Banja Bolkonskih ndi Rostov banja. Poyerekeza makhalidwe a Rostov ndi Bolkonsky

Kodi munthu nkutheka kukhala "bwino Russian chikhalidwe dziko" si kukhudza epic buku Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere"? brushstrokes omveka pa chinsalu cha buku limasonyeza Rostov ndi Bolkonsky. Za mmene anaonera akuya ntchito zawo, umboni ndi mmene anachitira ndi Gorky, kukakomana ndi kumufunsa kuti, "Kodi" Nkhondo ndi Mtendere "" Yankho lake linali mwachidule Tolstoy a "Iliad." Kubadwa kwa ntchito chapadera sizinali zophweka. Osati zokhazo, wakhala mobwerezabwereza kulephereka ndipo anayamba izo "anagwa" kuchokera kapangidwe chosiyana, monga zipatso za kafukufuku kulenga Tolstoy.

Lingaliro la chilengedwe cha buku la

Ganizo lakuti anapanga tingachipeze powerenga wolemba kutenga 1856 cholembera chinali kupeza zinachitikira m'mbiri kugonjetsa gulu la chi anthu Russian. Theka mtima asapita wamba kusintha asonkhezere pakati pa anthu wamba ndi nzika. Ngakhale kenako iwo anali landlords a mtundu "Rostov ndi Bolkonsky" pogwirizanitsa anthu Russian.

Tolstoy anayamba kufufuza analenga kaphatikizidwe lingaliro dziko ku nthawi ya Decembrists. buku lake anali kuyamba kubwerera kwa ku ukapolo Decembrists Pierre Pierre, pamodzi ndi mkazi wake Natalia ndi banja. Luso kutanthauzira kwa nkhani chofuna ake adatumiza kwa 1825 (chaka cha kupanduka kwa Decembrists). Komabe, Pierre anapita Senate Square kuzindikira kuti Tolstoy anatumiza kwa zikuluzikulu za moyo wake, choyamba mu 1812 kenako mu 1805, pamene anayamba. Kuyambira zaka 1863 kuti 1869 - zaka 7 - analenga ichi buku yadzaoneni.

Kukondera ndi mbiri

Classic mu-Saga buku chikusonyeza zilembo zoposa 800, zomwe oposa 500 - mbiri anatsimikizira. Anthu kulongosola sizimawoneka ngati anasonkhana zowonjezera ziwembu zopulula, ali lililonse, iwo ogwirizana ndi banja lawo komanso chikondi. Lolemera mayesero dziko amaonedwa mwa prism wa contiguities awo mabanja. Banja Bolkonskis, Kuragin ndi kukula mu mibadwo itatu anasonyeza osati mwa zithunzi za ena mwa oimira ake, komanso kudzera awo khalidwe generic, "Fuko" zinthu zokhudzana ndi Mama, kwa anthu, chitaganya.

Pakuti Tolstoy banja - Alfa ndi Omega wa anthu. Choncho monga mlengi wa "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya demiurge-wojambula, kuti "mphotho" Makhalidwe ambiri ankakonda mabanja olimba zochokera chikondi ndi ulemu.

"Magulu Thanzi" otchuka

Mu ora la kowopsya kwa Russia (ndi Malemba amasonyeza buku la) Bolkonskis banja ndi banja la Rostovs 'ophatikizidwa mu mtsinje umodzi "ndi anthu, imagwera pa Napoleon ndi asilikali opanda chifundo" cudgel a nkhondo a anthu. " Zinalembedwa ndi Tolstoy mosamala kwambiri, mfundo zonse chifukwa izi awiri mtundu wa - sikungokhudza luso images, "sizinali buku", awiri nkhope asiye Mama otchuka onse pa mtima, wokonzeka zonse ufulu wake: chuma ndi moyo.

Rostov Ilya Andreevich

Rostovs olemekezeka cholowa Russian, pitirizani kukhala moyo wa atumwi wotsiriza. Iwo anazolowera kuti zochita zawo kutsogoleredwa osati chifukwa, koma ndi zikhumbo wauzimu. Banja Bolkonsky ndi Rostov banja - osiyana osati gentility, komanso maganizo awo.

