Irkutsk Museum Regional: mbiri ya chilengedwe

Irkutsk ndi imodzi mwa wamkulu Russian mizinda Siberia. Mbiri yake inayamba mu 1661 ndi maziko a ndende ankachitika kusonkhanitsa msonkho - msonkho pa anthu olankhula zinenero zamakolo za North. Kwa zaka zitatu ndi theka linakhalapo mumzinda panali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa, ndi mbadwa malo awa kutamandidwa osati nyumba yawo, komanso dziko lonse. Dziwani zambiri za iwo, inu mukhoza kuchezera Irkutsk Regional Museum (IOKM).

maziko

Irkutsk Museum Regional anakhazikitsidwa mu 1782 pa kuyamba kwa kazembe F. Nicknames. Ngakhale Franz Nikolaevich anabadwa mu Czech Republic, komwe panthawiyo anali pansi pa Habsburg mphamvu, ndi mtima wake onse anaperekedwa Russia. Mu kugwa m'chikondi ndi Irkutsk Klitschko anachita zambiri za chitukuko ake. Makamaka, anasonkhanitsa amalonda m'dera ndi nzika ulemu ndi kulimbikitsidwa kuti zopereka kutsegula oyamba mu Siberia, zakale m'dera mbiri ndi "knigohranitelnitsy" (laibulale).

Kuti moneybags m'dera anali owolowa manja, nicknames anathandizira rubles mazana angapo golide. Posachedwapa kuchuluka chofunika wakhala amatengedwa ndi analengedwa ndi anayambitsa komitiyo. Pamafunikanso membala lolingana wa Academy of Sciences ya Karamyshev ndi E. Laxman. Yotsiriza kwa zaka anayenda ngodya kwambiri kutetezedwa wa Russia nasonkhanitsa gulu lalikulu la mchere, komanso thematic herbarium. asayansi awo ambiri anapatsa Museum wa Institute migodi, ndi ena obwera ku Irkutsk.

History IOKM kwa 1879

Mu 1851, chinatseguka nthambi ya Russian Society Geographical, pansi pa ulamuliro umene anali kukaperekedwa kwa nyumbayi mu Irkutsk. Zimenezi zinathandiza kuti chitukuko ndi kusandulika ku umodzi mwa mabungwe akuluakulu a kusukulu Siberia. Komanso, m'nyumbayi ntchito ankagwira ukapolo ku Poland kuchita ndi Warsaw Zipolowe, asayansi B. Dybowski ndi W. Godlewski, amene zimayesetsa kuphunzira Nyanja Baikal ndi anthu ake, komanso N. Witkowski, J. ndi A. Cherskii Chelanovsky.

m'zaka 19 chifukwa Irkutsk owonetsera zakale dera anali amalembedwa ndi gulu la maulendo osiyanasiyana. Iwo umalimbana kuphunzira kum'mawa zigawo chapakati cha Russian Ufumu. mamembala awo litapita ulendo zakale zambiri wakale, mchere, zovala chikhalidwe artefacts kwa anthu olankhula zinenero zamakolo a Siberia ndi Urals.

moto

Mu 1879 Irkutsk Regional Museum anali lowonongeka ndi moto kuti aononga kwambiri mzinda. Iye anataya nyumba yake yoyamba, yomwe ili m'dera Tikhvin, komanso anataya 22,000 ndi 10,000 makope wapadera mabuku m'buku depository, umene uli kum'mawa waukulu wa Urals lapansi.

Komabe, anthu a Irkutsk sadziwa za mzindawo kopanda Museum, kotero mwamsanga anasonkhanitsa ndalama zofunika kumanga miyala yomanga. Komanso, palibe laibulale nthawi wabwezeretsedwa ndipo anapereka kwa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wapatali, amene anali m'malo zakale amene anasowa mu moto.

kubadwanso

Mu 1883, kutsegula wamkulu wa latsopano nyumba zakale, ndi onse khumi wotsatira wa gulu lake, komanso dera pang'onopang'ono kwa Irkutsk anayesa popeza Kutolere Museum Regional. Chifukwa chaichi, maulendo ambiri anali m'magulu. Chochitachi wakhala bwino kuti posachedwapa, kwa anthu amene anabwera ku Irkutsk, ndi Irkutsk Regional Museum anakhala chinthu ayenera kuti kudzacheza. Komanso, zosonkhanitsira wake anasonyeza mobwerezabwereza mu zaka zingapo zapitazi cha m'ma 20 pa zisudzo zapamwamba, kuphatikizapo mu Paris ndipo Novgorod.

