Commissariat - ndi ... History za bungwe. mayendedwe commissariats

Commissariat - ichi ndi yayikulu boma utsogoleri thupi. Iye anafuna kugawira pa kayendetsedwe ka Boma munthu wa chuma pakati Commissars la Anthu (tsopano mtumiki) ndi atumiki ena onse.

Mbiri ya maphunziro

Poyamba Commissariats zinalengedwa mu 1917, Zonse-Russian Congress la Soviet Union. mabungwe onse kumene analenga anali mbali ya boma la Soviet, amene ankapita ndi Lenin nthawi VI

Mu 1918, dongosolo la commissariat anthu, kumene anali Mukalongosola kuti "Commissariat" anali enshrined mu Constitution la RSFSR ndi, chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti acronyms cholinga magwiridwe, ndi zina zotero. D. Ndiyeno panali 18 commissariats nthambi zochita za boma.

Kale mu 1922, pa mapangidwe Soviet Union nambala ya kusintha anapanga dongosolo. chiwerengero cha anatumiza zochepa khumi, koma anabisa lonse la Soviet Union kwathunthu. Theka la iwo anali onse Union, ndipo hafu inayo - pamodzi. Mu 1923 izo linaperekedwa malangizo pa Commissariat Anthu kumene mfundo pa dongosolo la mogwirizana kwa Commissariats mwa mayiko Union akhala m'kaundula. Commissariat, tanthauzo la zomwe amaganiza kulamulira makampani awo, tsopano ali ndi ulamuliro opereka malamulo, malangizo ndi malangizo.

Mu 1936, kusintha zina zagwira dongosolo lalikhulu ladziko ndipo Commissariat Anthu a - kusintha kwa United anatumiza mu Union-Republican. Choncho inakhalapo khumi wogwirizana-Republican komanso mgwirizano anatumiza eyiti. Kukhala ndi chuma cha dziko mu zaka khumi zotsatira, kuika commissariats anthu permutation wina. Ndipo mu 1946, lamulo latsopano anasintha dzina la anatumiza, ndi tsopano Commissariat la Anthu - utumiki uwu.

Kapangidwe ka anatumiza kwa

Commissariat Anthu anali ulamuliro waukulu mu ulamuliro wa aliyense muzochitika munthu wa moyo Soviet. Pa mutu wa Commissariat anali Commissar la Anthu. ndi anatumiza onse commissariats osiyanasiyana anali ogwirizana Kuwonjezera Bungwe la Commissars anthu. Aliyense Republic mgwirizano anali commissariats ake ndi akulu a Commissars anthu.

Commissariat lililonse Anthu inkakhala m'madipatimenti:

- kasamalidwe nkhani;

- maphunziro ndodo;

- pa mbali ya aphungu;

- pankhani za chuma;

- kubisa a zinthu zanu zachinsinsi;

- kulongosola sukulu;

- Komiti pa Affairs Malamulo.

Chiwerengero cha ogwira anafikira anthu 150-170 aliyense Commissariat.

mayendedwe

Lamulo 1917 kuzindikiridwa madera awa a Commissariats ntchito:

- zochitika mkati (kapena NKVD);

- ulimi;

- maphunziro ntchito;

- asilikali ndi panyanja zochitika;

- maphunziro;

- zachuma;

- kugona ndi kumayiko ena;

- ntchito malamulo;

- chakudya;

- Mail ndi Telegraph;

- sitima malonda.

Mu 1932 linagwirizana ndi wina 3 Commissioner: katundu, kuwala ndi makampani nkhalango.

Malipilo a Commissars Anthu

Commissariat - ndi gawo la dongosolo la boma Choncho, kasamalidwe malipiro timu anali kukhala mkulu ndi mfundo ano. Komabe, pa nthawi imeneyo zinthu zinali zosiyana: mu November 1917, Lenin zinasaina lamulo pa Malipilo a ntchito ya Commissars Anthu ndi atumiki ena.

Malinga ndi lamulo izi Commissar analandira mwezi kwa rubles 500. Ngati zikuchokera banja lake anali nzika olumala (ana, akuluakulu kapena anthu olumala), ndiye munthu aliyense ngati pa Commissar Anthu a kulipira owonjezera $ 100 pamwezi. Ndi ziwerengero zonse, ndalama commissar anthu a m'banja anali wofanana ndi ndalama za ntchito pafupifupi.

Commissariat - tanthawuzo la "makolo" tsopano alipo ndipo ntchito za utumiki wa, kapangidwe ndi ntchito yomwe lili zaka ndi amaloŵamo kusintha chabe.