Mutu wa banja, Ilya Andreyevich Rostov ali ndi chikondi chachikulu, iye - kuchereza alendo ndi wochereza alendo wowolowa manja, amakamba pa mipira, zakudya. Wakonda Russian, amakonda kukhala m'mudzi. Ndi banja mogwirizana wangwiro. Iye amadziwa aliyense akonda, woganizira ena, mokondwera, mokondwera. Ndi linga ziri demokalase - kuti curiosities. Akudyerera kalaliki Mitya, ntchito wokhulupirika makamu, kumulanda. Ilya Andreyevich ali lili ndi akatswiri malonda ayi, neekonomen kucheza ndi mmene akukhalira ndi ayamba zokayikitsa.

A njonda anabadwa ndi nezlobliv. Mwachitsanzo, pamene mlimi-mlenje mosadziwa wotembereredwa iye mu mitima ya sluggishness ya kusaka, adatenga ndi Izitu n'zovutitsa, anati kanthu ndi kukulitsa mosalakwitsa tione. Mwina, chifukwa dongosolo la umutu, kutsatira miyambo ndi mtima wa mtumiki kwenikweni kukonda Rostov, osati "ntchito pa iwo" ndi "kuthandiza kuthamanga chuma," ngati iwo akanati kuthandiza anthu okhala.

Ilya Andreyevich angatchedwe munthu ulemu. Pamene mwana wake Nicholas Lost mu khadi 43 chikwi. Opaka. oipa ndi ziyenera Dolokhov, atate, pokhala mavuto azachuma, ndalama lolipiridwa yomweyo. Iye anachita zimenezi chifukwa cha maziko yake wa banja, chikondi ndi kukhulupirirana.

Banja la anapuma General-mu-Chief ndi Banja Russian mbuye

Monga ife tamutchula uja, banja Bolkonsky ndi Rostov banja ndi zikhalidwe zosiyana. Ngati Rostov - anthu boma, ingrown Ambiri "mizu" mu Moscow m'dziko, Bolkonskaya - servicemen. Ndipo dziko utumiki kwa iwo - uwu si mpikisano wa mabungwe mabungwe ndi mphoto.

Osati paokha ali mu malo okongoletsedwa wa Prince Nikolai Andreyevich Bolkonsky ndipo pambuyo opals. Iye anavutika chifukwa intransigence wake, chifukwa cholephela wake kukhotetsa msana wake kwa akuluakulu a. Kodi iye anakwiyira pa dziko atizungulira ife? Kumlingo, pa mlingo chikumbumtima - inde.

Oyeretsa Rostov ndi Bolkonsky

Wopuma pantchito General-mu-akulu anali wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba kumbali mayina awo monga makoma, ku dziko lonse. Iye amamunyoza moyo yakale, koma ndalama zake "ntchito ngati wotchi." Prince akugula leni inatha ulimi makina, ntchito zaulimi panokha asaaonerera. Old Prince Andrew amasamalira Amaya. Amene Usabe, koma amadziwa - ntchitoyi analipira, ndipo ngati zichitika kuti m'pofunika ndi Prince Nicholas tingayembekezere kuthandiza. anthu ake, kani kulemekezedwa kuposa kukondedwa.

Banja Bolkonsky ndi Rostov banja ndinkakhala nalo mosiyana. Ngati RostoVs zambiri amagwa ziyambe kukonzedwa, akale Bolkonsky olimba dzanja amasunga ulusi kulamulira, kulandira ndalama aganyali mu zipangizo zaulimi ndi kudzikonda maphunziro. chuma chake, ndi Werengerani yekha, moyo mosamalitsa malinga ndi tsiku lililonse, pamodzi mizere ya gulu lankhondo.

Poyerekeza makhalidwe a ku Rostov ndi Bolkonsky

Komabe, owerenga n'zoonekeratu kuti Prince Nikolai, kupondereza malingaliro ndi chuma otsika "moyo mphamvu" Ilya Andreyevich Rostov. Old Prince Andrew "Mwachibadwa moyo wake" sichitipeza, asaone zochita miyoyo ya okondedwa, zolinga zawo. Koma wamphamvu mbali Rostov. Amachititsa chikondi cha kusuntha chawo kwa wina ndi mzake.