Mbiri ya nyumbayi m'zaka za m'ma 20

Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mphamvu Soviet ku Siberia, ndi Irkutsk Regional Museum (mbiri ya maziko anapereka pamwamba) anali nationalized, ndipo anayamba gawo latsopano chitukuko. Mu 1936 Irkutsk Regional Art Museum anakhazikitsa maziko ace.

Mu 50-70-ntchentche wa 20 atumwi, USSR anatenga ndondomeko pa chitukuko cha madera kum'mawa kwa dzikoli. Nthawi imeneyi IOKM kukhala malo olembedwa Nkhani ya nyumba zazikulu Soviet akubanki, zithunzi ndi zakale zina zokhudza omanga Bam, anasonkhana pa Irkutsk opangira magetsi siteshoni ndi zina zotero. Koma masiku ano, amakulolani kudziwa za ntchito zozizwitsa za mbadwo akulu a ku Russia amene sanachite mphamvu yopuma pa chitukuko cha Siberia ndi Far kum'mawa, komanso kuonetsetsa mphamvu zachuma ndi zankhondo wa USSR.

M'nyumbayi lero

Pa nthawi, chionetsero owonetsera zakale tichipeza zigawo 8. Kuphatikizapo: mabungwe a mbiri, chikhalidwe, ntchito ndi chitukuko cha atolankhani ndi thumba buku. Komanso, mbali yaikulu pa zachikhalidwe cha mzinda kusewera owonetsera zakale situdiyo Irkutsk owonetsera zakale dera ndipo pa July 3, 21 zochita chionetsero "Tsamba kwa Asia."

Kunyada kwa nyumbayi ndi chopereka wapatali akatswiri a zinthu zakale, kuphatikizapo yade ware Stone Age ndi zinthu wapadera a Chibuda ndipo shamanistic mipatuko.

Mu IOKM zonse bungwe zosiyanasiyana chikhalidwe ndi maphunziro, kuphatikizapo ana. Pa maulendo amenewa, ndi nkhani achinyamata a Irkutsk yodziwa mbiri ya mumzinda wakwawo ndi kukuza M'maso mwawo.

Hotels pafupi Irkutsk owonetsera zakale dera

Ambiri mwa anthu amene anabwera ku likulu la kum'mawa Siberia, amakonda kukhazikika mu mzinda, kumene IOKM. Near nyumbayi pali Map angapo. Pakati pawo:

• "Bwalo ndi Marriott";
• "Star";
• "Victoria";
• "Irkut";
• hotelo malonda "Delta" ndi zina zotero.

Iwo akhoza kukhala m'magulu osiyana ndi mtengo osiyana ndi mlingo wa utumiki.

Inayambira maola ndi ojambula

M'nyumbayi ndi lotseguka pa masiku onse a sabata koma Lolemba. Inayambira maola kuchokera 10:00 kuti 18:00. Museum Address: Karla Marksa Street, 11. Phone kuti mufunse angapezeke pa webusaiti boma. Matikiti kuti zili m'nyumbayi 50 kuti rubles 200. Mu IOKM akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito angapo ntchito zina. Pakati pawo:

• Mutu kapena ulendo wokawona malo a Irkutsk. Nthawi 1 hr. Ndipafupifupi 2500 rubles.
• City ulendo chinenero china. Nthawi 1 hr. Mtengo wa 2500 rubles.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa mfundo zofunika za Irkutsk Regional Museum, amene ali wokwanira ulendo kuphunzira zambiri za mzinda uwu ndi miyambo yaitali chikhalidwe ndi anthu a kum'mawa Siberia.