Juniors: zaka. Development wa masewera ubwana

ndi juniors ndi ndani? zaka zimene limafanana ndi gulu? Izi m'nkhani ino.

Zochita dziko, othamanga anawagawa m'magulu zaka. Izi zachitika kuti agwirizane mandala, ndipo gulu anauziridwa ndi nkhondo chilungamo ndi anzawo kuti iyende bwino. Pambuyo achinyamata (sukulu) zakubadwa, amene kale kuoneka bwino othamanga yogwira amene kwambiri anaganiza kupitiriza maphunziro ake mu masewera osankhidwa, pakubwera kalasiyo zaka - juniors.

Age juniors

Malinga ndi malamulo a bungwe la International Federation ya zamijaha Federations (IAAF), m'badwo wa gulu junior yochepa kwa zaka 19 ndipo wamng'ono, koma akale. Mpikisanowu ankaona junior, ngati pansi zaka makumi awiri za tsiku la December 31 mpikisano. Masewera ena, mu "Junior" gulu la zaka zochepa kusiyana, kapenanso monga mkulu monga zaka 22. Izi zimadalira liwiro oyimba wothamanga pachimake oyenerera. Mu ena masewera ndi ankayimira msanga, ena pang'onopang'ono, kotero magawano mu anyamata ndi juniors kudutsa boma wayikidwa mosiyana.

Zamijaha mu "Junior" gulu

Pakuti kumvetsa mwatsatanetsatane ndi ulaliki wa zotsatira m'magulu m'badwo, tiona milingo dziko mpikisano pakati juniors pa masewera othamanga. Izi mpikisano zochititsa chidwi komwe kulibe ankafunitsitsa mphotho ndalama. ophunzira onse achinyamata azipereka Masewero mpikisano wochezeka mzimu. Pamsinkhu uwu, pali yaitali yotsalira masekeli - kupitiriza kuchita kwambiri pa masewera pa mlingo akatswiri ndi kupita gulu wamkulu, kapena kusiya zosangalatsa ndi kukhala pa mlingo wa yokonza mawonekedwe thupi. Zimenezi zimasonyeza kuti pafupifupi aliyense junior. Sport, makamaka wamkulu, si kophweka.

Amene kenako kusankha koma kupitiriza kusintha zipambano zawo, ngati mpikisano akatswiri mwa mkulu muyeso zokwanira, tingachite pa mpikisano ankachita masewera, masewera osiyanasiyana ndipo ngakhale otchuka Mpikisano anamenyela.

zamijaha mpikisano pakati juniors unachitikira m'mayiko osiyanasiyana padziko lonse. Iwo anayamba ndi ana, kapena Student Youth Games. Kenako anasamukira ku mpikisano munthu ndi mwalamulo kuzindikira federations. The mpikisano olemekezeka akuganiza Championship junior, koma wokalamba, ena othamanga kale anachita pa achikulire ndi mpikisano ngakhale dziko pa Games Olympic.

The junior woyamba akuyamba m'mayiko osiyanasiyana

Woyamba Championship dziko pa masewera othamanga mu "juniors" (zaka - akale kuposa zaka 19) gulu unachitikira mu mothandizidwa ndi IAAF ku Athens (Greece) mu 1986. Mphamvu ya chochitika - zaka ziwiri. Mu 2016 tinkachitira izi apadera zochititsa chidwi mpikisano pakati pa achinyamata ku dziko lathu, ku mzinda wa Kazan (Russia). Ambiri anyamata ndi atsikana talowa magulu Olympic a m'mayiko awo ndi kuzipereka pa mpikisano ambiri padziko lonse mitundu awo mapulogalamu othamanga.

Ku Ulaya, Mpikisano awa akhala anayamba pang'ono pamaso pa Championship dziko. Warsaw (Poland) mu 1964 anali woyamba, koma ngakhale ndiye suona boma masewero othamanga mu "junior" kalasi (zaka - zaka 20). Ndiye Federation European anatenga zothandizira mipingo yawo pa kumayamba anthu. Ndipo kale mu 1970 ku Colombo (France) analandira masewero kuchokera chitaganya udindo boma kwa nthawi zaka ziwiri.

malamulo

Nthawi wayikidwa osati mwangozi. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse anali mu theka lachiwiri la July. Chifukwa iwo mwina kale ophunzira waukulu mpikisano ophunzira amene ali ndi mayeso ndi magawo, kapena wachinyamata amene ali okonzeka alowe mayunivesite pochitika. Iwo anali kukhala nthawi kukonzekera ndi mpumulo pamaso pa chaka chatsopano sukulu.

magawo a chitukuko

imalankhula European anali kusintha osiyana pa nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, panali zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti "juniors" gulu mpaka 1989. M'badwo wa achinyamata sayenera zaka zoposa 20, ndipo atsikana anatengedwa kupita zaka 19. Kuyambira 2000 mpaka 2005, motsogoleredwa ndi chitaganya IAAF yafupika ngale kulemera kwa pushers, monga chimbale ndi nyundo throwers ndi kutalika kwa zopinga mu akazi 110 meters mavuto. Mpaka nthawi imeneyo, machitidwe mapulogalamu othamanga kwa othamanga wamng'ono ntchito Olympic zida masewera ndi kutalika kwa zopinga, onse pa mpikisano pakampanipo.

Malamulo a mpikisano pakati juniors

Aliyense dziko kuyambira Championship amakhoza kuima pa anthu awiri imodzi, ndipo mu 2003 kukodzedwa malire kwa anthu atatu. Pa mphindi, ndi Championships European Mendulo kusewera junior mu 44 amalanga mfumukazi ya masewera. Anandilola magulu magulu dziko kuti ndinu gawo la Federation Loona za masewera othamanga. M'chaka cha 2017 mwambo wotsatira wa Championship pakati juniors zidzachitika m'tauni ya Grosseto (Italy).

Kuyambira mu 1986, Asia ndi Championship boma pakati juniors. Mu Algeria kuchokera 1994 kuti kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri, inachitikanso mpikisano pakati pa achinyamata ku m'badwo uno.

Mu America, anachititsa imalankhula federations awiri. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1974 Federation of zamijaha za ku Central America ndi ku Caribbean anayamba kukhala ndi akatswiri a masewerawa kwa juniors. The chiyambira zinachitika mu Venezuela. Ndipo Sudbury (Canada) kuyambira 1980 pansi pa mothandizidwa ndi Pan American Association of zamijaha anayamba kugwira Mpikisano junior.

Wotchuka kwambiri masiku ano zamijaha junior, amene anasamukira ku masewera chachikulu, kukhala angapo dziko mbiri chofukizira 100, 200 meters, analamula kulandirana 4 100 mamita ndi Usain n'kudzazilumikiza (Jamaica). Nthano iyi tsopano ndi dziko lonse amadziwa. Iye zalembedwa mu mndandanda ndi junior mbiri dziko mu mamita 200 - masekondi 20,13, kukhala mu 2003 pa Championships mu Bridgetown (Barbados). Today "anthu Mphezi" anagwirizana mndandanda wakula akatswiri dziko.

M'mayiko ena pali sukulu lonse maphunziro a othamanga wamng'ono. Mu Kiev (Ukraine) club "Junior Sport" kuyambira 2014.