Kawirikawiri anapulumutsa banja. Pamene "oponderezedwa manyazi" Nikolenka Rostov, Dolokhov woluza scoundrel ndalama kwenikweni katundu, ndinabwerera kunyumba, chakupulumutsa mwina mlongo kudzipha Natasha. Iye ndinamva kumbuyo mpanda wa ake nyimbo kupanga ndi kuimba, ndiyeno iye kupyolera "auzimu" iwo anamvetsa kuti zoyipa zonse m'dziko sali wokwanira ndi chikondi chimene zikuuluka kuzungulira banja lake.

Mwachidule, makhalidwe poyerekeza wa Rostov ndi Bolkonsky muyezo cordiality mabanja - osati mokomera wopuma pantchito ambiri nthawi Suvorov. RostoVs mwina witted ndi nedoobrazovannye, koma ali ndi mwayi, polankhulana nthawi zonse, kukhala mopupuluma wauzimu, kugonjetsa mavuto a chikondi ndi kumvetsa dziko kudwala.

zimaoneka ululu wa Prince Nicholas Kodi

Prince Nicholas, kudziwa wophunzitsa ana awo, kulimbikitsa kukonda dziko lako manyazi malingaliro awo, kuphatikizapo kufooka kwawo. Tikumbukenso kuti kwenikweni okalamba Bolkonsky osiyana. Koma zofunkha zinazika mizu "martinet chigoba."

Mwachitsanzo, nanena tiwonana mwana wake, iye, ngati manyazi, anafunsa kuti 'kukhala ndi moyo ", kuwonjezera kuti" kadzakupwetetekani "ngati kuti adzaphedwa. Ndiye acicoka kubisa misozi. Mu yochepayi mawu ali zonse: mavuto moyo wa atate, kukonda mwana wake, kum'dalitsa utumiki.

ana ake: msilikali wolemekezeka Andrey Bolkonsky ndi mwana Mfumukazi Mary - wosasangalala ku zosachita makolo wachikondi. Koma ngati Prince Andrew yekha amanga ntchito yake, kalonga amakhala Manor "ndi bambo ake." Mkulu wakale, kukhala munthu wanzeru Subconsciously amadziwa kuchepekedwa mtima, koma "martinet Chigoba" ndi wamphamvu, ndipo ukugwira nkhanza wosalabadira. Mosakayikira, kalonga Nikolay yekha akuwadziwa chifukwa wamkulu mkazi m'chipululu kuphunzira masamu. Komabe, kuwasonyeza ndondomeko zimenezi, oyang'anira kuphedwa kwake.

Kumapeto kwa moyo wake kalonga amakhala wankhanza poyerekezera ndi mwana wake wamkazi, pa zifukwa zina, "kuphunzitsa udindo wake" ndipo slighting mwamakhalidwe mafashoni pafupifupi asilikali amaoneka ngati chipongwe mwachindunji. Komabe, maganizo Mfumukazi Mary chililaka mphamvu ya chikondi cha bambo wake maofesi, ndipo wina atatsala pang'ono kufa kuti amukhululukire ake.

Timaganizira za izo, ngati iye anali kumalo ozizira ndi banja khalidwe Bolkonsky ndi Rostov? Mwina pali zinthu wamba.

Onse mu Rostov ndi Bolkonsky

Ngakhale njira zosiyanasiyana za moyo "ndi mtima 'ndi" maganizo a "- kwambiri pakati pa mabanja awiriwa ali yemweyo. "Russianness 'kukonda dziko lawo ndi kudzipereka kwa Lathu.

Mu nkhondo yachilendo lamulo ntchito ndodo pa nkhondoyo Regiment ndi Andrey Bolkonsky. Iye ali ngati ngwazi weniweni kuukira mbendera ndi zoipa anavulazidwa kenako anaphedwa ndi bala. Kumene, wamng'ono Prince Andrew anatengera bambo ake "Suvorov" kulimba mtima.

Anagwira unyamata mopupuluma, achinyamata Petya Rostov iri yofulumira kutsogolo mchimwene wake Nicholas. Bambo ndi mayi kumudalitsa. Opanda chifundo nkhondo, monga Tolstoy analemba - mosiyana "chifukwa anthu" ndi "uthunthu" chochitika - chipolopolo yosokera amapha mnyamata chikondi ndi kowala.

