola kwake ndi chiyanjano cha mipingo woyera aang'ono a m'zaka XVII: Epiphany Sretensky Chiwalitsiro, Ioanna Ustyuzhskogo kachisi Prokopievsky tchalitchi ndi mpingo wamkulu mu mzinda wa Ascension. Ambiri kupulumuka akachisi ndi mipingo ndi nthawi ina. Onsewo kulenga chikhalidwe wapadera mu nkhani zakale.

Ena zinyumba ndi matchalitchi tsopano zakale, mwachitsanzo, mu nyumba ya wamalonda Usov ili zakale, ndi St. Nicholas mpingo, inu mukhoza kuwona chionetsero cha luso wowerengeka.

Mmodzi wa zokopa ozungulira Wamkulu Ustyug ndi wapadera zachilengedwe gwero - ". Vaska ndi kiyi" khumi mita mathithi otchedwa Malowa ali pamtunda pafupi ndi mudzi wa wotsika Tozma. Malinga ndi nthano, kuti zikamera wa lodabwitsali gwero anamuyika mphamvu mdierekezi dzina lake Vaska, anagawa thanthwe imene kugoletsa kiyi.

Koma ambiri Chofunika - mu Great Ustyug ndi zazikulu za Santa Claus.

Pa ulendo Santa Claus

Tsopano anthu ochepa kwambiri kuganizira mmene anali dzina la Great Ustyug, popeza kuti mzinda uwu umatchedwa Great chifukwa ndi wamatsenga mtsogoleri wa dziko Russian pali moyo. Ngakhale kunyumba kwake mzinda analengeza ndi posachedwapa - mu m'ma XX.

Anamanga patrimony ndi nyumba Santa Claus, ndipo pambali, woyera bearded wachikulire mogwirizana ziziwayendera mu Nyumba chosiyana kwa mzinda wakale, ndi zokongola lowoneka zachilengedwe kumpoto.

Ndipo alendo ochokera m'dziko yozizira anabwera kulalikira kunyumba ya Santa Claus ndi zamtengo mbuye cha kuzizira. Alendo amene akukumana Buthu ndi zilembo zosiyana ndi zongopeka Russian Fairy, amapereka zosiyanasiyana zosangalatsa, kuphatikizapo kupita kwa zakale, nyumba yogonamo ya Santa Claus ndi Mpando Hall.

Kodi kufika Great Ustyug? lophweka. Ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg, m'pofunika kuti atenge sitima kuti Kotlas, ndi kuchokera pamenepo basi kwa dziko la Santa Claus. Pali njira ina - kupita Vologda, umenenso basi. Mu chilimwe, kuchokera Vologda boti ulendo chidwi.