Molimba anamenyana ndi French Nicholas Rostov, osati kubisala mu likulu. Kuika miyoyo yawo, pafupi asilikali French patsogolo nawalanditsa Mfumukazi Mary, amene anadzakhala mkazi wake.

A weniweni, osati amunamuna fanfare nkhani akupereka "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere". Rostov ndi Bolkonsky (kutanthauza - gawo wachibadwidwe wa mabanja) kukhalabe mu zigawo zawo mpaka mwayi wotsiriza mumpanda French. RostoVs Choncho kusandutsa nyumba yanu ku chipatala chifukwa ovulala. Ndipo pamene mdani abwera pafupi, werengani Ilya Andreyevich Rostov mwadala amapita ku chitayiko wake chifukwa cha muno wake. Iye akuuza dambo kuti kukonzekera achoke a ngolo anagula katundu ndi kuwatenga magazi asilikali Russian. Iye sangakhoze kuchita mosiyana.

Prince Nikolai Bolkonsky wasankha pa olimbanawo kukana French, iye dazi Hills amathandiza wamba ake ndipo anakhala mtsogoleri wa asilikali. Komabe, madzulo a analandira uthenga woipa - Kudzipereka Smolensk - kale wolumala mphamvu yake, ndi mtima wake sungakhale. Amwalira.

Natasha Rostov ndi Andrey Bolkonsky

Prince Andrew, grimace a "munthu wokongola" Yankho zosangalatsa zakuthupi, Eti pa mpira anakumana Natasha Rostova. Bwanji kudana kwambiri ndi dzikoli? Iye anakhumudwa ndi izo. Ndi nkhani ya chisoni ndi chikondi Andrey Bolkonsky anakwatira mtsikana wolemekezeka Lisa. Iye ankamukonda iye, koma maganizo anali kutali. Pamodzi ndi mkazi wake wamng'ono, iye, ndi cholinga chokhacho - kukondweretsa ake, kupita ku mipira ndi phwando kumene pampando akungoonerera. Chimwemwe m'banja sizinayende, posakhalitsa panali vuto - imfa ya Lisa pobereka. Mkazi, "kalonga wamkazi wamng'ono", adapereka mwana wake Andrew. anakulira, atate wake ntchito.

Zosayembekezereka wodziwa Natasha Rostova pa mpira, ngati kamphepo kayaziyazi, anagwedeza wamng'ono kalonga. Natasha, pakuti kuzindikira wamng'ono Bolkonsky, wogwidwa ndi chimene iye anali mosatsata - nzeru za mtima. Kodi amasewera athu ku msonkhano uno? Yankho la funso limeneli kungatithandize kamodzinso kuyerekeza banja Bolkonsky ndi Rostov.

Natasha Rostova, ndi onse ankakonda sakanakhoza thupi yekha ndi okondedwa. Iye sankakonda kukhala chimodzi, kuganiza. Ndi chinachake ngati mokondwera masika Babeloni mtsinje. Kumbukirani powonekera pochokera nkhondo Nikolai Rostov. Monga Tolstoy imamveka Natasha, kukumana m'bale? Osati ngati munthu, ndipo ngati kamvuluvulu yachisangalalo mtsinje kuonekeratu mphamvu, "chinachake ... ngati mphepo yamkuntho watenga kuchokera." Ndipo ichi ndi chinachake anakumbatira "anayamba kum'psompsona."

Sichangozi mu ntchito ya Tolstoy anakumana Natasha Rostov ndi Andrey Bolkonsky, "ayezi ndi moto". Ndi malawi anasungunuka ayezi, chikondi nkhani zawo - ulemerero weniweni wa buku lalikulu. Msonkhano Andreya Bolkonskogo ndi Natasha kufooketsedwa ndi Prince. Iye chimaonekadi wamng'ono. chiweruzo thawed maso ake ozizira wabweza luster chinachitika maganizo vzaimoedinenie wa anthu awiri osiyana kwambiri. Zisanachitike, iye analola chokha yaing'ono bwalo la anthu. Natasha yomweyo, ku msonkhano woyamba anatulukira mu bwalo.

Zinachitika bwanji (ndipo posakhalitsa) kuti woipa amene amabweretsa Anatole Kuragin kunyong'onyeka Natasha anasolola okha, kugwa m'chikondi, chifukwa chakuti anayamba ndi kuba wa chisokonezo ndi? Yankho si kuchipeza. Natasha nthawizonse ndinkakhala maganizo, ndi maganizo chifukwa chakuti abodza, wabodza. Komabe, kudutsa kuzindikira ndi kulapa, ndinazindikira kuti iye amandikonda mnyamata Bolkonsky, koma atalakwira, anaganiza kudzipereka kwa utumiki.

Kuya kwa fano Andreya Bolkonskogo

Andrey Bolkonsky - imodzi yabwino ndi kuya zithunzi mabuku Russian. Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy Kutuzov anamupatsa pakamwa khalidwe: njira yake - ndi njira ukoma, njira ya utumiki.

Cholowa kapitawo ali ndi mfundo zonse pantchito yabwino: nzeru, kulingalira kumvetsa zokhudza nkhondo, kuzindikira. Poyamba, iye ndi wodzikonda, yochepa mtima. Komabe, kukhala ndi mtima woyera, kukhumba kutumikira Lathu, samalani ndi osasunthika mkulu zopatsidwa kwa iye ndi Regiment ndi kudziwa zamoyo wa moyo malo Andreya Bolkonskogo.

Pitani ku kumvetsa zonse pa yekha monga munthu, iye akubwera pambuyo anavulazidwa, akufa. Mu zaka zochepa za nkhondo anabwera kwa iye kukwaniritsidwa kwa kuya pokhala umene otsatira khumi zikubwerazi. Akumvetsa zimene chikondi cha Mulungu.

Mfumukazi Mary

Motsutsa mabuku ndi zolemba zosiyanasiyana zambiri chiweruzo kuti ankakonda wamkazi khalidwe Lva Tolstogo anali Natasha Rostova. Izi siziri zoona.

Classic ankakonda fano - Mfumukazi Mary. Zinali wolemba ake kuika mtengo kwambiri yekha - momwe iye anaimira mayi ake.

Tolstoy sanakumbukire ake. Anamwalira pobereka mlongo Levet pamene iye anali usinkhu wa zaka 2 okha. Kuyambira ndili ndi fano moyo wa mayi zopatulika tingachipeze powerenga ndi. Pamene iye anayesera kulingalira, iye visualized zofewa, woyera ndi yofewa chowala tione. Classic anavomereza kuti ngakhale kukhala "achikulire" Iye ndi ola manda a "kupemphera pa fano lake," ndipo mayi anga anathandiza.

Ife sindiganizira pa ubale Mariya ndi bambo ake (iwo anali kale anaphimba pamwamba). Onani kuti Mfumukazi Mary - mtsikana inakonda payekha, kusonyeza kuti beneficence. Kunja, ndi "wamba" Koma mpaka pano pamene woyimba sungakhoze kuyang'ana mu maso ake, kukongola kwenikweni amachokera moyo wake. Kuyamikira zowonetseredwa ndi Nikolai Rostov ake, kumuthandiza kupewa adani a French, kuti Amira kwambiri mumtima. Ndi ukwati ogwirizana awo Bolkonsky ndi Rostov.

Kuyerekezera mabanja awiriwa tingachipeze powerenga yabwino, ndithudi, chokongoletsedwa imodzi mwa mabuku abwino onena za dziko.

Pomaliza

Lva Tolstogo buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" - buku, kuganiza ndi kutanthauzira. Zimenezi ndi zoona makamaka tsopano kuti moyo ozungulira ladzala ndi cliches, cliches. Lero, nthawi zambiri oimira gulu limodzi chikhalidwe ali okha mamembala a wina wosazindikira zowombetsa mkota.

Nako monga munthu ayenera kuona choonadi. Monga mtsutso "chifukwa" mosamala kwambiri chikhalidwe chawo anthu akhoza kukhala "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere", amene akuonekera bwino mu chitsanzo cha otchuka, kuti iwo ali osiyana, makamaka pakati pawo pali Bolkonsky, ndi Dolokhov, ndi kukula, ndi Kuragino.